Supply Pipes
Public Mains
Communication Pipe
Consumers Pipe
Distribution Pipe
Note: Above all are called service pipes
Public Mains:
-This are pipes laid by water authority & its their responsibility.
-We should make the known of pressure in Mains pipe & our connection point (Residual Head).
-Mostly laid under Public Roads.
Communication Pipe:
-This is the pipe from Public mains to the private premises water meter.
-Stop cock & meter of same size that of pipe are to be fitted on this pipe.
-In India its size should not be less than than 20mm &
more 50mm.
-This pipes are laid by authority & Authority have exclusive control over it.
-Actually It is part of service pipe.
Consumer pipes:
-In India this is the pipe from water meter to UGT or OHT and/or to kitchen tap.
-In developed countries this pipes are allowed for direct supply system.
-Where there is 24/7 water supply with enough pressure in mains, Direct Supply system can be
installed.
-It is not the property of Authority.
Distribution pipes:
-In India this are all Pipes from OHT or UGT (booster pump) to the point of use.
-These pipes include
Headers
Branches
Pipe to point of use
Pipe material:
a) Cast iron, vertically cast or centrifugally (spun) cast
b) Steel (internally lined or coated with bitumen or a bituminous composition, and out-coated
with cement concrete or mortar, where necessary)
c) Ductile iron, internally lined
d) Reinforced concrete
e) Prestressed concrete
f) Galvanized mild steel tubes
g) Copper
h) Brass
j) Wrought iron
k) Stainless steel
m) Polyethylene
n) Unplasticized PVC (UPVC)
p) Chlorinated PVC (CPVC)
q) Polypropylene-random copolymer (PPR)
r) Composite pipes (PE-AL-PE) or any other combination;
s) Cross-linked polyethylene (PEX)
t) Polybutylene pipe.
In current practice, pipe size are defined with two sets of number:
1) Pipe bore/nominal diameter /Nominal Size (NPS, NB,DN)
2) Pipe schedule /SDR
Pipe Size is defined in 3 terms:
Pipe Size Specified in Nominal Pipe Size (NPS) or Nominal Bore (NB) or Diameter Nominal
(DN)
All above 3 are same
Most common pipe size standards being used:
• American standard (NPS)
• European standard (NB)
Nominal Pipe Size (NPS):
Defines the size of pipe
NPS unit is in inches
1/8” to 12” pipe sizes NPS is neither OD nor ID, NPS lies between OD & ID
Above 14” pipe size OD is same as NPS
This is the European equivalent of NB & DN.
Nominal Bore (NB):
It is the European designation.
Unit is mm
50NB=50mm
This is the European equivalent
of NPS & DN.
Diameter Nominal:
It is international Designation.
DN(mm)=25 X NPS (inches)
This is the German equivalent
of NPS & NB.
Schedule Number (SCH):
Pipe schedule refers to the of the wall thickness of the pipe.
The schedule number combines wall thickness and diameter of the pipe.
A higher SCH means, a higher pipe thickness with higher pressure rating, A lower SCH
means, a less pipe thickness with lower pressure rating.
For particular pipe (ex. 25mm)Wall thickness varies with schedule but outer diameter
remains constant & Inner diameter changes.
Commonly used SCH- 5, 10, 20, 30, 40, 60, 80, 100, 120, 140 & 160.
The original intent was that each schedule would relate to a given pressure rating; however,
the numbers deviated so far from wall thicknesses in common use that this original intent
could not be accomplished
50mm 50mm 50mm
Standard Dimension Ratio (SDR):
SDR is a method for rating pressure pipe.
SDR= D/ S=OD/Wall thickness (all in mm)
A higher SDR means, a lesser pipe thickness with a lesser pressure rating, A lower SDR
means, a higher pipe thickness with lower pressure rating.
Pipe sizes & thickness:
CPVC: SDR 11 & SDR 13.5:
Application: SDR 11: concealed + exposed CW supply pipes / concealed + exposed HW
supply pipes
CPVC: SCH 40 & SCH 80:
Application: SCH 80: exposed HW supply pipes
UPVC: SCH 40 & SCH 80:
SCH 40: As per ASTM D1785 standards & specifications
SCH 80: As per ASTM D1785 standards & specifications
Application: exposed CW supply pipes
Notes:
ASME B36.10M-Wrought steel pipe-SCH 5/10/20/30/40/60/80/100/120/140/160
ASME B10.39-stainless steel-SCH 5S/10S/.......
API-5L (Petrolium)
ream colour PVC pipes are for HOT & white colour for cold water supply
CPVC, UPVC & PPR are most commonly used water supply pipes.
