Engineering Journals
AN INVESTIGATION ON THE DEPENDENCY OF BURSTING STRENGTH OF
KNITTED FABRICS ON KNIT structures
--Manuscript Draft--
Manuscript Number: Engineering Journals-17-403
Full Title: AN INVESTIGATION ON THE DEPENDENCY OF BURSTING STRENGTH OF
KNITTED FABRICS ON KNIT structures
Short Title:
Article Type: Review
Section/Category: Industrial Engineering & Management
Keywords: Bursting strength, knit structures, dependency
Manuscript Region of Origin: ETHIOPIA
Abstract: Knitted fabrics bursting strength dependency was investigated. The investigation was
by reviewing previously done and published research articles. In this investigation the
dependency of bursting strengths on knit structures was identified and analyzed.
Different findings of different scholars on bursting strengths of different knitted fabrics
have been discussed in this review.
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AN INVESTIGATION ON THE Tugrul Ogulata, 2010). Bursting strengths of
DEPENDENCY OF BURSTING knitted fabrics can be affected by knit
STRENGTH OF KNITTED FABRICS structure as investigated by different
ON KNIT STITCHES, FIBERS AND scholars.
YARNS Materials
Abstract
The materials used in this review are
Knitted fabrics bursting strength dependency
previously published articles those studied
was investigated. The investigation was by
by different scholars.
reviewing previously done and published
research articles. In this investigation the Methods
dependency of bursting strengths on knit
The methods are identifying the most recent
structures was identified and analyzed.
publications on bursting strengths of knitted
Different findings of different scholars on
fabrics, selecting the factors which
bursting strengths of different knitted fabrics
significantly influencing the bursting
have been discussed in this review.
strength, collections of articles related to
Key words: Bursting strength, knit
bursting strength dependency, deep reading,
structures, dependency
analyzing, writing the analyzed review and
Introduction
conclude.
Strength of the fabric is an important
property that decides and influences all other Results and Discussion
performance properties of the knitted
Dependency of Bursting Strength on
fabrics. Consideration of the strength of the
Fabric Structure
fabric is very essential while selecting the
appropriate fabric for the intended garment Fabric structures have significant effect on
(M.D. Teli et al., 2008). The physical and bursting strength of knitted fabrics. As
mechanical properties of knitted fabrics are R.A.M. Abd El-Hady and R.A.A. Abd El-
very important in many ways. Among these Baky (2015) reporting their finding, bursting
properties, the bursting strength is extremely strength revealed that the effect of knit
important. Bursting strength is the force that structure is highly significant in produced
must be exerted perpendicularly to the fabric fabrics. Fleece fabrics have weaker bursting
surface to break off fabric (Serin Mavruz, R. strength performance compared with plush
fabrics due to the tuck and miss loop in containing derivatives. The structures with
these structures. That higher tuck loop the higher thickness (Figure 1, Sample No.3)
presence decreases the bursting strength; have the higher bursting strength properties
Miss loop also reduces the bursting strength for both fleece and plush fabrics. This is
but bursting strength of miss loop containing most probably due not only to thickness, but
derivatives is higher than tuck loop also to stitches density.
Figure 1: Bursting Strength (Kg.f/cm2) For Produced Samples
The number and position of tuck stitch has in one knit structure is different from the
an effect on the bursting strength of knitted other. Similarly the position of each tuck
fabrics. S. Uyanik et al (2016) reported the stitch is different one from the other. This
effect of number and location of tuck stitch leads to the variation in the bursting strength
by investigating twelve samples. As shown of knitted fabrics.
in Table 1, the number of tuck stitches found
Table 1: Pattern properties and needle diagrams of samples.(source; Uyanik et al, 2016)
As S. Uyanik et al (2016) described the and location of tuck stitches on the bursting
number and locations of tuck stitches of the strength of the fabrics, a graph was drawn,
sample knitted fabrics are different from in Figure 2.
each other. To see the effect of the number
Figure 2: Bursting strength of gray fabrics according to the number and location of tuck stitches.
(Source: Uyanik et al, 2016)
According to Figure 2 the bursting strength increasing number of tuck stitches, the width
of the sample knitted fabrics changes of the fabric increases and the slackness of
between approximately 363 to 774 kPa. S. the structure grow. Therefore the bursting
Uyanik et al (2016) conclude that the strength of sample 6 is lower than the others.
bursting strength degree of the sample
In the honeycomb patterns, which have
knitted fabrics, the values and patterns are
zigzag structures, the tightness of the fabric
evaluated together. Sample 1 is plain fabric
is high. Bursting strength values of the
and has no tuck stitch. The bursting strength
honeycomb patterned fabrics are high too,
of this sample is presented as a control
but in these patterns the loops come together
group. As seen from Figure 3, the bursting
lengthwise, and while the length of the
strength of samples 3, 5 and 6 are lower than
fabric decreases, the width of the fabric
the others. The pattern designs of tuck
increases. Therefore in these patterns the
stitches in these samples are not zigzag.
fabric does not pick up as the other zigzag
When the location of tuck stitches are not in
structured fabrics. The difference is seen
a zigzag form, the fabric will not pick up
clearly in numbered samples 4 and 7.
very much; in other words the loops inside
Although their repeat is the same, in sample
the fabrics do not come together very much.
7 there are five tuck stitches over one
Then the tightness of the structure is low,
needle; while there are four tuck stitches in
and hence the resistances of the fabrics to air
samples 4 (see Table 1). As a result, sample
pressure decreased and the bursting strength
7 expands widthwise more than sample 4,
of these samples is low. Especially with an
and the toughness of the sample decreases; Nergiz Emirhanova, Yasemin Kavusturan
therefore the bursting strength of sample 7 is (2008), investigating the effect of knit
lower than that of sample 4. structures on bursting strength of washed
knitted fabrics. As shown in Figure 3, the
In the samples with a zigzag structure whose
results of their investigation for bursting
repeats in the lengthwise and widthwise
strength revealed that the effect of knit
direction are short, the fabrics are extremely
structure is highly significant in washed
tough due to the effect of tuck stitches,
fabrics. Moss stitch and half cardigan fabrics
which increases the bursting strength of the
have weaker bursting strength performance.
fabrics. The bursting strength values of
Half Milano, links-links and plain fabrics
samples 8, 9, 10, 11 and 12 are very close to
have the strongest bursting strength
that of sample 1, namely single jersey fabric,
performance (Figure 3).
and notably high. The reason for this
situation is the toughness of these samples.
The number of tuck stitches of samples 11
and 12 are the same, but the burst- ing
strength value of sample 12 is higher than
that of sample 11. In sample 12, tuck
stitches are formed over adjacent needles
and tuck stitches transformed to float the
loop form at the same time. This float be- Figure 3: Effects of knit structure on
haves like a reinforcement in this sample; bursting strength for washed fabrics
(Source: Nergiz Emirhanova, Yasemin
thus the bursting strength value of sample 12 Kavusturan 2008)
increases.
Nagwa Ali Abou Nassif (2013), showed the
In samples 11 and 10, the bursting strength relationship between knit structures and
value of sample 10 is higher than that of bursting strength of the knitted fabrics
sample 11. The tuck stitches are over during his study on the effects of machine
adjacent needles in both of the two samples, gauge and some knit structures on the
but the number of tuck stitches of sample 10 physical properties of weft knitted fabrics.
is higher than that of sample 11, and hence The statistical analysis listed in table 3
there is a difference be- tween two samples. revealed that knit structure and knitting
machine gauge have a significant effect on
the knitted fabric bursting strength at
0.01significance level. From figure 4 it is
shown that machine gauge has a positive
influence on knitted fabric bursting strength.
An increasing trend is detected, assuring that
as the machine gauge increases the bursting
strength of the knitted fabrics increases. It is
also shown that there is significant
Figure 4: Effect of knitting machine gauge
difference between the fabric structures in on knitted fabric Bursting strength for
relation to its bursting strength. The bursting different knit structures (Source: Nagwa Ali
Abou Nassif, 2013)
strength of the knitted fabrics was found to
Table 2: Effect of knit structures and
have the following order: Single jersey ˃
machine gauge on bursting strength of
Rib ˃ Interlock. knitted fabrics (ANOVA).
Sour SS D MS F P- F-crit
Nagwa Ali Abou Nassif (2013) gives the
ce of F value
method to predict the bursting strength of
varia
the different knitted fabrics at the different
tion
levels of knitting machine gauges, by using
Knit 18 2 9 10 0.02 6.94
the following regression models:
struc .8 4414 4276
Bursting strength, bar (for single jersey) = ture
5× gauge +20 Mac 140. 2 70.3 84 0.00 6.94
Bursting strength, bar (for Rib) = hine 6667 333 .4 0536 4276
4× gauge +19 Gau
Bursting strength, bar (for Interlock) = ge
5.5 × gauge +16 Error 3.33 4 0.83
He found the coefficient of determination 33 33
values for these models 1, 1 and 0.97 for Total 162 8
single jersey, rib and interlock structures
respectively.
Md. Azharul Islam (2014), Effect of Tuck Single jersey 90 77
Loops on Bursting Strength: Table 3, table 4 Single Pique 72 61
and Fig 5, Fig 6 shows that bursting strength Double Pique 61 49
of pique design is lower than lacoste Table 4: Bursting strength of lacoste fabrics
structure. In case of pique fabric [Table 3 & (Source: Md. Azharul Islam, 2014)
Fig 5], it was observed that with the Fabric Type Bursting Strength(PSI)
increasing of tuck loops bursting strength Grey Finish
decreases. Grey and finish bursting strength Single jersey 90 77
of single pique (72 & 61 PSI) was found Single 77 60
higher than double pique (61 & 49 PSI). Lacoste
Same result was found for lacoste fabrics; Double 71 56
with the increasing of tuck loops bursting Lacoste
strength decreases where single lacoste grey
and finish bursting strength (77 & 60 PSI)
was higher than double lacoste (71 & 56
PSI) [Table 4 & Fig 6]. On other hand, Grey
and finish bursting strength of double pique
was 61 and 49 in PSI whereas bursting
strength of double lacoste design was 71 and
66 PSI. It means all knit course insertion on
double pique design increases the bursting Figure 5: Bursting strength of pique fabrics
strength. For all structures finish bursting
strength was lower than grey bursting
strength. It was also observed that
involvedness of tuck loops decreases the
bursting strength.
Table 3: Bursting strength of pique fabrics
(Source: Md. Azharul Islam, 2014)
Fabric Type Bursting Strength(PSI) Figure 5: Bursting strength of lacoste fabrics
Grey Finish Effect of Miss Loops on Bursting Strength:
Table 5, table 6 and Fig 7, Fig 8 indicates
that after finishing bursting strength miss
decreases for every observation. But the Table 6: Bursting strength of locknit fabrics
decrement of bursting strength in case of Fabric Type Bursting Strength(PSI)
cross miss design is higher than locknit Grey Finish
designs. Increasing of miss loops also Single jersey 90 77
reduces the bursting strength because single Single locknit 80 72
cross miss design shows the grey strength Double 74 64
and finish strength as 73 and 63 PSI where locknit
double cross miss design shows 66 and 55
PSI (Table 5 & Fig 7). Same result found for
locknit designs where single locknit designs
shows 80 and 72 PSI in grey and finish state
and double locknit shows 74 and 64 PSI
[Table 6 & Fig 8]. It can be also discussed
that locknit designs have more bursting
strength than cross miss designs. It means
that all knit course insertion in cross miss
Figure 7: Bursting strength of cross miss
designs increases the bursting strength of the
fabrics
fabrics.
Table 5: Bursting strength of cross miss
fabrics
Fabric Type Bursting Strength(PSI)
Grey Finish
Single jersey 90 77
Single cross 73 63
miss
Double cross 66 55 Figure 6: Bursting strength of locknit fabrics
Conclusions review we can understand that bursting
strengths of knitted fabrics are significantly
Bursting strength of different knitted fabrics
dependent on fabric structures, fiber types
is dependent up on different factors. In this
and blends as well as yarns. These factors
are the main factors in which bursting Engineering and Technology,
strength of knitted fabrics is dependent. Volume: 03 Issue: 02, 2014.
Muhammet Akaydina, Characteristics of
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