CHAPTER II

REVIEW OF CONCEPTUAL LITERATURE AND RELATED STUDIES

This chapter presents local and foreign citing that support the topic of the

study. Trough in-depth researches, the researchers were able to have

interrelated results and credible proofs in undertaking the effectiveness of

Electricity Generator Tiles Project.

Conceptual Literature

According to Thitima Jintawan (2020) The design of an energy harvesting

floor is capable of converting mechanical energy from people’s footsteps to

electrical energy. The system, compromising the translation-to-rotation

conversion mechanism, the EM generator, and the power management circuit

system, generates electricity from people’s footsteps. It can generate more

averaged energy than others, and it can provide more energy that the 24-

generator due to resistance during the transience, and the softer spring can

convert translation motion to higher rotational speed of the generator which can

produce more power.

According to Itika Tandon and Alok Kumar (2014) This method of

generating electricity by the use of piezoelectric material has already being

started in many countries viz Japan, Israel, Netherlands. Use of piezo-electric

material is eco-friendly causes no pollution. It is an inexpensive way of

generating electricity and is easy to install. In future this method will be a

promising method for generating eco-friendly electricity. We also contribute this

etc. This method will exploit different areas of electricity generation.

According to Chun Kit Ang (2019) The conversion of kinetic energy from

human footsteps into the electricity energy is considered as one of the renewable

energy techniques. This research had demonstrated the feasibility of generating

electricity with simple mechanism of rack and pinion. Furthermore, this research

proposed to place the mechanical footstep power generator in order to generate

higher output power with better efficiency.

According to Mathane Nitashree (2015) Piezoelectric materials have

crystalline structure. They can convert mechanical energy in the electrical energy

and vice versa. The produced electrical energy from piezoelectric crystal is very

low in the order of 2-3 volts and is stored in battery to charge controller, since it is

not possible to charge 12v battery through crystal output. To increase the

voltage, the boost converter circuit is used. Comparison between various piezo

electric material shows that PZT is superior in characteristics. Also, by

comparison it was found that series- parallel combination connection is more

suitable. The weight applied on the tile and corresponding voltage generated is

studied and they are found to have linear relation. It is especially suited for

implementation in crowded areas.

9
Related Studies

According to Raziel Riemer and Amir Shapiro (2011) Biomechanical

energy harvesting from footsteps presents a promising clean alternative to

electrical power. Energy harvested from the human body and describe the

amount of energy that can be harvested from body heat and from motions of

various parts of the body during walking.

According to Iqbal Mahmud (2018) The waste energy of human during

walking is used in this system. Footstep is an uninterrupted and renewable

source of energy. The system repeatedly operates in a short duration of time and

is not possible for the turbine to maintain a constant speed. As a result, voltage

variation occurred which is controlled by a voltage regulator. The total system of

the power generation using footsteps depend mainly on the angle of attack of the

flowing medium. High voltage dynamo should be used to produce more

electricity. Though many systems are available for power generation from

footsteps, the proposed system is very economical and affordable.

According to R. Mohanapriya (2021) Footstep power generation

structure is economical, reasonable energy solution to common persons. It

can be used for many applications in rural areas where power

availability is less or totally absence. the power using footstep get its energy

requirements from the non-renewable source of energy. It is very useful to the

places all roads and as well as all kind of footstep which is used to generate the

nonconventional
energy like electricity. It is one of the
10 smart systems here is no need of power

from the mains and there is less pollution in this source of energy.

According to Patel Kamlesh (2018) The waste energy in form of human

walking is utilized in the system. it is very useful at crowded places to install this

system to produce electricity. This system is smothering and less noisy in

operation and provide flexibility in working. This system plays an important role

for producing electricity at places where there are no sources of electricity like

village areas. This energy source is renewable and continuous.

According to Humaun Kabir (2017) The project "POWER GENERATION

USING FOOT STEP" is successfully tested and implemented which is the best

economical, affordable energy solution to common people. This can be used for

many applications in rural areas where power availability is less or totally

absence. As a fact only 11% of renewable energy contributes to our primary

energy. If this project is deployed then not only we can overcome the energy

crises problem but this also contributes to create a healthy global environmental

change.