Designation: E84 15a Standard Test Method for Surface Burning Characteristics of Building Materials’ Saha inieac no Ste ih pro Neckar soso oe ‘nat on ped fy ome oft 5 pment if 1. Scope 1.1 This fetestresponse standart for the comparative surface burning behavior oF building materials is apical 10 exposed surface uch as Walls an ceilings, The lst is conducted with the specimen inthe esiling postion withthe surfice (o be evaluated exposed face dowa 10 the ignition source. The material, product, or assembly sll be capable of being mounted inthe test postion during the st. Thus. the specimen shal eiher te self-supporting by its own structural quality, heldin place by added supports along the test surface, fr sccured fromthe back side 1.2 The pupose of this test method is uo determine the telative buming behavior of the mateia by observing the fame spread along the specimen. Flame spread and sinoke developed inden ate epored. However, ere is at necessarily relationship between these two measurements. 1.3 The use of supporting materials onthe underside of the test specimen has the ability wo lower the Name spread index from those which might be obined if he specimen could be tested without such suppor. These est results do not nes. sarily relate to indices obined by lesting materials witout such support 1.4 Testing of materials that melt, drip, o¢ delaminato 10 sca degres that dhe contimly ofthe ame fom is Jestoyed resuls in ow fame spread indices that Jo not relate iret 10 injces obtained by esting materials that remain in place. 1.5 The values stated in inch- pound unis ae tobe regarded as standard. The valcs given in parentheses are mathematical conversions io ST units that are provided fo information only fan a not considered standard, 1 The text ofthis standard references noes and finales that provide explanatory information. These notes and oon, excusing thos in tables and Figures, shall not he considered as requirements of the stadt "Ehsan ps ge, nay 2 gp 1.7 This standard is used 10 measure and describe the response of materials producs, or assembles 10 heat and flame ander” controlled condiions, but does not by itself incorporate all facors required for fve-bacard or f-risk fssestment of the mater, products, or assemblies wader ‘actual fe conditions TH This standard does nat purport to address al of the safety concerns, sf any, associated wi as ase. Me the ‘responsibilty ofthe aser ofthis standard to extalich app Priate safety and health practices aad determine the api Diy of regulatory lintaions prior 10 ase 19 ‘Fire testing is inherenty hacardows. Adequate safe wards for personnel and propery shall be employed in Conducting these 1s 2, Referenced Documents 21 ASTM Standards:? ‘A300 Specification for Zinc-Coated (Galvanized) Stee! Peouly Fence Fabric (Hexagonal and Straight Linc) C1186 Specification for Flat FiberCement Shces| (C1288 Specification for Discrete Non-Asbestos.Fiber- ‘Cement Interior Substrate Shes [D412 Test Methods for Dict Mosstre Content Meastre- ‘ment of Wood an Wood-fased Matenals 4144 Test Method for Laortory Standardization and Calibeation of Hand-Held Moistre Mctrs 169"Test Method for Combustible Properties of Teeated "Wows! hy the Fie“Tube Apprats E16n'Test Method for Comtustible Proponies of Treated ‘Wood by the Cid Test E162 Test Method for Surface Flammability oF Materials Using a Radiant Heat Encrey Source E176 Terminology of Fire Siandards EXKG Test Method for Surface Flammability of Building Materials Using an 81 2.44-m) Tunnel Furnace (With awn 1991)" ssa AS nuns See sonminny a! BkGy c04 150 EM231 Practice for Specimen Preparation an Mounting of Pipe and Duct Insulation Materials o Assess Surface Burning Characteristics E2404 Practice for Specimen Preparation and Mounting of Teable, Paper or Polymeric (Including Vinyl) and Wood Wall o Ceiling Coverings, Facings and Vencers, to Assess Surface Burning Characteristics £2573 Practice or Specimen Preparation and Mounting of Sie-Fabicaied Stich Systeme to Astese Surface Hirn- tng Characteristics [E25TY Practice for Specimen Preparation and Mounting of ‘Woe Proc to Asses Surface Burning Characteristics 12500 Practice for Specimen Preparation and Mounting of Reflective Insulation, Radiant Rarice and Vinyl Sich Coiling. Materials for Building Applications to Assess Surface Burning Characteristics 12688 Practice for Specimen Preparation ant Mounting of Tapos to Assase Surface Burning Characteristics E2690 Practice for Specimen Preparation ant Mounting of Cus and Sealants to Assess Surface Burning Chara E768 Test Method for Exlended Duration Surface Burning Characteristics of Building Materials 30 min Tunnel Test) E2988 Practice for Specimen Preparation an Mounting of exible Filrous Glas Insulation for Metal Buildings to Assess Surface Burning Characteristics 2.2 NFPA Standacs:* [NFPA 282 Standard Method of Test for Flame Travol and Smoke of Wires and Cables for Use in Air Hating Spaces (2007) 2.5 UL Standanis? UL. 1820 Standart foe Safty foe Fie Test of Paoumatic “Tubing for Flame and Smoke Characteristics (2004) UL IKK? Standard for Fire Tet of Plastic Sprinkle Pipe for Visible Flame and Smoke Chicacteistice (2008) UL 2024 Standard for Salty foe Optial Fiber and Comm fication Cable Raceway (2004) 3. Terminology 34 Denon: [S11 For defintion of rms used inthis test method refer (o Terminclogy E176. The term tame spread index trom ‘Terminology E176 sof particular interest to ths standard and is defined in 3.12, 3112 flame spread index, na number or classification indicaing a comparative measure derived frm observations ‘node dating the progress of the Houndary of 2 zone of ame under dein test conditions. Definitions of Terms Speci to This Sardar: 321 smoke developed index, »—a aunber or classification indicating @ comparative measure derived from smoke dbseu- ration data collected during the test for surface burning characteristics. ime Uae abr 35 Png Hd Note 3.22 surface fame spread, athe propagation of a fave avay fiom the Source of ignition seross the surface of the Specimen 4. Significance and Use 4.1 This test method is intended to provide only compara live measuremets of surface fame spread and smoke density measurements with that of select gre red uk and fiber ‘erent board surfaces under the specific fre exposure cond tions desis herein 42 This text method exposes nominal 24-1 (1.32-m) long by 204, (508-mm) wide specimen to a controled ait flow and Naming fie expose atused to spread the flame alone the ‘emir length ofthe select grade red oak specimen in 518 mi, 43 This test method doce not provide for the follwing: 423.1 Measuroment of heat transmission through the tstod surface 43.2 The effect of aggrivated flame spread behavior of an assembly cesltng from the proximity of combusibie walls and ceilings 433 Classifying or defining a material as noncombustible, by means of a fame spread index by itself 5 Apparatus Fite test Chamber—See Figs 1-5. 5.11 The fr test chambor isa ectangilar horronal duct witha removable i. The inside dimonsions ar a Follows: Wor: 1744 hin ot «62 em masa cones me Ep ian og aes eS Se eee a RGR betel ew GS nme es ape gue kegs Mel tae remey 5.1.2 The sides and hase ofthe chamber shal be ind with ‘an insulating frebeick withthe dimensions of 4 V2 i. by 9 in, by 2 in thick as ustratd in Fig. 2. The insulating febrick sfall have the folowing properties: aumsn sonnets eaprcase 507 342) \e77 0018909) "Tt comncnty aon gern ay at cuneate wmee seve ened on fone er oe sane eis) oi oor F080) OP 5.13 One id of the clamber shall be provided with double ‘observation windows" withthe imide pane Dush mounted (se Fig. 2) Exposed inside glass sll be 2% Se by 114 1.2 in. (90 = 10 by 279 4 25 — 50 mm). The centedine of the ‘exposed area of te inside glass shall be in the upper hall of the Furnace wal, withthe upper edge nt less than 25 in. (63 sum) helo the furnace ledge The window shall be located such that ot fess than 12 in. (305 mm) ofthe specimen width can be ‘observed. Malliple windows shall be locaed along th tunel tae mgt, 10 om a ek a stander none in ved aiy e215 REMOVASLETOP LID AIR VELOCITY PORT wre Tara aii BSEUin 7622 ienm Be ‘mm stain asm U7 mm ahem em ashisiin 396m= 27mm wie iian Famaiei mm Aniiain” Fomis9 mm ah. aa ast bim 2s2ma7e2nm FG. Teet Furnace, Showing Some Critical Dimensions (Not a Conairuction Orang) 0 tha he entre length ofthe test sample is observable from ‘outside the fie char. The windows shal be pressure ight fn accordance with 72 and 7.2L 5.14 The ledges sal be fabricated of structural materia? capable of withstanding the abuse of continuous testing. The edges shal be level with respect to the length and wid ofthe chamber and each other. The fedges shall be maintained in a Soe of ropa commonsirae with the frequency, volume, and sevey of esting occuring at anytime BLS Lid 5.5.1 Tho fd shal consist oF a removable noncombustible ‘metal and mineral composiesiructure as showa in Fig. 2 and of a size necessary to cover completly the fre test chamber fant the tes samples. The lid shall bo maintained nan Uuavarpod aad Mt condition, When in place, the Id shall be completly sealed to prevent air leakage into the ie ust chamber daring he test S.52 Tho ld shal be insulated wih a minal thickness of 2 in. (SL mm) casable isolation or mineral composite ‘mali having physical characterises comparable 1 the allowing: ‘roma covey tow mF Seower ewan (aora itor) ‘tare 5.1.5.3 The cai lid assembly shall he prose with fla ction of nominal Yin. (6 +m) fibersement Board mict= Ing the peperies of Annex A. Tis pescctive boon shall he "igh eer ace nr acon ss wae ‘maintained in sound condition though continued seplacement, “The protective band wo he secure to the Trace a place ‘on the back side of the test specimen, 5.1.6 Gar Burners: 5.1.6.1 One end ofthe test chamber shall he designated 35 tho "Te end”, This fre end shall he provided with Wo ga Tuners delivering Names upward sin he sac of he es sample (se Fig, 2. The rars shall spaced 12 in. 30S mm) from the fe end oF the tet chamber, snd 715 = 15 in (190 = 13 mm) Below the undersurface of tho test sample. Gas to the burners shall be provided through a single inlet pie, fired each pom mer through ate section, Te ott shall bea ¥4 in, NPT elbow. The plane of the port shall he ‘parllel 10 the Tarmace floor, sich that the ens is decd upward toward the specimen. Fach port shall be positioned ‘vith is cenatin 4 = Yn (102 = 13 mm) on cach side of tho cemtrine of the formic so thatthe lame i dstated ‘evenly over the wish OF the exposed specimen siface (800 Fie.) 5.1.62 The contols used lo assure constant flow of gs 9 the burners during peiod of use shall consist of a pressure regulaor, a gas meter constructed to read in incremeats of not ‘more thin 01 (2.8L), a manometer o indica es pressure in inches of water, a quick acting gas shutoff valve, anda gas metering valve. S17 Air Ida: S.L7A Am at inte shutter shall be losated = 5 in (1372 = 127 mm) upsieam of the bamer, a8 Meise from tho hur cetetine tothe outside saracs of tho shuter (xe Fig. 1h The ai inake (oe fided witha Nerieally sliding shuter extending the ene wid of the test chamber. TheMINERAL COMPOSITE (etter cana) MONROE LID AsseHB.Y cc EF castame nsuarion SPARED META, ra. FBERGLSS Tape z| Caseevaron a TAnioasicxerrsows 7 3) mare ‘WATER COOLED A ol ‘seu pAeeesing q Qari i fg naso nee facecthi sasaalne mor Tee vag. saoglate AL Tau ane sus oes ae, BEES hm poains s Yorke | item wi Whe ge Be FIG.2 Test Furnace Showing Cia! mension (Nota Construction Oawing) hte shall he position so as to provide a ial por 3 ‘a. (16 +2.) high measure rom the foe evel ofthe test chamfer atthe sie intake pon 5.172 To provide air turulance for proper combustion, turhulance hating sal be provided hy posoning sk rrr {ory froricks a define in 5.12) along the sido walls ofthe chamher. With the long dimension vertical 413 i. (114-mm) ‘imension aloe tho wall, pace the Picks 2 Follows from the comertin of the hurnee pos 5.173 The movement of aic shall he by an inducod deat system having a ola daft capscity of a least 0.15 in. 3 ‘mm) water column with the sample tn place, the shutter athe fire end epon the normal 3 = Yi in. (76 = 2mm), andthe damper in the wide open position. A daft gage tap to indicate ‘Sai pressu shall Pe insted thr the tp athe mith fthetinael, | © 05 in. QS = [2 mm) Below the cling, 1S 055 in, 381 = 12 mm) downstream from the inet shutor ee Fe. D, SA Exhaust En 5.13.1 The other end of the test chamber is designates the exh end The exhatst end sil he ited with» gral ‘ectangulaetoround transition pie, aot xs than 20 9. (S08 fm) in long, witha cros-sctonal ara of nfs than 200, in? (1290 ear) at any point (see Fig 3). 5.182 The tramsition piece shall a tun he fie to 2 16 (406 mum) diameter duct pipe. A typical duc system show in Fig. 4 conains two 90° elbows (30 Fig, 5) with tho exhaust des running Desde the fie test chamfer. Tn oder to complyra: ciefootads ioe | atin itil AS REQUIRED 174 8 8" TS REQUIRED Taase Ti AS REQUIRED FIG. 3 Typical Exhauet End Tanetion (ot a Conetuction rowing) with this typical design, the vertical cenefine of dhe exhaust duet system identical wo that ofthe fie test chamber ‘5.8.3 The exhaust duet io be insulted wih at east 2a (61 mm) of bigh temperature mineral composition mates From the exhaust end of the ie chamber to the photometer location ‘S1L8-4 An exhaust fan sll be inal at the emd of the exhaust duct, The ar low stall be contlled as spied in SL SLRS An allemative exhaust dict layout design shall demonstrate qivaleney by mesting the requirements spect Fd in Scton 7, 5.19 PhouometerSysem: S.L9.1 A photometer system consisting of a white Reh source and poco shal be mounted on a horizontal ston ofthe 16-in,C406-mm) dametce vent pipe at & pin wher it wil be precede by a tai run of pipe (a east 12 dameters ‘oF IGT1UARR mand pot more than 30 amers or 40 (12.19, ') from tho vent end of ths chamber, and wih tho Fgh Dear icciod upward along the veteal axis ofthe ven pipe. The ‘ea pipe salle insula wih at Feat 2a. «31 mm) of high-temperature mineral composition materia, fom the vent {end ofthe chamber to the photometer location. The output of the photoelectric cells propetional to the smoke, particule and. other effuent passing between the light source and thotocell. Te distance fetween the Fight source fens and tho Phococll fens shall be 36 = 4 in, (O14 = 102 mm). Tho ‘ylindrca ight hea shall pas through 3 in, 76-mim diam ler openings atthe top and hotiom ofthe 16-n. ameter duct, with the resutant Hight eam centered on the photcel, 5.4.92 Linearity ofthe photometer system shall be verified pesiodicaly by inerrupting the fight beam with caffra eu densi fiers. The files shall eover dhe full range of the receding isiument, Tansitance values measured by the poometer. using neural deasity fers, shall be within 1£34% ofthe calibra Value For ach filter, 5.1.10 Draft Regulating DeviceGp e4—150 16 MINIM m=O INGHLPOUND UNITS SLUNITS 16in 4064 mm Din. 018mm Se 152m on 183m 16-40". 488-122m FIG. Plan Vow yplal Duet Syatom (Nata Canetrucbon ‘rawr 5.1.10.1 Amaitomatically controled damper oeeglat he kat pressure shall be asta nthe Yet pipe downstream of the smoke indicating attachment. The damper stall be pro- vided with a manual override. 5.1102 Other manual or automatic daft cgdation evices, or both, ate allowed to be incorporate! to Belp ‘maintain fan characterization and sisiow cone topo the tos, S.LI1 Thermoconples: SIL ANo. 18 Awg (.02-mm thermocouple, with Y= ein. (05 © 32 mum) of the junction expose i the ae, sh he insred through the floor f the test chambeso thal te tip is 1 Ye in. 254 © 08 mm) below the tp surace of the ‘gaskoting tape and 23 k= V4 in (7.0m 18 mm from the onterine ofthe burmer ports atthe center of is width 5.1112 Two No. 18 Awe (1.02 mm) dhemocouples are ‘embedded below the Noor surface ofthe test chamber, These thermocouples shall te mounled at distances of 13 I= Vin 3.96 m2 13 mm) and 23 Ve tk + in 7.09 m+ 13 mm) ‘measured from the centerfine ofthe burner pots. The thermo couples shall be inseried from below the fire lest chamber through the irebrick uni he tip of the thermocouple is Ye = oeta. 2-08 mm) below the oor surface The ip of the theemocouples shall be covered with refractory or portland ‘coment, carefully diced to avoid cracking, 6, Test Specimens 6.1 Specimens shall be epresntalive ofthe materials which the testis inlended to examine. The report shall include information onthe composition cede or Wentiication of the test specimen as described in 11.1.1 {62 The specimen shall be provided in ome of two ways (1) a coninsoas, unbroken Keng: (2) sections that wil e joined ‘rbd end 0-end. 63 The sae of dhe test specimen shall be: Width: between 20 and 24 in. (08 and 610 mm) Longin: 2411+ 12 in. — 6 in “Thickness: maximum 4 a, (101 mi Nore Ihe test apa saot despa forest teks {Tn svoapshe vou) aca: oe et pytaan ‘mak an agi sea and) to nouctoe, wual sadn Eitoreme asd als Sand choc pesr en? ‘ar aa) wal pucally ¥zy oan fous oe ene Se 63.1 The test specimen shall aot be required Yo conform to the est specimen Teng and width described im 63 when the mate complies with 621.1 ~ 63.1. fawn geese ent with ny ee ee Cain oh rh ig pew anced 63.11 Materials for which ther is a standard practice to address specimen preparation and. mounting with this test ‘method sal be festa dese in the sppopiste stands practice (see 68)gree DINETER! '[or INSIDE DIAMETER! Ine-Pound Units i6in. Bin. 1910. sLUnits 406.4 mm 203.2 mm, 482.6 mm FIG. 5 Typieal Duet Elbow (Nota Construction Drowing} 6341.2 Adhesives and wim shall be permed tobe tested in ‘he wid o ength, o both specified in heir stings, as pat of ter condtins for being labeled. by anatinally recognized testing laboratory (LS Materials and prodcts fo which there is specific test method or application standard requiring the use of the pparatus descrine in Section 5 shal ie permite tobe teste ‘im accordance with that specie test md or application Stondard (sce Appendix X3) 6A The test specimen shall be conditioned to 2 constant weigh at a temperature of 734 2 S23 + 28°C) and ata relive humidity of 50 © 5%. 65 The upsream end of de fe test camber sal beled widh a Hl 4 in, G56 = 3 mm) length of uncoated 16-guage (0.053 to 0060 ia.) see plate positioned on the specimen mounting ledge infront of and under the leading fle ofthe specimen. 6.6 When the overall edt ofthe est specimen exceeds 4 4, 7.32 a, but one end of the test specimen against the exhaust end ofthe fire test chamber and comtnue the instal tion of the specimen toward the gas burt 1:7 Whom th overall length ofthe test spocimen is 24 (7.32 m) o¢ less, provide a | in, 25 mm) overlay of the soot plate atthe upstream end wth one end ofthe test specimen and ontinuo the instalation oF tho specimen toward tho exhaust on (68 In ation tothe aboxe provisions, the standart prac- tees lise helo shall be used Toe specimen preparation and ‘mowing ofthe relevant ot maria. For aller prod, 2uidance on maining methods is provided in Appendtx XI E2231 for pipe and duct insulation materials, E2404 for paper, polymeric Gctuding vinyl and expanded and exile wall and ceiling covering materials, facings ‘or wood veneers intended to be applied on ste over a wood steels TEDSTS for silefabicate srtch systems E2579 for the fllowing wood products: solid. boord, lumer and timer products including solid hoards, lumber tim, Hgeroined lumbc, pula, laminate Wood, lamina venece lumber and paalel stand lumber products), pagel products cluding. finreboard, hardboard, oriented Strandbcar,waferbord, and plywood pane! priv), deco- tative wood products (neluing fine woodark, millwork and ‘moulding) and shingles and shakes Used as irr wall and ‘cling nish and iterio tim ss wl a 0 laminated produc factory produced with a wood substrate 3509 for reflective insulation, radiant agree and vinyl stretch cvling materia for building application EDGSS for tapes upto and including 8 i, (203.2 mm) in ni 3600 for caulks and sealants intended to be applied upto and incloing 8 in. (2032 mum) in wi E2088 for Henle fibrous lass insulation for metal bull ings 7. Calibration 7 Place «nominal Vin, (63-mm) fiber-cement board ‘moating the properties of Annex A3 oa he lodge oF he Furace chamber, Pee the removable fi of the lst chamber ia position. 712. With the Yin. (63-mm)fhor-cemet board in psiton ‘on top of the teige of the furnace chamber and with the emavanle fi a pace, esas a draft 1 price 0.15Gp 04-150 (G.8-mm) water-columa reading oa the dealt manometer, with the fiend shller opea 3 Ye in. (76 = 15 mim), By manually setting the damper as characterization of fan performance, Then clos ant sal the Hed she, without changing the damper poston. The manometer reading stall increase 10 at feast 0.375 in. (9.53 mm), indicating that 90 excessive air akage exis, 7.2.1 In akon, conduct a supplemental leakage test ‘odically withthe tue! sealed frm de inet endo Beyond the ‘photometer sytem, by placing smoke bomb inthe chambes Fant the bomb and pressurize th chamber vo 0.375 + 0.125 in (053 © 318 mam) wate coum. Seal all pots of leakage ‘served a the form ofescping smoke partes 174 Establish a deat eating within the range 0.055 to 0.100 in. (1.40 to 24 mm) water columa. The rquied deft gape ‘cading wil be maintained teouphout the est bythe atom cally controlled damper. Record. the i velocity at seven points, 231 fom tho centerline ofthe buener ports. 6 > Yin (168 = 7 mm) below the plane of the spccimen mounting ledge. Determine these seven points by diving the width of ‘the pel into seven equal actions ana ecoeing tho velocity atthe geomarcal conte of each section. Daring the meas ‘ment of velocity remove the urbulence bricks (see 4.3) and the exposed 23-4 themnocouple and place 24, (670mm) long Straightening vanes beiveen 16 and 18 1 (488 and 5.49 m) fiom he bummer. The srightening vanes shall divide dhe Fucnace eros section ito ine uniform sections. Determine elociy with furnace air temperature al 734 = °F (3 = 20), using a velocily transducer. The velocity, delermined as the arithmetic average of the seven reaings shall be 240 5 WR2 = Le mytnin 7311 The following altemative tothe velocity transducer equipment and method of determining the tunnel sit velocity ‘has hon foun sible: A4-in ameter low-speed rUary vane ‘anememoter, having a fesluton of I min, with an accuracy (f= 2%, js atachod othe sel Stn and placed nthe tunnel 225 fh downstream of the durnrs. Three rials shall ‘conducted and ier values averaped. The average rounded to the nearest uni. The ceaerine ofthe vane anernometer shall, be aligned withthe vertical centering ofthe tunel by placing ‘tom the tel sand Til | istun wih the vane edge 10 frm the non-window wall, Tal 2 is with the ceter axis at the ‘nme centerpoint: and Tia 3s un with dhe vane ede i, from tie window wall 714 The oom in which th est chambers cle shal ave provision for Ice illow of air daring es fo main (he room al almnphonc prssus daring the core tet ran Maintain the air supply ala temperaue of 63-80 (183-267°C) an a relaive humility of 45-60 8. 15 Supply the fue test chance wih saul (iy) or methane (bod) pat lof wie gusty wih esting ale ef asin 1 But? (373 M.A the gas ply inially st approximately S000 tu (3.3 Maun Recon the gat peste. the peters ere across the confce plate, ant the volume of pas used in cach test. tha temperature and pressr-compensatng. mass Nowe is red, eco oly the volume of Use. Uns those corrected for, when boited methane is employed, inset 8 Temath of coat copper tubing iat the gas ine etwcen the supply and metenng connection to compeasite for possible ‘res the Mo inca di to reautons in es tompera Tore associate with the pressure drop and expansion aeo3 the ‘ulate, With the draft and gas supply adjased since in 73 and 7.4, the test lame shall extend downsfeam 10.2 cistance of 45 1.1.37 m) over the specimen surface, with negligible upsteum Coverage 116 Prohest the test chamber with the Yin. (6m) finersement oar ad the removable din pace and with the fuel supply adjusted tothe required flow. Continue the prfeat ing util the temperature iniested by te Noor thermocouple at 254 1107.09 mp reaches 150 = S°F (65 = 28°C). Daring tho ‘reheat est, econ the tomperatres indicated by the thermo- ‘souple atthe Yeat ond of the ist chamber at intervals ot Tomger than 15s To. Compare dh temperature readings daring dhe preeat ‘es in 76 with hose inthe ime temperature curve in Fig 6. If they ae diesen investizae the diferences and make adjust ments as neces). while maintining caliaion sequite- 117 Allow th frnace to cot ae each est, When he flooe thermocouple at 13 1.96 m) shows a temperature of 105 = S'F (405 = 28°C), place the nxt specimen in position for 74 With the tet equipment adjusted and conitioned as sserbed in 72, 73,74 and 76, mae a esto series of ess, sing nominal ein. (/8-mm) selec-grade red ak flooring samples and samples of Yin, (mm) fitercemont boar ‘Conduct hese test in cithor one “TALI The rook docks re 10 bo construed srt cond tioned as specie in Annex AI and Annex A2. Make obser ations at distance intervals not in excess of 2 (0.6 m) and Time itevals not in excess of 305 and vovrd he time when the Dame reaches the end of dhe specimen 1914 6.94 my rom the end ofthe anion fie. The end ofthe gio fie shal be considered as being 4161. (14 m) fom dhe burrs. The Name Shall reach the end point in Sve min + 15 s. Automatically ‘ecord the temperature measured by the exposed thermecouple M20 AL (70 m) al least every 155. Automatically record the Tanger dope cwAly eo 158 rhogoolosrc cell outpat immediatly prior to the fest an at Teast every 15 s daring tho tes 7.82. Another meats of judging when the Name has reached the end point is when the exposed thermocouple al 23 17.0 reps a temperature of 80°F (327°C) 7.9 Pot the Name spread distance, temperature, ant change in photceleiric el readings forthe dation ofthe test. Figs 7-9 ao epresentative curves fr red oak fame spread sans Timetemperamre development, and. smoke density, respec lively. Plame spread distance. shall he detrmincd as the served distance minus 415 11.37 710 Condit a similar fst or txts om samples of Yin (G-mm) fiber-cement Board. These fess shall be coasiere ‘sc reprecnting an index of 0 Plo the temperate readings for the duration of tho ts. Fig. 10 a represenative curve for time-temperature development for fiter-cement hoard LUI The calibrations described in Section 7 shall be por formed aller major eps, sich ax broking, have been ‘made. If there have fen mo mojo reps, ac alibeations Sholl be conducted after 200) tests, or every 12 months ‘whichever comes frst. 712 The red oak flame spread calibration data shall be used to confi performance ingicaed in 78, tha the lame reaches the end of the specimen ata time po Fess than 9 mi 15 sand no mor than Stim 45 som the start ofthe est. Inthe event thatthe flame reaches dhe end of the specimen ouside these time limits make adjustments and rcatbate wo the correct lime is achicved TIS Add the data from the new fe ak smoke ciation to a dataset containing the last four calibrations in ore ‘maintain running average of atleast ive calibrations. This erage of smoke-developed index (SDI data shall provide the Caliation data fo be Used 10 adjust the stags for the tsuipment an Io esas ates for calculation of the SDI ‘When fer than fv calibrations nae heen performed on ew equipment, average the avaiable aumer of calibrations to chive the running average, 7 Represents Tne acs Cnne fr Fane Spe ot [ “| I J FIG. 8 Roprosentawe Time Temperature Curve tor Hea Oak Pert tty hppi te 1.9 Representative Time Absorption Cure for Smoke Density 8, Procedure 8.1. Wi the furnace draft operating place dhe vest specimen ‘on the ts chamber eds tla have been completely covered vith nominal Yin. @.2-mm) thick by Yin, Q8-mm) wide ‘woven gatkeling lage. Plce the specimen as quickly as is Practical. Place the removable top in position over the speci 82 Keop the completely mounted specimen in positon in the chamber withthe furnace draft operating for 120 15 s pice to the application ofthe test ane 83 Ignite the burner gas. Obsrve and record the distance ‘and timo of maximum fame froat travel with the. room, ‘rkentd Continue the ts. fora 10 min peri, Termination of the tet ior 10-10 min is permied if the specimen is completely consumed inthe fire area and no fuser progses sive buming i evident and the photoelecsic cell eading has ‘turned to the baseline, 4 Record the photcelciic cell ouput immeiatly prior to the test and atleast every 2s ding the test Second the as presse, he presse dfs! acrss the oie plate, andthe volime of ps usd i cach test I a temperaine- and prssir-compensiting mass flowmeter de- ‘ce is used 10 momo the gas flow, record oay the volume of bas 6 When the ts is ended, shutoff the gas supply, observe smoldering, and other conditions within the test duct, ard remove the specimen for Ture examination 87 Pot dhe Name spread distanes. temperature, and change in potoelectric cell readings for he duration of ie tes for use in determining the lame-spread and smoke developed indexes = oullined in Section 9 Flame front advancement shall be(QW) cs 150 gg 8 8 FIG. 10 Representative Time-TempertuteCuve for Fuel Contibuton of ber Cement Boat recorded a the time of occurence ora lest every 30s if no alvancemcat is noted. Flame spread distance shall be deter mined a te observed distance minis 9. Interpretation of Results OA The Name spread index (FSD shall be dhe vale detzmingd as follows, rounded tothe nearest ull of ive 9.4.1 Inploting tbe Name spread distance-ime reatonsip all progressive Taming as previously rerded shall be in ‘ded atthe Une of oveurrene, A stag fae sl be used. to comect successive points. The total area (A,) under the flame spread distanc-time plot shall he determined by ino ing any flame font recession For example, n Tag 11 the Hare spreads 101 (305 m2 ein and then cede. The arc Calcul as if the ame hac spread to 10 tin 2 min and then romaine at 10 foe the emainder ofthe test or un flame foot again passed 10 This is shown by the dashed i in Fig. 11. The aea (4) used fr calculating tbe lame spread index is dhe sum of aneas and Ay in Fig. 9.1.2 I this total area (Ay) is less than or equal to 97.5 fami, the Hare spread index shall be 0.515 times the tol area FSI=0515 Ay), ‘9.13 W the total aa (Ay) is gneter than 75 fom, the fume spread index shall he 4900, divided by the difference of 195 minus the foal aea (4). (FS1= 4900/1195 ~ A), 912 The test resis for smoke shal be pote! and the rea under the curve shal he dviod by the aea under the curve for ‘ed oak, multi by 100 and rounded to he nearest multiple Of fve In establish & sumercal smoke develop index. The Peformance of the material comparcd with that of fiber Eemeat boord anc clot grade red nak orig, which have CTU, FLaMerRONT FIG. 11 Example of Time Distance Relationship wth Fame Front Recession (ota ares, A=,ly c01— 150 boon arbitrarily eatiblished as 0 and 100, respectively. For smoke- developed indetes 200 or mor, the eaeulted value Shall be rounded to the nares 50 pois 10. Analysis of Products of Combustion 10.1 Samples fr combustion product analysis, when analy sis is requested, shall be taken downsteam from ue photometer o shall consist of not more than 1 % of te oa ow. Analysis ofthe products uf eombustion i no reguite in this test metho. AL, Report Ut Repon de following infrmaton: TLL Description of the material being tested, including is composition or generic identification, Ucknes, and any tel vant additional deta, 12 Test reals as calculated in Section 9, ILL 3 Details ofthe thos usd n placing the spcimen ia the chamber, to sala the Following TLLLSIA statement whsther 2 continous of scctionsd specimen is use, TI.1.32 A description ofthe umber of sections and their sires, whon tho spcemen consists of sections joined end0- nd, 111.33 The mounting moth ompoyes, 111.34 The width ofthe spocimen tested, if less than the full tunael with, 11.135 The method of placement of the cement boord proecting the furnace fd ase. 14 Otservations of the buming characteristics of the specimen during test exposure, such 2s delamination, saging shrinkage fallout, et, amt 1.15 Graphical plots of fame spread and smoke developed ats 12. Precision and Bias? 1241 Precision —A series of inlerlabortory ets for this et ‘method was rin using cleven lahoeinics and six mati Four replicates of each matenal were tested. The complete “Semi abr ad AS Tada ese results have been plocad on file at ASTM Headquars as a Research Project etl" Itrlahoaiory Test Sty on ASTM PR, Sanda Test Moth for Surface Hurang Characteristics of Building Materials.” Data was ealeulated in accordance with Practice E691 and ISO 5725, 122 von though Test Method EM provides measurement ‘fa Flame Spread Index and a Smoke Developed Index. onty tho Plame Spread Index i considered in this precision site ‘mont fecaust tho (es sores Uiized & smoke mossirement system that was a variation fom that described in tho tet ‘method. Data on precision ofthe smoke developed inde is being wocked on by Task Group No. 1 of Subcommitze ES 22 snd will be included in &Tuure revision of dis test mod, 12.3 Withi-laorstory (repeatabiy) datas given in Table 1 124 Betweemlaboratory (reproducibly) data is given ia “Tehle2 125 Bias—No information is presented on the bias of the procedure in this test method because cornet values for firetes-response churactrsics of building materials can only bedefnc an tems of aes method. Within ths imitation, ts test method has an Know bits and can be accepted as a reference metho 13, Keywords IS. flame spread; fame spread index; smoke develop smoke developed index; Steiner tare; surface brning char fetersics, 258 ancl fama est, TABLE 1_ wou Laboratory hopostapsy)Pretten Dats Pam ters Som ee ne Sa = io FF sooner co ne geome of 6tlg eee of i i aaa good