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Lab 9

The document describes the working principles of an absorption refrigerator. It uses two coolants - one that performs evaporative cooling and is then absorbed into the second coolant. Heat is required to reset the coolants to their initial states. Unlike vapor compression refrigerators, absorption refrigerators have no moving parts besides the coolants and can be powered by heat sources like solar, waste heat or propane. It works by using an absorber, generator, pump and reducing valve to replace the functions of a compressor. The refrigerant, usually ammonia or water, is absorbed and desorbed from an aqua solution to produce cooling without electricity. Absorption refrigerators are commonly used in RVs and campers that run on

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53 views5 pages

Lab 9

The document describes the working principles of an absorption refrigerator. It uses two coolants - one that performs evaporative cooling and is then absorbed into the second coolant. Heat is required to reset the coolants to their initial states. Unlike vapor compression refrigerators, absorption refrigerators have no moving parts besides the coolants and can be powered by heat sources like solar, waste heat or propane. It works by using an absorber, generator, pump and reducing valve to replace the functions of a compressor. The refrigerant, usually ammonia or water, is absorbed and desorbed from an aqua solution to produce cooling without electricity. Absorption refrigerators are commonly used in RVs and campers that run on

Uploaded by

axe fury
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

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Experiment No 9

Objective:

Absorption Refrigerator

Vapor absorption cycle:


The vapor absorption refrigeration system comprises of all the processes
in the vapor compression refrigeration system like compression, condensation, expansion and
evaporation. In the vapor absorption system the refrigerant used is ammonia, water or lithium
bromide. The refrigerant gets condensed in the condenser and it gets evaporated in the
evaporator. The refrigerant produces cooling effect in the evaporator and releases the heat to the
atmosphere via the condenser.

Principle:
The Clausius statement:

“It is impossible to construct a device which operates on a cycle and produces no other effect
than the transfer of heat from a cooler body to a hotter body.”

Absorption Refrigerator:
An absorption refrigerator is a refrigerator that uses a heat source
(e.g., solar energy, a fossil-fueled flame, waste heat from factories, or district heating systems) to
provide the energy needed to drive the cooling process. The system uses two coolants, the first of
which performs evaporative cooling and is then absorbed into the second coolant; heat is needed
to reset the two coolants to their initial states. The principle can also be used to air-
condition buildings using the waste heat from a gas turbine or water heater. Using waste heat
from a gas turbine makes the turbine very efficient because it first produces electricity, then hot
water, and finally, air-conditioning—trigeneration. Absorption refrigerators are commonly used
in recreational vehicles (RVs), campers, and caravans because they can be powered with propane
fuel, rather than electricity. Unlike more common vapor-compression refrigeration systems, an
absorption refrigerator can be produced with no moving parts other than the coolants.

Diagram:
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Thermocouple points of refrigerator:

 T1 Boiler/separator
 T2 Ammonia condenser inlet
 T3 Ammonia condenser outlet
 T4 Evaporator surface(internal)
 T5 Evaporator Outlet
 T6 Absorber outlet
 T7 Absorber inlet
 T8 Absorber reservoir outlet
 T9 Evaporator chamber
 T10 Inlet to boiler
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Working:
Working of Simple Vapor absorption system: A Simple Vapor absorption system
consists of evaporator, absorber, generator, condenser, expansion valve, pump & reducing valve.
In this system ammonia is used as refrigerant and solution is used is aqua ammonia. Strong
solution of aqua ammonia contains as much as ammonia as it can and weak solution contains less
ammonia. The compressor of vapor compressor system is replaced by an absorber, generator,
reducing valve and pump. The heat flow in the system at generator, and work is supplied to
pump. Ammonia vapors coming out of evaporator are drawn in absorber. The weak solution
containing very little ammonia is spread in absorber. The weak solution absorbs ammonia and
gets converted into strong solution. This strong solution from absorber is pumped into generator.
The addition of heat liberates ammonia vapor and solution gets converted into weak solution.
The released vapor is passed to condenser and weak solution to absorber through a reducing
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valve. Thus, the function of a compressor is done by absorber, a generator, pump and reducing
valve. The simple vapor compressor system is used where there is scarcity of Electricity and it is
very useful at partial and full load.

Diagram:

Applications:
Absorption refrigerators are commonly used in recreational vehicles (RVs),
campers, and caravans because they can be powered with propane fuel, rather than electricity.

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