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i03 103
ENTRANCE EXAMINATION, 2017 ENTRANCE EXAMINATION, 2017

MA MA
Development and Labour Studies Development and Labour Studies

Field of Study Code : DLSM (231) ] SUBJECT . . . . . . . . . .

(Field of Study/Language)

Time Allowed : 3 hours

FIELD OF STUDY CODE .
Maximum Marks : 100

NAME OF THE CANDIDATE . . . . . . . . .

INSTRUCTIONS FOR CANDIDATES

...........................
• Answers are to be attempted in the space
provided in question paper itself. No extra
sheet will be provided for writing answers.

• The Question Paper is divided into three Parts.

REGISTRATION NO. IIIIII
All Parts are compulsory.

I. Part-! consists of eight (08) questions. CENTRE OF EXAMINATION . . . . . . . . .

Write short notes on any five (05) in not
more than 250 words in the space
provided below. Each carries eight ...........................
(08) marks.

DATE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
2. Part-II consists of two (02)
comprehension passages. There are two
(02) questions in each comprehension
passage of five (05) marks each.
All questions In this part are -----------··········---------------------····---------
compulsory. (Signature of Candidate)

3. Part-Ill consists of eight (08) essay-type

questions. Answer any two (02) in not
more than 600 words. Each question ·-·--·········------------······--·------------·
carries 20 marks. (Signature of Invigilator)

• For any rough work, candidate should use the

last page marked as SPACE FOR ROUGH
WORK.
------------------··········--················•<+•••
(Signature and Seal of
• Use of calculator is strictly prohibited. Presiding Officer)

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 Not to be filled in by the candidate

--1
Total of Part--! !

r----

Total of Part-11
____ _,__________ ~

I
I
Total of Part-Ill
I
--.-- ----------1
' I
Grand Total I
L_- ---- -- --------- J

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 Grading Table for Part-1
( FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY I
[Z~os. FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY Q. Nos. FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY

1. 5.
2. 6.

3. 7. '
4. 8.

Total Marks
(out of 40 )

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 Grading Table for Part-n
( FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY)
Total Marks
Q. Nos. 1. 2. 1. 2. (out of 20)

FOR OFFICIAL
USE ONLY

Grading Table for Part-In

( FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY)
(Any two)
r---
Total Marks
Q. Nos. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.
(out of 40)

LFOR OFFICIAL
USE ONLY

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 PART-I
Write nota. on any /fve (OS) of the following in not more than 250 words in the
space provided below each question. Each question carries eight (8) marks.
8x5=40

1. Start-up India and the problem of unemployment in India

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 2. Relationship between Monopoly Capitalism and Imperialism

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8

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 3. Relationship between the phenomena of 'outsourcing to developing countries' and
'brain drain from developing countries'

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 4. Indian growth trajectory for the last two decades has been one of )obless growth'

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10

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5. 8. R. Ambedkar's views on the need for a universality of labour legislation

11 [ P.T.O.
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 6. GST (Goods and Services Tax) and Fiscal Federalism

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 7. Forms of forced labour in contemporary India

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 8. Organic constitutionalism

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 PART-II
This Part consists of two (02) comprehension passages of ten (10) marks each.
There are two questions on each passage and their marks are indicated against
each of them, Please write in the space provided below each question. All questions
in this Part are compulsory.
Comprehension Passage 1 :

(Karl Marx, Preface to A Contribution to the Critique of Political Economy, 1859)

In the social production of their life, men enter into definite relations that are indispensable
and independent of their will, relations of production which correspond to a definite stage
of development of their material productive forces. The sum total of these relations of
production constitutes the economic structure of society, the real foundation, on which
rises a legal and political superstructure and to which correspond definite forms of social
consciousness. The mode of production of material life conditions the social, political and
intellectual life process in general. It is not the consciousness of men that determines their
being, but, on the contrary, their social being that determines their consciousness. At a
certain stage of their development, the material productive forces of society come in conflict
with the existing relations of production, or-what is but a legal expression for the same
thing-with the property relations within which they have been at work hitherto. From
forms of development of the productive forces these relations turn into their fetters.

Then begins an epoch of social revolution. With the change of the economic foundation, the
entire immense superstructure is more or less rapidly transformed. In considering such
transformations a distinction should always be made between the material transformation
of the economic conditions of production, which can be determined with the precision of
natural science, and the legal, political, religious, aesthetic or philosophic-in short,
ideological forms in which men become conscious of this conflict and fight it out. Just as
our opinion of an individual is not based on what he thinks of himself, so can we not judge
of such a period of transformation by its own consciousness; on the contrary, this
consciousness must be explained rather from the contradictions of material life, from the
existing conflict between the social productive forces and the relations of production. No
social order ever perishes before all the productive forces for which there is room in it have
developed; and new, higher relations of production never appear before the material
conditions of their existence have matured in the womb of the old society itself. Therefore,
mankind always sets itself only such tasks as it can solve; since, looking at the matter
more closely, it will always be found that the tasks itself arises only when the material
conditions of its solution already exist or are at least in the process of formation.

In broad outlines, Asiatic, ancient, feudal, and modern bourgeois modes of production can
be designated as progressive epochs in the economic formation of society. The bourgeois
relations of production are the last antagonistic form of the social process of production-
antagonistic not in the sense of individual antagonisms, but of one arising from the social
conditions of life of the individuals; at the same time the productive forces developing in the
womb of bourgeois society create the material conditions for the s6lution of that
antagonism. This social formation brings, therefore, the prehistory of society to a close.

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Baaed on the punge above, anawer the following queations :

1. Explain what Marx means when he says, "It is not the consciousness of men that
determines their being, but, on the contrary, their social being that determines
their consciousness." 5

2. Explain how Marx describes the interaction between 'material contradictions' and
the 'epoch of social revolution'. 5

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Comprehension passage 2 :

(Amartya Sen, Development : Which Way Now? The Economic Journal. Vol 93. No 3 '2
(Dec., 1983), pp. 745-762)

Perhaps the most important thematic deficiency of traditional development econor·,ic' is b

concentration on national product, aggregate income and total suppl} of partJ<Ular f(Oods
rather than on 'entitlements' of people and the 'capabilities' these enntlemt·nr, ''' "' rat<!.
Ultimately, the process of economic development has to be concerned with what people can
or cannot do, e.g. whether they can live long, escape avoidable nwrb1di~. •.•r" well
nourished, be able to read and write and communicate, take part in literarv ..~.no ·•nentifi<
pursuits, and so forth. It has to do, in Marx's words, with 'replacing th< oomin:,,tion o1
circumstances and chance over individuals by the domination of individua!s over chan< c
and circumstances'.

Entitlement refers to the set of alternative commodity bundles that a person ~an romm ..tnd
in a society using the totality of rights and opportunities that he or she faces !';ntitkm.,nh
are relatively simple to characterize in purely market economy. If a person r•.m. b<l.V. earn
$200 by selling his labour power and other saleable objects he has or can produce, :hen his
entitlements refer to the set of all commodity bundles costing no more than $200 He <an
buy any such bundle, but no more than that and the limit is set bv his ow Dership
('endowmenq and his exchange possibilities ('exchange entitlement). th~ two to.;dher
detennining his over-all entitlement. On the basis of this entitlement, a p<'rson r·an arqwre
some capabilities, i.e., the ability to do this or that (e.g. be well nourished}, and fnil to
acquire some other capabilities. The process of economic development can be seen as a
process of expanding the capabilities of people. Given the functional relation between
entitlements of persons over goods and their capabilities, a useful- though derivative--
characterization of economic development is in terms of expansion of entitlement~

For most of humanity, about the only commodity a person has to sell is labour powt>r, so
that the person's entitlement depends crucially on his or her abeity to find a job. the wage
rate for that job, and the prices of commodities that he or she wishes to buy. "'he probltrns
of starvation, hunger and famines in the world could be better analyzed through the
concept of entitlement than through the use of the traditional variable of food supp!y and
population size. The intention here is not, of course, to argue that the supply of
goods-food in this case--is irrelevant to hunger and starvation, wh1ch would be absurd.
but that the supply is just one influence among many; and, in so far as supph is
important, it is so precisely because it affects the entitlements of the people involved,
typically through prices. Ultimately, we are concerned with what people can or cannot do.
and this links directly w~th their 'entitlements' rather than with over ail supplies and
outputs in the economy.

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On the basis of the paaaar;e above, answer the following questions :

1. How is the concept of 'entitlement' different from the concept of 'capability' ? 5

2. Why does the author think that economic development should concentrate on
'what people can or cannot do' ? 5

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 PART-m

Easay type:

Allawer any two (02) questions In not more than 600 words 20x2=40

1. What is the difference between asset inequality and consumption inequality?

Which one do you expect to be higher and why?

2. Do you agree that the arguments for and against agricultural Joan waiver and
corporate loan waiver schemes in India are essentially the same?

3. Discuss the debate on impact of labour laws on employment growth in India.

4. Discuss the causes and consequences of labour migration from rural to urban in
India. Do you think this process can be reversed?

5. Discuss the nature of Indian State. Is it labour-inclusive?

6. Critically analyze the concept of the 'subaltern' in relation to the labour movements
in India.

7. How is the informal sector defmed in India? Are informal sector economic activities
linked to formal sector economic activities? Substantiate.

8. Discuss the impact of caste and gender in the segmentation of the labour market in
contemporary India.

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 SPACE FOR ROUGH WORK

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 [Link]

Save & Print

Roll No:
Application No: Registered Photo Exam Day Photo
Name:
Exam Date: 07-Oct-2020
Exam Time: 09:00-12:00
Examination: 1. Course Code - M.A./[Link]./M.C.A.
2. Field of Study - DEVELOPMENT AND LABOUR
STUDIES (DLSM)
SECTION 1 - SECTION 1

Question No.1 (Question Id - 79)

Which two of the following types of workers who carry out remunerative work within their
homes come under the category of ‘home based workers’ ?

I. Independent Own-account producers

II. Dependent Sub-contract workers

III. Employed under section 2 (m) of the Factories Act, 1948

IV. Employed in shops and discharge his duty from home

(A) I and II only (Correct Answer)

(B) I and III only
(C) III and IV only
(D) II and IV only

Question No.2 (Question Id - 20)

Who coined the term European miracle, in 1981 ?
(A) Eric Jones (Correct Answer)
(B) Kenneth Pomeranz
(C) James Morris Blaut
(D) Andre Gunder Frank

Question No.3 (Question Id - 95)

The technology which meets the sustainable development needs is often referred as :
(A) Advanced Technology
(B) Appropriate Technology (Correct Answer)
(C) Sustainable Technology
(D) Adaptive Technology

Question No.4 (Question Id - 81)

Which one of the following is registered trade Union of Scrap Collectors ?
(A) Kagad Kanch Patra Kashtkari Panchayat (Correct Answer)
(B) Safai Karmacharies Association
(C) Self Employed Women Association
(D) Scrap Pickers Workers Organisation

Question No.5 (Question Id - 32)

The Indian currency notes issued by Reserve Bank of India is issued under the system of
:
(A) Proportional Reserve System
(B) Fixed Fiduciary System
(C) Minimum Reserve System (Correct Answer)
(D) Fully Convertibility System

Question No.6 (Question Id - 7)

The term disguised unemployment was first used by :
(A) Keyness
(B) Chemberlin
(C) Joan Robinson (Correct Answer)
(D) Adam Smith

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Question No.7 (Question Id - 12)

What is % contribution of MSMEs (Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises) to country’s
GDP in
2019 - 2020 ?

(A) 16%
(B) 40%
(C) 29% (Correct Answer)
(D) 50%

Question No.8 (Question Id - 67)

The new Industrial Policy July 1991 was announced by :
(A) V.P. Singh’s Government
(B) Narasimha Rao’s Government (Correct Answer)
(C) Manmohan Singh’s Government
(D) Rajeev Gandhi’s Government

Question No.9 (Question Id - 29)

The book titled ‘The Stages of Economic Growth : A Non-Communist Manifesto’ was
written by :
(A) Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel
(B) Karl Marx
(C) Walt W. Rostow (Correct Answer)
(D) Friedrich Engels

Question No.10 (Question Id - 28)

What is the GDP deflator ?
(A) It is the ratio of the value of goods and services an economy produces in a
particular year at current prices to that at the prices that prevailed during
the base year.

(Correct Answer)
(B) Measurement of the relative reduction in GDP growth rate of a country.
(C) Comparison of the GDP of a country vis-a-vis other countries of the world.
(D) Calculation of GDP on base year prices.

Question No.11 (Question Id - 84)

In which date the unorganised worker’s social security Act, 2008 received the assent of
the President ?

(A) 26th December, 2008

(B) 30th December, 2008 (Correct Answer)
(C) 2nd October, 2008
(D) 15th August, 2008

Question No.12 (Question Id - 88)

Which of the following aspects of caste system is still important ?
(A) Jajmani System
(B) Kinship System (Correct Answer)
(C) Caste Panchayat
(D) Economic Panchayat

Question No.13 (Question Id - 80)

In which year the National Commission for Safai Karmachari Act was passed ?
(A) 1990
(B) 1991
(C) 1993 (Correct Answer)
(D) 1994

Question No.14 (Question Id - 51)

From the original point of simultaneous equilibrium in the goods and money market, if the
rate of interest increases, which of the following adjustment processes will happen ?

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(A) Excess demand for goods will push down the rate of interest
(B) Excess supply of money will cause increase in the bond prices and induce
a fall in the interest rate

(Correct Answer)
(C) Excess demand for goods will pull up the interest rate further
(D) Investment will increase leading to increase supply of goods

Question No.15 (Question Id - 34)

Which one of the following is not included in the National Income under the National
Income Accounting system in India ?

(A) Undistributed Profits

(B) Pension (Correct Answer)
(C) Rent
(D) Mixed Income

Question No.16 (Question Id - 94)

Sustainable Energy :
(A) is clean
(B) can be used over a long period of time
(C) Both (1) and (2)
(D) is unusable (Correct Answer)

Question No.17 (Question Id - 1)

Which of the following is Hicks - Neutral ?
(A) A Technical Innovation if the ratio of marginal product remains unchanged
for a given Capital Labour Ratio.

(Correct Answer)
(B) An innovation if the relative factor shares remain unchanged for a fixed Capital
Output Ratio.
(C) A Technical Innovation if the ratio of marginal product changes with the change in
Capital Output Ratio.

(D) A Technical Innovation if the ratio of marginal product remains unchanged with
change in Capital Output Ratio.

Question No.18 (Question Id - 30)

The ‘World Development Report’ is the publication of :
(A) United Nations Development Programme
(B) Department of Economic and Social Affairs, United Nations
(C) United States Agency for International Development (USAID)
(D) World Bank (Correct Answer)

Question No.19 (Question Id - 48)

The optimum point of production in the context of the Law of Variable Proportions will be :

(A) Closer to the end-point of the second stage of production if the variable factor
used in the production is very costly in relation to the fixed factor of production.

(B) Closer to the end point of the first stage of production if the variable factor
used in the production is very costly in relation to the fixed factor of
production.

(Correct Answer)
(C) Corresponding to the peak point of the Average Product curve if the variable
factor of production bears zero price.

(D) Corresponding to the peak point of the Total Product curve if the variable factor of
production is very costly in relation to the fixed factor of production.

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Question No.20 (Question Id - 61)

Assertion A :

Financial inclusion is desirable to help weaker sections of society in the country.

Reason R :

Investment activity needs to be promoted to facilitate access to development benefits to

masses.

(A) Both A and R are correct and R is not the correct explanation of A.
(B) Both A and R are correct and R is the correct explanation of A. (Correct
Answer)
(C) A is not correct, but R is correct.
(D) A is correct, but R is not correct.

Question No.21 (Question Id - 63)

Select the correct situation which defines ‘welfare trap’ ?
(A) When population in an economy continues to remain poor even after increase in
nominal income.
(B) When rise in the incomes of poor is neutralized by inflation.
(C) When unemployment increases along with inflation.
(D) When people getting unemployment allowance does not want to work any
more. (Correct Answer)

Question No.22 (Question Id - 62)

Which of the following brings out the ‘Consumer Price Index Number for
Industrial Workers’ ?

(A) The Reserve Bank of India

(B) The Department of Economic Affairs
(C) The Labour Bureau (Correct Answer)
(D) The Department of Personnel and Training

Question No.23 (Question Id - 56)

Which of these is inconsistent with the Heckscher-Ohlin Theorem ?
(A) A country will specialize in the production and export of that good which uses
more intensively its relatively abundant factor of production.

(B) A country will specialize in the production of that good which uses more
intensively its abundant factor of production and import the same good if it has a
strong consumption bias in the same direction as its production bias.

(C) A country will specialize in the production of that good which uses more
intensively its abundant factor of production and import it if its
consumption bias is in the opposite.

(Correct Answer)
(D) A country will specialize in the production and export of that good which uses
more intensively its abundant factor of production if its production and
consumption bias are in the opposite direction.

Question No.24 (Question Id - 18)

India's ranking in terms of Food Security Index out of 113 countries is :
(A) 74
(B) 76
(C) 72 (Correct Answer)
(D) 75

Question No.25 (Question Id - 14)

Which of the following is the strategy to reduce inflation ?
(A) Rapid Disinflation
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(B) Gradual Disinflation
(C) Cold Turkey (Correct Answer)
(D) All the above

Question No.26 (Question Id - 91)

A promising direction towards sustainable development is to design systems that are :
(A) Flexible and irreversible
(B) Flexible and reversible (Correct Answer)
(C) Inflexible and reversible
(D) Inflexible and irreversible

Question No.27 (Question Id - 83)

(A) A - I, B - II, C - III, D - IV

(B) A - I, B - II, C - IV, D - III (Correct Answer)
(C) A - II, B - I, C - IV, D - III
(D) A - II, B - III, C - I, D - IV

Question No.28 (Question Id - 52)

In his theory of growth, Adam Smith assumed __________ based on the premise of
expansion of the market size over time.

(A) Increasing Real Cost of Production

(B) Decreasing Returns to Scale
(C) Constant Returns to Scale
(D) Increasing Returns to Scale (Correct Answer)

Question No.29 (Question Id - 37)

Planning Commission of India constituted different expert and working groups and task
forces for development in methodology and measurement of poverty ratio at national and
state level, which one of the following is not related with the poverty estimation by the
Planning Commission of India ?

(A) Planning Commission’s Expert Group (D.T. Lakadawala) - 1989

(B) Planning Commission’s Expert Group (S.D. Tendulkar) - 2005
(C) Planning Commission’s Expert Group (A.P. Shah) - 2011 (Correct Answer)
(D) Planning Commission’s Expert Group (C. Rangarajan) - 2012

Question No.30 (Question Id - 4)

According to Trap Models presented by Leibenstein :
(A) Economic growth to be totally dependent on investment in tangible capital.
(B) Integration between population and per capita income growth is explained.
(C) There is no integration between population and per capita income growth.
(Correct Answer)
(D) (1) and (2) both.

Question No.31 (Question Id - 86)

‘A social group is a system of social interaction.’ This statement was given by :
(A) Marshal Jones
(B) Bogardus
(C) Herry M. Johnson (Correct Answer)
(D) Harrod

Question No.32 (Question Id - 26)

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In India, under fiscal federal arrangement, Gadgil Formula was used for :
(A) Division of Tax Revenue
(B) Writing off State’s indebtedness to the Centre
(C) Disbursement mechanism for loan from Reserve Bank of India to States
(D) Allocation of Plan Assistance from Centre to States (Correct Answer)

Question No.33 (Question Id - 93)

The phrase ‘sustainable agriculture’ was reportedly coined by :
(A) Andrew Leigh
(B) Gordon Mc Clymont (Correct Answer)
(C) Jules Pretty
(D) Clem Tisdell

Question No.34 (Question Id - 5)

Democracy Index is published by :
(A) World Economic Forum
(B) UNDP
(C) Economist Intelligence Unit (Correct Answer)
(D) IMF

Question No.35 (Question Id - 24)

A choice that is optimal for a firm no matters what its competitors do is referred as which
one of the following in game theory ?

(A) The game winning choice

(B) The dominant strategy (Correct Answer)
(C) A gonzo selection
(D) Super optimal

Question No.36 (Question Id - 9)

Who for the first time tried to measure the contribution of technical change to economic
growth ?

(A) Meade (Correct Answer)

(B) Myrdal
(C) Harrod
(D) Abramovitz

Question No.37 (Question Id - 59)

Economy of India in nominal terms and in PPP$ terms is :
(A) Third and fifth largest in the world
(B) Fifth and third largest in the world (Correct Answer)
(C) Second and fourth largest in the world
(D) Second and second after China

Question No.38 (Question Id - 15)

India's position in green bond market in world is :
(A) First
(B) Second (Correct Answer)
(C) Third
(D) Fourth

Question No.39 (Question Id - 22)

The Process of Globalisation is :
(A) An amalgamation of the global and local (Correct Answer)
(B) Emphasis on local culture
(C) The use of Regional Symbols
(D) Emphasis on Global Culture

Question No.40 (Question Id - 19)

The conjecture that inequality first increases with development, then decreases with
further development (known as the “inverted U hypothesis”) has been :
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(A) strongly supported by most studies.

(B) supported mainly by cross-section, not time-series studies. (Correct
Answer)
(C) supported mainly by time-series, not cross-section studies.
(D) generally repudiated by empirical studies.

Question No.41 (Question Id - 21)

The International Convention on the Elimination of Child Labour :
(A) Was a result of countries appearing as autonomous containers of political, social,
and economic activity in that fixed borders separate of the domestic sphere from
the world outside.

(B) Represents a process in which the organization of social activities is increasingly

less constrained by geographical proximity and national territorial boundaries.

(C) Involves a complex mix of homogenization and increased heterogeneity given the
global diffusion of popular culture, global media corporations, and
communications networks.

(D) Was the product of a complex politics involving public and private actors
from trade unions, industrial associations, humanitarian groups,
governments, and legal experts.

(Correct Answer)

Question No.42 (Question Id - 50)

Which Law does the following statement relate to ?
“The act of producing goods generates an amount of income that is equivalent to the
value of the goods produced, which is then expended on purchasing the output
produced”.
(A) The Psychological Law of Consumption
(B) Okun's Law
(C) Law of Supply
(D) Say's Law of Markets (Correct Answer)

Question No.43 (Question Id - 35)

Out of the following, which one is not included in the foreign exchange reserve of India ?
(A) Foreign currency and securities held by the banks and corporate bodies
(Correct Answer)
(B) Foreign Currency Assets
(C) Gold
(D) Special Drawing Rights (SDRs)

Question No.44 (Question Id - 33)

Which one of the following is included in the National Income under the National Income
Accounting system in India ?

(A) Amount received from sale of shares and debentures.

(B) Transfer Payments.
(C) Amount received from sale of second hand goods.
(D) Commission earnings of property dealer. (Correct Answer)

Question No.45 (Question Id - 6)

Which of the following statements is true ?
(A) A concept of continuous change is basic to the dialectical approach of Marx.
(B) Marx’s theory of Social Evolution in its essence is dynamic in nature.
(C) The internal contradictions which Marx saw existing in the system are the basic
cause of dynamic process.

(D) All the above. (Correct Answer)

Question No.46 (Question Id - 58)

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In the first wave, the age of discovery (1450 - 1850), globalization :
(A) was started by English explorations of Atlantic archipelagoes.
(B) was decisively shaped by European expansion and conquest. (Correct
Answer)
(C) was a benign form of cosmopolitan democracy.
(D) led to contact between the East and West, facilitating a process called Persian
Exchange.

Question No.47 (Question Id - 73)

The poverty line on the basis of recommended nutritional requirements of 2400 calories
per person per day for rural areas and 2100 calories for urban areas, was defined by :

(A) Planning Commission (Correct Answer)

(B) Niti Aayog
(C) National Sample Survey
(D) National Commission on Labour

Question No.48 (Question Id - 17)

The increase in unemployment that occurs during recession and depression is called :
(A) Frictional unemployment
(B) Structural unemployment
(C) Cyclical unemployment (Correct Answer)
(D) Seasonal unemployment

Question No.49 (Question Id - 71)

Which one of the following Act was passed with an aim to cheek the concentration of
economic power ?

(A) Monopolies and Restricted Trade Practices Act, 1969 (Correct Answer)
(B) Zamindari Abolition Act, 1950
(C) Indian Companies Act, 1956
(D) Income Tax Act, 1961

Question No.50 (Question Id - 27)

The book ‘Poverty and Un-British Rule in India’ describing the theory of economic drain
during British rule was written by :

(A) Dadabhai Naoroji (Correct Answer)

(B) M.N. Roy
(C) Mahatma Gandhi
(D) Lala Lajpat Rai

Question No.51 (Question Id - 44)

Environmental Kuznets curve, a graph depicting the relationship between the per capita
income and pollution and other forms of environmental degradation, is of the following
shape :

(A) ∪
(B) ∩ (Correct Answer)
(C) L
(D) _

Question No.52 (Question Id - 89)

Which one of the following is known as Material Culture ?
(A) Values
(B) Discipline
(C) Capital
(D) Chair (Correct Answer)

Question No.53 (Question Id - 38)

In the development literature of new endogenous growth theories, a dynamic
interpretation to increasing returns by emphasizing ‘Learning by Doing’ was given by :

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(A) Adam Smith

(B) Alfred Marshall
(C) Kenneth Arrow (Correct Answer)
(D) J.M. Clark

Question No.54 (Question Id - 92)

Following is (are) the element(s) of sustainable agriculture :
(A) Perma culture
(B) Agro forestry
(C) Mixed farming
(D) All of the above (Correct Answer)

Question No.55 (Question Id - 55)

The Law of Increasing State Activities was put forth by :
(A) Adolf Wagner (Correct Answer)
(B) Wiseman-Peacock
(C) Adam Smith
(D) Galbraith

Question No.56 (Question Id - 10)

Which theory was given by Benjamin Heggin ?
(A) Theory of Technological Dualism (Correct Answer)
(B) Sociological theory of Dualism
(C) Theory of Balanced growth
(D) Theory of Big Push

Question No.57 (Question Id - 66)

Which one of the following is not associated with the Stabilisation Measures of Economic
Reforms 1991 ?

(A) Reduction in fiscal deficit.

(B) To bring inflation under control.
(C) To integrate with the global economy through trade, investments and
technology flows. (Correct Answer)
(D) Exchange rate adjustments.

Question No.58 (Question Id - 23)

The Plan that sought to get the Indian economy out of cycle of poverty, one prominent
economist involved in drafting the plan, argued that India should 'hasten slowly' for initial
decades as a fast rate of development might endanger democracy. This Plan document
identified the pattern of land distribution in the country as the principal obstacle in the way
of agricultural growth. It focused on land reforms as the key to the country's development.

The above statement is :

I Related to the First Five Year Plan

II Related to the Fifth Five Year Plan
III Focused on institutional reform in agriculture sector for country's development

Select the correct answer using the options given below :

(A) I
(B) II
(C) I and III (Correct Answer)
(D) II and III

Question No.59 (Question Id - 46)

The distance between each successive higher iso-quant should be declining to represent
:
(A) Constant Returns to Scale
(B) Increasing Returns to Scale (Correct Answer)
(C) Decreasing Returns to Scale
(D) Declining marginal physical product of a factor of production

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Question No.60 (Question Id - 60)
Given below are some of the forums of worker’s participation in management :

I. Works Committee

II. Joint Management Council

III. Quality Circle

IV. Canteen Managing Committee

V. Grievance Redressal Committee

Which of the following are to be statutorily provided by an employer of an industrial

organisation ?

(A) I, II and IV only

(B) II, III and IV only
(C) I, IV and V only (Correct Answer)
(D) I, II and III only

Question No.61 (Question Id - 74)

When the concept of an informal/unorganised sector began to receive world wide
attention ?
(A) Early 1960s
(B) Early 1970s (Correct Answer)
(C) Early 1980s
(D) Early 1990s

Question No.62 (Question Id - 31)

Which one of the following growth model is widely considered relevant to recent
experience in China, where labour has been steadily absorbed from farming to
manufacturing sector ?

(A) Rostow’s Stages of Growth Model

(B) Harrod - Domar Growth Model
(C) Lewis Growth Model (Correct Answer)
(D) Solow Neo-classical Growth Model

Question No.63 (Question Id - 39)

Which one of the following is not a character of the informal sector ?
(A) The informal sector plays an important role in developing countries despite
decades of neglect and outright hostility.

(B) The informal sector is characterized by a large number of small-scale production

and service activities that are individually or family-owned and uses simple labour
intensive technology.

(C) Workers in the informal sector do not enjoy the measure of protection afforded by
the formal modern sector in terms of job security, decent working conditions, etc.

(D) Many workers entering the informal sector are old migrants from rural
areas having experience of employment in the formal sector.

(Correct Answer)

Question No.64 (Question Id - 68)

Dr. Raja Chelliah Committee submitted its interim report in 1991 - 92 was associated with
:
(A) Tax Reforms Committee (Correct Answer)
(B) Banking Reforms Committee
(C) Financial Reforms Committee
(D) Capital Market Reforms Committee

Question No.65 (Question Id - 3)

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Which of the following concept was given by Myrdal ?
(A) Social Dualism
(B) Geographical Dualism (Correct Answer)
(C) Financial Dualism
(D) Political Dualism

Question No.66 (Question Id - 69)

Which one of the following is not correct about components of Globalisation ?
(A) Reduction of trade barriers
(B) Free flow of Capital and Investments
(C) Free flow of technology
(D) Restrictions an free movement of Cobourg among different countries of the
world (Correct Answer)

Question No.67 (Question Id - 75)

Who has submitted a Report “Dilemma of Informal Sector” in 1987 ?
(A) World Health Organisation
(B) World Trade Organisation
(C) International Labour Organisation (Correct Answer)
(D) The Institute of Applied Manpower research

Case Study - 68 to 72 (Question Id - 96)

Read the passage carefully and answer the questions that follow

The Constitution of India (Article 19) gives the right to all citizens to “to move freely throughout the
territory of India; to reside and settle in any part of the territory of India” which leads to two main types of
migration: first, internal migration, i.e. migration within one country, and second international migration,
which means the movement from one country to another. The reasons for migration can be divided into
two main aspects, the so-called “push” and “pull” factors. Push factors are those in their old place which
force people to move. Pull factors are factors in the target country which encourage people to move;
these include peace and safety, a chance of a better job, better education, social security, a better
standard of living in general as well as political and religious freedom. Since the 1830s, international
migration from India under British rule comprised largely of unskilled workers from poorer socio-
economic groups who went to other colonised countries.
Between 1834 and 1937, nearly 30 million people left India and nearly four-fifths returned
Post-Independence, migrants came from richer socio-economic groups, from wealthier parts of the
country and, with the exception of the large migration to the Middle East, went industrialised. The
migrant stream to the United States in particular has been the most highly educated, both compared to
other immigrants into the US, as well as to other Indian migrant streams abroad since the 1990s,
increasing numbers of skilled emigrants from India have also been moving to Australia, Canada, New
Zealand and Singapore.
Migration of persons within national borders is far greater in magnitude than migration across
international borders and has enormous potential to contribute to economic prosperity, social cohesion
and urban diversity. Internal migration is an essential and inevitable component of the economic and
social life of the country, given regional imbalances and labour shortages, and safe migration should be
promoted to maximise its benefits. However, in the absence of a coherent policy framework and
strategy, migration imposes heavy costs on human development through poor labour arrangements and
working conditions of migrants, and obstacles in their access to shelter, education, healthcare and food.
Migrants constitute a “floating” and invisible population, alternating between source and destination
areas and remaining on the periphery of society. In India, internal migration has been accorded very low
priority by the government, and policies of the Indian state have largely failed in providing any form of
legal or social protection to this vulnerable group.

Question No.68 (Question Id - 97)

Which of the following is true in the context of the passage ?

(A) The maximum migration takes place in the eastern countries

(B) International migration is far greater than internal migration
(C) Government of India is against brain drain
(D) Internal migration is far greater than international migration (Correct
Answer)

Question No.69 (Question Id - 98)

What is the main reason behind internal migration ?
(A) Various social, economic or political reasons (Correct Answer)
(B) Due to marriage for work and moved with household

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(C) For higher education
(D) For expansion of business

Question No.70 (Question Id - 99)

As given in the passage which type of migration does occur frequently ?
(A) Internal migration (Correct Answer)
(B) International migration
(C) Step migration
(D) Impelled migration

Question No.71 (Question Id - 100)

Most of the highly educated group of India has been migrated in which of the following
country as given in the passage ?

(A) China and USA

(B) Australia and Singapore
(C) Canada and New Zealand
(D) Both (2) and (3) (Correct Answer)

Question No.72 (Question Id - 101)

What’s the main difference between push and pull factors of migration ?
(A) Push factors are conditions that drives people to leave their homes, while
pull factors attracts people to a new area

(Correct Answer)
(B) Push or pull factors that made your family happy
(C) Push means a new home in a different state, while pull means influence people
to shift in new home
(D) Push and pull factors are closely interrelated

Question No.73 (Question Id - 76)

In which year ‘The National Commission on Self-employed Women’ was set up ?
(A) 1980
(B) 1985
(C) 1987 (Correct Answer)
(D) 1989

Question No.74 (Question Id - 53)

What are the three primary P’s in the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development ?
(A) Poverty, People and Prosperity
(B) People, Prosperity and Planet (Correct Answer)
(C) Peace, Prosperity and Partnership
(D) Plan, Planet and Peace

Question No.75 (Question Id - 16)

The sustainable Development Goals recognize that all countries must stimulate action in
the following manner :

(A) People, Planet, Prosperity, Peace and Partnership (Correct Answer)

(B) People, Planet, Prosperity, Plants and Planning
(C) People, Planet, Prosperity, Plants and Partnership
(D) People, Planet, Prosperity, Peace and Planning

Question No.76 (Question Id - 78)

Which two of the following organisations conducted a Joint Workshop on the subject of
defining the informal sector in 1997 ?

I. The National Commission on Labour

II. The National Council for Applied Economic Research

III. The Self-employed Women’s Association

IV The National Commission on Rural Labour

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Select the correct answer using the code given below :

(A) I and II only

(B) II and III only (Correct Answer)
(C) III and IV only
(D) I and IV only

Question No.77 (Question Id - 47)

Which of these implies a unique capital-labour ratio ?
(A) Downward sloping convex iso-quant
(B) Downward sloping linear iso-quant
(C) Linear Programming iso-quant
(D) L-shaped iso-quant (Correct Answer)

Question No.78 (Question Id - 87)

Anthropology consists of two major divisions. They are :
(A) Physical and Cultural (Correct Answer)
(B) Production and Distribution
(C) Procurement and Distribution
(D) Political and Cultural

Question No.79 (Question Id - 85)

Who has interpreted social relationship in the following manner ?

“Any collection of human beings who are brought into social relationships with one
another” ?

(A) Ogbur and Nimkoff

(B) Bogardus
(C) R.N. Maclner (Correct Answer)
(D) Durkheim

Question No.80 (Question Id - 13)

The Phillips Curve observed that :
(A) There was positive relationship between the rate of change in money wages and
the unemployment rate.

(B) There was negative relationship between the rate of change in money
wages and the unemployment rate.

(Correct Answer)
(C) There was negative relationship between price rise and effective demand.
(D) There is positive relationship between the rate of change in money wages and
the unemployment rate.

Question No.81 (Question Id - 65)

Which was the major aim and objectives of Pre - 1991 Economic Policy of India ?

I. High growth rate

II. National self-reliance

III. Fall employment

IV. Reduction of income inequalities

Select the correct answer using the codes given below :

(A) Only I
(B) I and II only
(C) I, II and IV only
(D) I, II, III and IV only (Correct Answer)

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Question No.82 (Question Id - 72)
In which five year plan, National Rural Employment Programme (NREP) was initiated ?
(A) Fifth Five Year Plan
(B) Sixth Five Year Plan (Correct Answer)
(C) Seventh Five Year Plan
(D) Eleventh Five Year Plan

Question No.83 (Question Id - 11)

The value of Gini Coefficient can be between two extreme values of :
(A) 0.50 to 0.70
(B) 0.20 to 0.35
(C) 0 to 1 (Correct Answer)
(D) 0.40 to 0.60

Question No.84 (Question Id - 77)

In which year ‘The National Commission on Rural Labour’ was set-up ?
(A) 1985
(B) 1986
(C) 1987 (Correct Answer)
(D) 1989

Question No.85 (Question Id - 45)

According to Nathan Keyfitz and Robert Dorfman, which one of the following is not an
institutional and cultural requirement for the operation of effective private markets ?

(A) Society based on traditions. (Correct Answer)

(B) Materialistic values as a stimulus to greater production.
(C) Deferring gratification to generate private saving.
(D) Efficient forms of competition, as opposed to monopolistic control.

Question No.86 (Question Id - 70)

In order to enquire into the distribution of income in India, Government of India had
appointed for the first time a committee under the whose chairmanship ?

(A) Prof. P.C. Mahalanobis (Correct Answer)

(B) Dr. Raja Chelliah
(C) Dr. R.N. Mazomdar
(D) Prof. K.C. Pant

Question No.87 (Question Id - 54)

Which of these is not a determinant of money supply ?
(A) The required reserve ratio
(B) The level of bank reserves
(C) The desire of public to hold currency and deposits
(D) The target of zero rate of inflation (Correct Answer)

Question No.88 (Question Id - 64)

Which of the following statements relating to the Mahatma Gandhi Rural Employment
Guarantee Scheme are correct ?

I. Meghalaya was the first State in which the Scheme was implemented.

II. The Scheme aims to provide for enhancement of livelihood security of the households
in rural areas.

III. It guarantees at least one hundred days of wage employment in a calendar year to
every household whose adult members volunteer to do unskilled manual work.

IV. The wages to be paid to workers under the scheme shall be as specified by the
Central Government.

V. Material cost of the scheme including payment of wages to semiskilled and skilled
workers are to be shared by the Central Government and State Governments at the ratio
of one-fourth to three-fourths respectively.

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(A) I, II and IV (Correct Answer)
(B) II, III and IV
(C) II, IV and V
(D) I, III and V

Question No.89 (Question Id - 82)

(A) A - II, B - I, C - III, D - IV (Correct Answer)

(B) A - II, B - I, C - IV, D - III
(C) A - I, B - II, C - III, D - IV
(D) A - III, B - II, C - I, D - IV

Question No.90 (Question Id - 43)

Environmental capital is defined as :
(A) Overall area of forest cover.
(B) The portion of a country’s overall capital assets that directly relate to the
environment. (Correct Answer)
(C) Capital stock engaged in environmental projects.
(D) Capital stock under the ownership of Environment ministries of the central and
state governments.

Question No.91 (Question Id - 90)

When the consumption of natural resources are equal to nature’s ability to replenish, then
economy is :

(A) Not sustainable

(B) Steady state economy (Correct Answer)
(C) Environmentally sustainable
(D) None of the above

Question No.92 (Question Id - 42)

In a situation when health and education are investments made in the same individual,
greater health capital may raise the return on investment in education for several reasons.
Which of the following is not one of these several reasons ?

(A) Health is an important factor in school attendance.

(B) Healthier children are more successful in school and learn more efficiently.
(C) Healthier individuals are more able to productively use education at any point in
life.
(D) Death of school-age children also decreases the cost of education per
worker. (Correct Answer)

Question No.93 (Question Id - 49)

Which of the following is a correct statement in connection to households as one of the
sectors in the circular flow of income ?

(A) Households supply the factors of production (Correct Answer)

(B) One household implies one family
(C) Households undertake investment activities in the economy
(D) Households represent the deficit sector of the economy

Question No.94 (Question Id - 2)

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The Human Development Index (HDI) is a composite Index of :
(A) Mortality Rate, Per Capita Income, Education
(B) Life Expectancy, Per Capita Income, Education (Correct Answer)
(C) Life Expectancy, Poverty, Education
(D) Poverty, Education, Mortality Rate

Question No.95 (Question Id - 41)

Which one of the following model is associated with the equilibrium version of the theory
to explain the apparently paradoxical relationship of accelerated rural-urban migration in
the context of rising urban unemployment ?

(A) Todaro Migration Model

(B) Harris - Todaro Migration Model (Correct Answer)
(C) Lewis Model
(D) Everett Lee's model of Migration

Question No.96 (Question Id - 36)

Relative poverty refers to :
(A) A situation in which a person is unable to obtain necessities for life.
(B) Poverty defined in comparison to other's people standing in the economy.
(Correct Answer)
(C) A failure of meeting the requirements of basic dignity of human beings or even a
failure to meet human rights.

(D) Poverty gap between a person from developing world and a person from
developed world.

Question No.97 (Question Id - 8)

Which of the following is Harrod’s Model ?
(A) GC = S
(B)

(C) I=S
(D) Both (1) and (3) (Correct Answer)

Question No.98 (Question Id - 57)

Regression analysis is concerned with :
(A) Deterministic dependence between variables
(B) Association between independent and dependent variable (Correct Answer)
(C) Functional dependence between variables
(D) Causality between variables

Question No.99 (Question Id - 25)

Which one of the following concept didn’t form part of the early phase of Indian
development policy ?

(A) Community Development Programme

(B) Cooperative Farming
(C) Liberalisation (Correct Answer)
(D) Self-Reliance

Question No.100 (Question Id - 40)

Agglomeration economies is the concept associated with :
(A) Agriculture Economics
(B) Social Development
(C) Urbanization (Correct Answer)
(D) Ruralization

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