MINI RESEARCH

CONTEXTUAL ORAL LANGUAGE SKILLS

“Improving speaking skills through role play”
Lecturer : Willem Saragih, [Link]., [Link].
Yeni Erlita, [Link]., [Link].

CREATED BY :

RESYALWA AZZAHRA HARAHAP (2203321009)

DIK 20 F

FACULTY OF LANGUAGES AND ARTS

ENGLISH DEPARTMENT
MEDAN STATE UNIVERSITY
2020
 PREFACE

Praise be to the presence of Allah SWT. Thanks to His grace and guidance, the author was
able to complete a paper entitled Contextual Oral Language Skills on time.

Papers are prepared to fulfill the Contextual Oral Language Skills course assignments. In
addition, this paper aims to add insight into Contextual Oral Language Skills for readers as
well as for writers.

The author would like to thank Sir Willem Saragih, [Link]., [Link]. and Maam Yeni
Erlita, [Link]., [Link]. as Lecturer in the Contextual Oral Language Skills course. Thanks
are also extended to all those who assisted in the completion of this paper.

The author realizes that this paper is far from perfect. Therefore, suggestions and constructive
criticism are expected for the perfection of this paper.

Medan, May 2021

The writer

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 TABLE OF CONTENT

Preface.............................................................................................................i
Table of Content.............................................................................................ii
CHAPTER I
1.1 Background.................................................................................................1
1.2 Purpose.......................................................................................................1
1.3 Benefit.........................................................................................................1
CHAPTER II
2.1 Theoritical Framework...............................................................................2
2.2 Methodology...............................................................................................3
CHAPTER III
3.1 Conclusion..................................................................................................5
3.2 Suggestion...................................................................................................5

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 CHAPTER I

1.1 Background
Speaking is productive skill of language learning. It involves communicative
performance, and other important elements, such as, pronunciation, intonation, grammar,
vocabulary, etc. They should be taught in any language learning to make the learners able
to use the target language to communicate.

Speaking is the skill that the learners will be judged upon most in real-life situation. It is
an important part of everyday interaction and most often the first impression of a person
is based on his/her ability to speak fluently and comprehensibly. Thus, the teachers have a
responsibility to prepare the learners as much as possible to be able to speak English in
the real-life situation.

Speaking skills in English is a person's skill for convey desires and thoughts to anyone
verbally with use English. These speaking skills are difficult to develop if they are not
trained continuously through interactions between English users. This matter aims to
improve students' effective speaking skills as users English is a speaking skill that is
owned by a person if he can and able to master the problems and topics of conversation.

So in this paper, I would like to show you all the readers to know that the ability of
students in speaking English through role play.

1.2 Purpose
The purpose of this study was to determine whether role play can improve students'
abilities
speaking skills.

1.3 Benefit
The benefit of this study is in order all the readers can applied this methodolody for thw
way they train their speaking skills. For the teacher will be applied it on the class which is
the students will do it.
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CHAPTER II

2.1 Theoritical Framework

Speaking is one of the important skills that should be mastered students in
order to communicate in English fluently and clearly. Speaking involves interaction
with one or more participants (Harmer, 2001:271) this means that effective speaking
also involve a good deal of listening. Speaking take places everywhere and became
parts of our daily activities. Speaking is the most difficult skills to be mastered by the
students, among the four skills (listening, speaking, reading and writing).
Rees (2004) states “speaking is fundamental to human communication”.
Communication can help people to interact with others. It is also the process of
expressing and receiving the ideas. In the school, the students can learn about the
language but the only way to learn to use it for communication. In fact, in teaching
speaking, the teacher should cover some aspects such as fluency, accuracy,
pronunciation and choices of proper words for the appropriate the expression.
Learning English does not mean just learning about the structure and vocabulary, but
also learning how to speak the language for communication to one another. Students
get involve in communication because they have ideas and feeling they want to share.
This sharing cannot be done in one way, but there must be senders and receivers to
built a conversation. On the other hand, having wide speaking students can
communicate effectively even though they may be weak at the grammar and
vocabulary. It means that teacher must pay a lot attention on enriching student
speaking.
According to brown and Yule (1994) speaking is an interactive process of
constructing meaning that involves producing and receiving and processing
information. It’s form and meaning are dependent on the context in which it occurs,
including the participant themselves, their collective experiences, the physical
improvement, and the purpose of a speaking. speaking requires that learner not only
know how to produce specific point of language such a grammar, pronunciation or
vocabulary, but also they understand when, why and what ways to produce the
language.
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In fact, the low level achievement of speaking ability students was because
there were many factors that influence speaking ability especially in pronunciation,
grammar and vocabulary. The writer identified the problem by the topic that
expression of happiness the students found difficulties pronunciation in expression of
happiness, lack of vocabulary and students were still shy to speak. Another reason is
caused by the inappropriate techniques used by the teacher in teaching speaking
ability. Whereas, teaching English as foreign language requires the use of effective
learning methods, techniques or activities that promote the speaking ability.

In order to overcome this situation there was an effective way that teaching
speaking ability can be done through some various activities that can progress
speaking ability. We can choose one of the language teaching activities that are
suitable with the level of the students. One of them is by using role play activity as a
technique in teaching and learning process.

2.2 Methodology
Role play is important in teaching speaking because that gives students an
opportunity to practice communication in different social context and in S 3 different
social roles. In addition, that also allows students to be active and to put students in
another person’s place for a while. Role play technique is the way to teach speaking
by setting up the students in the situations in pair of groups. This means putting two
or more students together and giving students handouts sheet, which they can read and
study first taking.
Based on the explanation above the writer would like to conduct Classroom
Action Research to solve the problem. The writer would like to use role play
technique in improving speaking ability in class. Through role play technique there
are so many advantages for students in earning process. The students can be more
motivated and challenged to communicate using English in their daily life because
they have practice in classroom.

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 As a mean of communication, language has an important role to get or to share
the information we may use written or spoken language, but if we want to convey the
ideas directly we need to speak. We can say that people are not able to comprehend
the language if they cannot use the language in speaking, so it is important for people
to have a good speaking ability.
Steps of role play:
Teacher should choose a good technique in teaching English speaking skill.
The teacher can implement these following steps in role play recommended by
Tomlinson A. and his friends:
a) Use everyday examples and situations. Teacher selects the situation to teach. The
situation should be relevant and similar to situations that students will encounter
in their works.
b) Summarize the role play situation and clarify the objective
c) Choose the students or who want to be volunteers
d) Facilitate the role play situation
e) Make it exciting and fun
f) Pause or rewind the action
g) Create an unexpected situation
h) Ask for feedback and asses performances.

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 CHAPTER III

3.1 Conclusion
Based on the statement above, teacher need to be more care about the ability students
in speaking skills. Teacher and students need to change their method in teaching and
learing. The use of role play can make speaking and learning activity more enjoyable
and interesting. It’s because role play help the shy students in speak by providing an
opportunity, the students with difficulty in conversation are liberated. In addition, it is
fun and most students will agree that enjoyment leads to better learning.
3.2 Suggestion
According to the writer, she noticed some advantages from applying this technique as
follow:
a) The students can interact with their friends which make them motivate to
speak while playing attention the speaking aspects.
b) The students can correct themselves on grammar, pronunciation and increase
their vocabulary after repeating the script.
c) The other researcher are hoped to do better researcher to the technique which
had been applied by the researcher in this presents study; in addition, it is also
expected that role play can be applied not only for teaching speaking skill but
also for teaching other skills.