UV-VIS Spectroscopy
1. What is the wavelength region for UV-VIS spectrum?
2. Give the relation between absorbance & transmittance.
3. What do you mean by vacuum UV technique?
4. What are the reasons of deviation from Beer-lambert’s law?
5. In molecular electronic spectroscopy we get a broad spectrum instead of a sharp line. Explain.
6. What should be the characters of solvent used for UV-VIS spectral study?
7. n-Hexane is the best solvent for UV-VIS spectral study. Justify.
8. What are the different types of electronic excitation/ transitions? Arrange them in the increasing order of
their energy requirements.
9. λmax for CH3Cl is less compared to CH3I. Explain.
10. Describe the terms used to designate the shifts in λmax & absorption intensity.
11. Hydrogen bonding shifts the λmax towards shorter wave length. Explain.
12. Amines absorb at higher wave length compared to alcohols. Explain.
13. What types of transitions are expected from saturated aldehydes?
14. What are Chromophores & Auxochromes? Give examples of Auxochromes.
15. Why Auxochromes shift the λmax to red end?
16. Benzene has λmax at 255nm (εmax= 203) and aniline (C6H5NH2) has λmax at 280nm (εmax= 1430). Explain.
17. Aniline has λmax at 280nm, but in acid medium λmax shifts to 254nm. Explain.
18. What factors are responsible for shift in λmax.
19. Removal of conjugation shows which type of shift in λmax?
20. Discuss the solvent effect on electronic transitions.
21. UV-VIS spectral study helps to predict the number of conjugation. (T/F)
22. Substances absorbing light in the range of 400-800nm appears colored. (T/F)
23. UV-VIS spectrum consists of a sharp line. (T/F)
24. Spectroscopy involves the study of interaction between matter and electromagnetic waves. (T/F)
25. Auxochromes are color enhancing groups. (T/F)
26. Aldehydes/ Ketones/ Amines show which type of transition?
27. The spectral analysis of a sample of 2.48×10-4 M concentration shows 12% transmittance in 1cm path length
device. Calculate absorbance & molar extinction coefficient.
28. Acrolin (CH2=CHCHO) absorbs at 217nm (εmax = 16000). What is the weight concentration (g/ml) required to
observe an absorbance of 0.8 when the cell length is 1cm?
29. A sample of 0.05M concentration transmits ¼ th of the intensity of the incident radiation during the study.
Calculate the absorbance & molar extinction coefficient.
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Microwave/ Rotational Spectroscopy
1. What is the wave length range of micro-waves?
2. Micro-waves set which type of motion in the molecules.
3. H2, Cl2, CO2 etc. are microwave in-active whereas CO, HCl, CN etc. are microwave active. Explain.
4. What is the expression for rotational constant?
5. What is the spacing between the microwave spectral lines?
6. What are the energy levels for J = 0, 1, 2 & 3.
7. What is the selection rule for microwave spectroscopy?
8. Why certain molecules interact with the microwave radiations?
9. What must be the physical state of existence of a substance to give microwave spectra?
10. Angular momentum is conserved during the transitions in rotational energy levels. (T/F).
11. There is no zero point energy of rotating molecules. (T/F).
12. Write the expression for ΔE between two rotational energy levels.
13. Give the relation between rotational energy & rotational constant.
14. The internuclear distance of CO is 1.13Å. Calculate the energy in joules& in eV, and angular velocity of the
molecule in 1st excited rotational level. How many revolutions CO can make at this level.
15. The microwave spectrum of CN consists of series of equally spaced lines separated by 3.7978 cm -1. Calculate
the internuclear distance.
16. In HCl, microwave spectrum consists of series of equally spaced lines separated by 20.8 cm -1. Calculate the
internuclear distance.
17. The successive line separations in rotational spectra of C12O16 and CxO16 are 3.84235 cm-1 and 3.67337 cm-1
respectively. Calculate x.
Vibrational Spectroscopy
1. Frequency of vibration is independent of amplitude of vibration. (T/F).
2. CO2 molecule is not having permanent dipole moment yet IR active. Comment.
3. Absorption of IR radiation sets rotational & vibrational motion in a molecule. (T/F).
4. Energy required for stretching is more compared to bending. (T/F).
5. What are the conditions required for a molecule to be IR active?
6. In a polyatomic molecule with N atoms, the number of fundamental vibrations for non-linear & linear molecules
is ________________ & ________________ respectively.
7. Is the IR spectrum of a molecule is its finger print?
8. What do mean by zero point energy?
9. The fundamental vibrational frequency of CO is 2140 cm-1. Calculate the force constant of the molecule.
10. Calculate the force constant of HBr if wave length of max. absorption is 3.77µm.
11. Calculate the vibrational frequency in cm-1 of stretching vibration of C=C in ethene. The force constant is 106
dyn/cm.
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