Product Design Concept
By Nirjhar Chakravorti
A brief about Nirjhar Chakravorti
Nirjhar Chakravorti has completed Mechanical
Engineering in 2000 from Jalpaiguri Government
Engineering College, India.
Nirjhar has experience in design, development
and project engineering.
During professional life, Nirjhar has worked on
different engineering activities, like equipment
design, development and project management,
feasibility study, life cycle costing, etc.
About this presentation
This presentation contains:
What is product design?
Objectives of product design
Features of a good product design
Concepts of product design
Steps of product design
What is product design?
Product design is conceptualization of an idea about a
product and transformation of the idea into a reality.
To transform the idea into reality a specification about
the product is prepared. This specification is prepared by
considering different constraints such as production
process, customer expectation, etc. In product design
stage every aspects of the product are analyzed. Also
final decision regarding the product is taken on the basis
of the analysis. This decision can be any aspect related
to the product, e.g. dimension and tolerances, type of
material for every components, etc.
What is product design?
Product design is one of the most
important and sensitive factor for an
organization. Success or failure of the
product decides company’s business,
market share and reputation. So during
design stage various factors related to the
product needs to be addressed.
Objectives of product design
To ensure growth of the organization
To utilize the surplus capacity of the organization, such
as physical facility, man power, etc.
To utilize the surplus fund of the organization
To meet new requirement of the customers
To increase company’s market share and to target new
market segment
To ensure complete product range in company’s
portfolio
Features of a good product design
Functionality: The product must function
properly for intended purpose.
Reliability: The product must perform properly
for the designated period of time.
Productivity: The product must be produced
with a required quantity and quality at a defined
and feasible cost.
Features of a good product design
Quality: The product must satisfy customer’s
stated and unstated needs.
Standardization: The product should be
designed in such a fashion so that most of the
components are standardized and easily
available in the market.
Features of a good product design
Maintainability: The product must perform for
a designated period with a minimum and defined
maintenance. Adequate provision for
maintenance should be kept in the product.
Cost effectiveness: The product must be cost
effective. The must be manufactured in the most
cost effective environment.
Concepts of product design
Research & development:
Basic research is a search for new knowledge. It
does not have any immediate application, but
based on the basic research new product can be
developed in future.
Applied research has objective of developing
commercial products.
Concepts of product design
Reverse engineering:
Reverse engineering is the process of carefully
dismantling a product, understanding its design
and developing a product which is better than
the existing one.
Concepts of product design
CAD-CAM:
By using 3D modeling software system,
designers develop a computerized model of a
new product and analyze its design parameters.
After computer aided design (CAD), computer
aided manufacturing (CAM) system produce the
product by using CNC facility.
Concepts of product design
Concurrent engineering (CE):
CE is different than conventional approach of
design. In CE, different co-related teams are
formed, which perform different activities for
developing a product. For example, development
of market concept, design of product,
development of manufacturing process, selection
and arrangement of material for new design is
performed by different teams at the same time. It
reduces considerable amount of time to develop a
new product.
In practice different concepts are combined and
applied together to design a new product.
Steps of product design
Synthesis: Try to develop different alternatives
Sketching: Draw sketches in exact scale for different alternatives
Analysis: Analysis different alternatives with respect to operability,
maintainability, inspection, assembling and dismantling issues, cost
parameters, production methos, etc.
Selection: Select the best alternative
Basic engineering: Prepare layout in exact scale, calculate strength
of components, select proper cost effective materail.
Detail design: Prepare detail engineering drawing for each
component
Prototype: If option is there, then prepare prototype and test it
Manufacturing: If prototype is not made, then follow manufacturing
steps and solve manufacturing problems and assembly problems, if
any.
Operation: collect feedback during actual operation of the new
product. If any problem exists, try to provide design based solution.
Also, implement lessons in the future design.
Product development: If any modification can be done, implement
