Workshop Theory and Practice
ACTIVITY 2: Drilling Operations
1.1 Program Outcomes (PO) Addressed by the Activity
a. apply knowledge of mathematics and science to solve real life engineering problems
b. use skills and knowledge in using engineering tools necessary for engineering practice
1.2 Activity’s Intended Learning Outcomes (AILO)
At the end of this activity, the student shall be able to:
a. understand each parts and functions of different types of Drilling machine
b. operate the Drilling machine
1.3 Objectives of the Activity
The objectives of this activity are to:
a. have knowledge with the parts and functions of a drilling machine
b. use the drilling machines properly with considerations to the safety measures when
using them
1.4 Principle of the Activity
One of the important machine tools in the workshop which is invented by Mr. Arthur James
Arnot and William Blanch Brain. It is a machine for drilling, tapping, boring, reaming, counterboring,
and tapping holes. A power operated machine tool which holds the drill in its spindle rotating at high
speeds and when actuated move linearly against the work piece produces a hole.
ACTIVITY 2: Drilling Operations
Parts and Functions:
• Base - It carries the entire weight of the machine and transfer the weight to the ground.
Generally made of cast iron steel
• Column - It uses a radial column so that the movement of the arm is possible in a clockwise
or anti-clockwise direction. Made of cast iron or steel is also very rigid so that it can carry
the load of the arm as well as a drill head.
• Worktable - Generally made of cast iron and it is mounted on the column. The table can
move up and down as also right or left according to the job and tool arrangement. The
motion table can be given by hand as well as by some electrical mechanism.
• Drill Head - A drill head is consisted of various feed and driving mechanism. A drill chuck
is mounted over it. A drill head can slide up and down as per the requirement of the job.
• Feed Mechanism - Rack and pinion are used to convert the rotational movement from
electrical motor or by hand to the straight- line movement.
• Spindle - It is a circular taper shaft which helps to hold the drill chuck. It is made of high
carbon chromium steel or stainless steel or steel alloys.
Working Principle:
When the hand-wheel is rotated, it is converting the rotational motion to the linear motion by
means of rack and pinion. The setup consists of Rack(has fine grooves), Pinion, Chuck and the
Drill bit. The drill bit has placed in the chuck and the chuck is connected to rack and when the
hand-wheel rotates, the Pinion is inserted in the grooves of Rack[shown in the fig.] and thereby
the rotational motion is converted to linear motion and as this mechanism is running by means of
Rack and Pinion called as Rack and Pinion mechanism.
ACTIVITY 2: Drilling Operations
1.5 Materials/Equipment
Work piece No. 1
Manual hand drill
Portable electric drill
Drill press with standard accessories
Rip saw
File
Scriber
Punch
Hammer
Hard Wood 60 mm x 60 mm x 10 mm
Work piece No. 2
Mild Steel (Carbon 0.15 % to 0.3%) flat bars
Drill Press
H.S.S. Drill bit
Center Punch
Steel Ruler
Personal Protective Equipment’s (PPE’s)
1.6 Figures
Work piece No. 1
ACTIVITY 2: Drilling Operations
Work piece No. 2
ACTIVITY 2: Drilling Operations
1.7 Procedure/s
PROCEDURE:
Work piece No. 1
1. Work piece is cut and filed first to get the required dimensions.
2. Using Scriber, lines are drawn to get center hole at the indicated location.
3. Punch the center using Punch and Hammer.
4. Fix firmly the work piece at the vice of the Drilling Machine.
5. 3/8” drill bit is fixed firmly in the chuck and drilling is performed.
6. Remove the drill bit and replaced by a reamer.
7. Reaming operation is performed on the hole which has been drilled previously.
8. The work piece is removed from the vice for quality checking.
Work piece No. 2
1. Prepare all equipment and materials needed.
2. Mark the part to be drill using a center punch.
3. Set up the drilling machine.
4. Set the machine to the required R.P.M.
5. Attach the right drill bit in the chuck and make sure it is tight.
6. Hold the materials in the table of the drilling machine.
7. Conduct the drilling operation.
SAFETY PRECAUTION:
1. Always wear proper PPE
2. Keep distance from rotating parts of machine.
3. Take all the measurements when machine is at rest.
4. Switch off machine immediately if it causes any unsound noise (chattering etc.).
5. Always trip Circuit Breaker/Emergency Stop after finishing your work.
6. Leave the cutting tool away from chuck after completion of your job.
7. Clean your machine properly by brush after machining and observe the proper
maintenance guidelines
ACTIVITY 2: Drilling Operations
1.8 Activity Report
Section: Date Performed:
Course Code: Date Submitted:
Course Title:
Professor:
Group No.: Activity No.:
Group Members: Signature:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
1.8.1 Data and Results
1.8.2 Observations and Conclusion/s
1.8.3 Rating
ACTIVITY 2: Drilling Operations
