Table of Contents

1. Introduction: ................................................................................................................................ 5

1.1 Rationale of the Study:.......................................................................................................... 6

1.2 Aims and objectives: ............................................................................................................. 6

1.2.1 General objectives:......................................................................................................... 6

1.2.2 Specific objectives: ........................................................................................................ 7

1.3 Background of the study: ...................................................................................................... 7

1.4 Methodology: ........................................................................................................................ 8

1.5 Limitations: ........................................................................................................................... 8

2. Literature Review: .................................................................................................................... 10

3. Company Profile of Bangladesh Tourism Board: ..................................................................... 14

3.1. Introduction: ....................................................................................................................... 14

3.2 Vision and Mission of BTB: ............................................................................................... 16

3.2.1 Vision: .......................................................................................................................... 16

3.2.2 Mission:........................................................................................................................ 16

3.3 Bangladesh Tourism Board Act: ......................................................................................... 17

3.4 Promotion & Marketing of Bangladesh tourism board: ..................................................... 18

3.4.1 School of Life: ............................................................................................................. 18

3.4.2 ICC Cricket World Cup 2011: ..................................................................................... 18

3.4.3 Digital Marketing Campaign: ...................................................................................... 19

3.4.4 Bangladesh Folk Festival 2011: ................................................................................... 19

3.4.5 Participation in Foreign Tourism Exhibitions: ............................................................ 20

3.4.6 World Tourism Day 2011 observed with the theme ‘Tourism – Linking Cultures’: .. 20

4. Duties as an intern:.................................................................................................................... 22

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5. The key approaches to sustainable tourism development in Cox’s Bazar: ............................... 24

5.1 Planning and policies for sustainable tourism: ................................................................... 26

5.2Rohingya issue, its problems and possible solutions: .......................................................... 28

5.2.1 Economy ...................................................................................................................... 29

5.2.2 Environmental .............................................................................................................. 29

5.2.3 Social-culture ............................................................................................................... 29

5.2.4. These may be the possible solution of this Rohingya crisis: ...................................... 31

5.3 Carrying capacity ................................................................................................................ 31

5.4 Climate change; its problems and possible solution: .......................................................... 32

5.4.1 Impact of Climate Change ........................................................................................... 33

5.4.2 Increased Natural Disasters.......................................................................................... 34

5.4.3 Sea Level Rise.............................................................................................................. 34

5.4.4 Impact on Infrastructures ............................................................................................. 34

5.4.5 Possible solution of climate change impact ..................................................................... 35

5.4.5.1 REDD+ ..................................................................................................................... 35

5.4.5.2 Ecosystem-based adaptation ..................................................................................... 35

5.4.5.3 Climate policy ........................................................................................................... 36

5.4.5.4 Climate-friendly land use .......................................................................................... 36

5.4.5.5 Blue carbon ............................................................................................................... 37

6. Recommendation and Conclusion ............................................................................................ 39

6.1 Recommendations: .............................................................................................................. 39

6.2 Conclusion .......................................................................................................................... 40

References: .................................................................................................................................... 43

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3
 CHAPTER: 01
INTRODUCTION

4
1. Introduction:
Globalization has added a new trends in the sector of tourism. Tourists are becoming very much
interested in travelling to remote and exotic destinations of the world. In response to this growing
need many destinations in Asia reconstructed their tourism sector to attract this segment of
tourists. Bangladesh has invested its capital on its low costs ‘sun and sand’ tourism appeal to
international tourist. Yet its ‘sun and sand’ product named Cox’s Bazar surely attracted mass
volume of local tourist over last three decades, which led to concern over protection of natural
resources in the area. Tourism must be planned and managed in a sustainable way in order to
ensure the security and suitable economic practices of the natural and human environment in host
parts because its backgrounds lie in the wider idea of sustainable development which is with us
for many years. The aim of sustainability is undoubtedly squeezing the environment, people and
the economic system Tourism development have both optimistic and adverse impacts on any
destinations. Sustainable tourism development tries to keep a balance in these influences in order
to generate a better quality of life for the host municipality and the destination. The aim of
sustainable tourism is not just to protect the environment. It also involves with long term
economic viability and social justice. By sustainable tourism development, we strongly
understand all significant stakeholders who are involved and active participants as well as strong
political leadership who make sure wide participation and union building. Attaining sustainable
tourism, it is not just a constant procedure. It also needs continual observing of impacts and
whenever necessary the controlling corrective measures should be taken. Sustainable tourism
development which fulfills our needs without negotiating the ability of people in future to meet
their requirements. For instance, support human right and democratic movement and share socio-
economic benefits with local people. The government needs to make sure that local people get
benefit economically from tourism sectors and provide direct financial support for conservation
and support local economy for example, taking part in small business or purchasing goods
service. It also creates environmental awareness, respect the local culture, protect ecosystem and
seek out business that are environmentally friendly.

5
1.1 Rationale of the Study:
In spite of having a good potentiality to be developed and promoted as one of the sustainable
tourism in cox’s bazar there is a big gap exists to reach there. The main causes behind this
situation are lack of local peoples, policy makers, and tourism service providers’ awareness
about sustainable tourism, its benefits and its positive impacts on the cox’s bazar’s natural
environment, cultural heritage, local economy, and society. Moreover, little research and lack of
activities to enlighten the local peoples and related stakeholders on developing and promoting
cox’s bazar as a sustainable tourism destination made the scenario worsen. Cox’s bazar receives
much less attention and promotion from the policy makers and from both the public and private
sectors of Bangladesh. This study will try to find out the actual condition of the tourists’
experience whilst visiting cox’s bazar and whether there is any possibility to develop and
promote cox’s bazar as a sustainable tourism destination. The present study will show the level
of service provided by the public and related private sectors and their contributions to develop
and promote cox’s bazar as a sustainable tourism destination. This study will also suggest the
ways to promote sustainable tourism in cox’s bazar and to protect its natural, cultural and
environmental heritages. Moreover, the present study will also highlight the impacts of
sustainable tourism to the local people and the payback they will get from it. Finally, this paper
will show the ways of making cox’s bazar as a sustainable tourism destination which will create
employment and other benefits for local people whilst protecting and up keeping the
environment for present as well as future generations.

1.2 Aims and objectives:

The aims and objectives of this study can be divided into two categories.
1.2.1 General objectives:
Investigate into the impacts of tourism development and associated activities in the study area
and explore possible ways of improvement of the current situation.

6
1.2.2 Specific objectives:
1. The objective of this study is to look out the possible ways to develop and establish cox's
bazar as a sustainable tourism destination by identifying the tourists’ actual experiences while
visiting cox's bazar, their degree of sensitivity to the environmental pollution, and the positive
and negative factors that affect their visits.
2. Moreover, the study aims to focus on the promotional aspects through which cox's bazar can
be identified as a sustainable tourism destination compare with other destinations in Bangladesh.

1.3 Background of the study:

The United Nations Conference on the Human Environment in Stockholm in 1972 gave birth to
the first true notion of sustainable development, which was called ”Eco development” in those
days. This founding conference was held in an atmosphere of conflict between the ecology and
the economy. The integration of social equity and ecological caution were incorporated into the
economic development models for North and South. This would result in the creation of the
United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) and the United Nations Development
Programme. (UNDP, 2005.) The idea of sustainable tourism is a phenomenon since 1968 in
Italy, think tank known as the Club of Rome. This group united scientists, economists, national
and international civil servants, and industrialists from 53 countries. It studies the difficult
problems that face all societies, whether industrialized or developing as it is observed from past
few decades that many traditional agriculture systems were founded in the principal of
sustainability. (Legrand, 2015.) It is also observed that technological innovations and population
pressures have brought social and economic change that led to the progression of industry and
urbanization. For instance, the industrialization in the UK changed the economy, society and
even natural environment. Some people say that if it were not controlled, the process might have
devastated the physical environment which directed to the poor quality of life of the population.
To realize these some industrialists established parks to ensure that future generation would have
some green space to enjoy in the heart of industrial cities. Likewise, as industrialization directed
to urban extension and decay in public health. This is in turn governments and local councils
initiated to take action to the long term future of towns and cities. (Legrand, 2015.)

7
1.4 Methodology:
This research is based on a qualitative approach to collect secondary data from case study
destination and previous research and theories collaboration. Veal (2006) argued that qualitative
research is particularly effective in collecting culturally specific information about the values,
norms, behaviours and social context of the particular population. Jennings (2001) argued that
qualitative research is considered as a vital technique in social science which is based on the
interpretation of the research and the formulation of the findings. Moreover information will be
collected from Bangladesh Tourism Board, Bangladesh Parjatan Corporation; Tourism
academics; local policy makers; local tourism and hospitality entrepreneurs; employees and
students. Information collected from these sources will be analyzed in more details to make this
report.

1.5 Limitations:
There are certain limitations in conducting this study. Research on Sustainable tourism
development requires a lot of time. The time frame of this study is three months which is very
minimal. There are some other limitations. These are:
1. There are a lot of information available regarding sustainable tourism development in
Cox’s Bazar but it is very hard to collect the authentic information and integrate those
information.
2. Sustainable tourism development includes environment, economic and social-cultural
aspects of the particular destination. These aspects specially environmental and economic
aspects may change very frequently which may make it difficult to implicate the findings.

8
 CHAPTER: 2
LITERATURE REVIEW

9
2. Literature Review:
Several studies are done on sustainable tourism development in Cox’s Bazar. But most of them
are not abstract. There require a much more studies to fully utilize the benefits of sustainability.
As example, Murthy argues that adopting less formal process of sub-regional cooperation would
help grow sustainable tourism (Murthy, 2008). Ali and Mohsin claim that development of
sustainable tourism mostly depends on domestic and global environment (Ali & Mohsin, 2008).
Katsoni asserts that developing cooperation among European Union (EU) and Turkey can widen
the business of their tourism products; thus, it will help grow the country’s economy (Katsoni,
2014). Nevertheless, this research was conducted based on European Union and Turkey’s
tourism framework. Policy makers and other professionals in Bangladesh acknowledge the
significance of cooperation with SAARC regions for advancement of tourism and discuss it
through seminars and conversations (Alam, 2012). Parveen (2013) conducted an empirical study
to find out the current status of sustainable tourism development in Cox’s Bazar and compared
the growth of Bangladesh’s tourism to other SAARC countries’ tourism (Parveen, 2013). She
has not broadly examined why tourism policies in Bangladesh are inactive and how sustainable
tourism development in Cox’s Bazar can be achieved through the cooperation of other countries.
As a result, it is obvious that any qualitative or quantitative research with profound emphasis on
this particular topic has not taken place yet.
Lawal Mohammed Marafa has highlighted the importance of the coastal area in developing
sustainable tourism. Although these coastal and marine resources clearly provide amenities for
tourism activities, there is the need to focus on practical concerns of environmental protection if
the area will continue to serve as a viable resource for alternative tourism. Locally, although
efforts have been made in designating pristine coastal areas as parks, reserves and sites of
specific scientific interests (SSSIs), there has to be an enhanced framework for monitoring and
management as suggested by highlighting the need for sustainable tourism development and
CZM plan (Wong, 1998; Liu and Hills, 1999; Willmott, 2000).The frameworks for sustainable
coastal tourism development and CZM articulated and presented in this paper can be a starting
point. Where this is not effective, negative environmental consequences could occur as a result
of uncontrolled visitation and activities reminiscent of mass tourism. It is pertinent to note that
simply getting “protected” status for an environmentally sensitive area without proper
management offers little assurance of success (Johnston, et. al., 1991).As many countries saw

10
tourism as a panacea for development, many governments embraces tourism plans based simply
on economic logic. Where this was done, it quickly produced negative long-term environmental
impacts, destroying the resources that have attracted tourists. Although tourism is undeniably on
of the pillars of Hong Kong economy, recent strategies have identified the environment as a core
factor in strategic plans. As a component of alternative tourism, it is indeed the diversity of
habitats and life forms especially endemic species that make Hong Kong coastal area unique. But
the ecological richness is under threat from a combination of factors of which marine tourism
and ecotourism are part of. In Hong Kong, the designation of protected areas under the aegis of
marine parks, country parks and reserves reflected a political clout with governments backing.
Consequently conservation themes and management responses have similarly been initiated,
albeit on site-specific areas. But there is need for further research as enumerated by the
integration of coastal zone management plans and sustainable development themes. While this
trend is set to continue to grow, people are now focusing more and more on ecotourism with
sustainable development and sustainable tourism as ideal frameworks. But there is difficulty in
finding a formula for sustainable tourism. The framework suggested here, when implemented
and adhered to, could be a starting example.
In the report framework for sustainable tourism development on coastal and marine zone
Environment, it is noted that accepting the notion of sustainable tourism and with a growing need
for success, researchers have been suggesting the need for further applying the integrated coastal
planning and management (ICPM) and integrated coastal zone planning (ICZP) frameworks as
ways of planning and managing coastal environments (Sorensen, 1993; Capobianco and Otter,
2000). As tourism is an environmental phenomenon, it stands to be boosted and sustained by
adhering to the tenets of ICPM and ICZP, which together are referred to as coastal zone
management (CZM) initiative in this paper. Indeed, coastal management is highly complex
straddling human and environmental systems resulting into conflicts in development as indicated
earlier. The concept of CZM has developed from the struggle to find a mechanism to balance the
demands on coastal resources, promote their sustainable use and manage individual activities
including those associated with tourism. CZM is an embracing concept which encompasses
aspects of resource management and the management of user enterprises and services especially
when tourism plays an important aspect of the area. As there is increasing awareness of the wide

11
range of issues facing the environment of the coastal areas, the elements of CZM are rooted in
environmental concerns and have grown in parallel to calls for sustainable development.
The arguments of Mr. Zakir Hossain (2017) involved in this discussion revealed that tourism
development in developing countries significantly impacts due to territorial economic, physical,
cultural, socio-cultural developments along. As a result, Tourism is considered as a machine of
infrastructures development, earning foreign currencies, employment development, increase the
local image, community development, improve the overall living standard, cultural exchange,
and preservation of tradition and heritage. However, this development seems to be of noteworthy
and more beneficiary if negative impacts that are identified in this paper can be minimized,
Such as cultural conflicts between different groups (hosts-guests, tourism industry-hosts,
tourism-tourists, and hosts-hosts), socio-cultural and religious conflicts. The arguments of this
paper showed that though tourism development in developing countries brings significant
benefits for the nations, but many countries often ignore or tolerate the negative issues including
cultural clash, socio-cultural impact, cultural pollution and religious conflicts for the economic
force of sources. Therefore, this paper highlights how quality higher education on tourism can
help developing sustainable tourism in Cox’s Bazar.

12
 CHAPTER: 03
COMPANY PROFILE

13
3. Company Profile of Bangladesh Tourism Board:
3.1. Introduction:
UNWTO is proud to support the Government of the People’s Republic of Bangladesh’s decision
to form the ‘Bangladesh Tourism Board’ (BTB) as the acting ‘National Tourism Organization’
(NTO) of Bangladesh. The Board will play the leading role of promoting and marketing
Bangladesh Tourism domestically and internationally. BTB will also be engaged in formulating
tourism plans and policies for the development of tourism, along with attracting foreign
investment in the tourism sector. Mr. Alim Uddin Ahmed will be taking on the challenge of the
BTB’s first ever CEO.

Formation: 2010
Headquarters: Dhaka, Bangladesh
Region served: Bangladesh
Official language: Bengali
Website: Bangladesh Tourism Board
Number of board employees: 17
CEO of the board: Akhteruzzaman Khan Kabir

Table 01: Basic information of BTB

The formation of the BTB is yet another positive step for the Bangladesh tourism industry in
2011, after launching the campaign, “Bangladesh Tourism Year 2011” earlier this year. Through
such positive actions and increased awareness of the potential of tourism within the country, the
Bangladesh tourism industry is set for a promising future. The newly formed Bangladesh
Tourism Board (BTB) shaped to promote tourism in the country appears to be another Parjatan
Corporation as the government has decided to appoint bureaucrats to the top 30 posts of the
board. BTB recently designed an organ gram wherein top officials will be appointed from the
cadre service that might hamper, experts apprehended, the prospective sector’s growth in the trap
of red tape. Such type of board is supposed to be a statutory body and operated by professionals

14
for the wellbeing of the sector, said the experts. According to the Tourism Board Act, a
government officer or a tourism expert will be appointed as the Chief Executive Officer (CEO).
However, the government has selected the CEO from among government officers, sidestepping
professionals, sources said. Sources in the BTB said 154 posts have been created in the organ
gram where 30 top posts will be filled with government administrators. At present, a deputy
secretary is working as the CEO of the tourism board. A top BTB official, recently appointed to
the board, told the FE: “Only a tourism expert is eligible for being on the board as an employee.
Otherwise the board wouldn’t be effective; rather it would be a burden for the government like
the Parjatan Corporation.” On September 13, 2010, the government formed BTB to boost the
tourism sector. Later, the government appointed 17 people as members of the board. Of them, 12
were bureaucrats. There are also representations from Association of Travel Agents of
Bangladesh (ATAB), Tour Operators Association of Bangladesh (TOAB) and Tourism Resort
Industries of Bangladesh and 2 resource persons on tourism. However, the majority are from
government administrative officers. Bangladesh Parjatan Corporation (BPC) took up some
activities for tourism development after its inception in 1972. The BPC Ordinance gave mandate
to promote and develop tourism, build country’s image abroad, acquire and establish tourism
infrastructure, organize safari tourism, set up travel agencies, train up human resources and
regulate the country’s tourism industry. However, BPC could not do anything up to the
expectation. BPC’s failure induced both private and government quarters to raise voice for doing
something in an alternative way. That is why the government made the Tourism Act 2010 to
establish BTB to meet the demand of the industry people. Sources said according to the proposed
organ gram, there are three directors, seven deputy directors and 19 assistant directors on the
board and deputy secretaries, senior assistant secretaries and assistant secretaries will hold those
posts respectively. A tourism analyst and Dhaka University Tourism and Hospitality
Management teacher Dr. Mohammad Badruzzaman Bhuiyan said the board was formed to
regulate and oversee the entire tourism industry though its bureaucrat-based set-up would
hamper its operation. He said, “Despite its bureaucratic set-up, I want to be optimistic as there
are lots of opportunities of expanding the tourism industry in the country.” A former official of
Parjatan Corporation told the FE: “According to the Tourism Act 2010, BTB was supposed to be
operated by professionals. But now it seems that the board would be another branch of Parjatan
Corporation and a dumping ground of bureaucrats.” “No one wants this type of organization.

15
Another Parjatan Corporation wouldn’t be able to bring anything good to the tourism sector,” he
added. BTB started its operation from the Tourism Ministry secretariat with only 10 employees.
Later, it started its full-fledged function at its new office at Goshen in the city from March this
year.

3.2 Vision and Mission of BTB:

3.2.1 Vision:
Develop Bangladesh as an Exotic Tourist Destination.
3.2.2 Mission:
1. Develop Bangladesh Tourism Board as an Organization of excellence with adequate authority
and capacity to regulate / facilitate tourism industry in Bangladesh;
2. Develop and maintain international standard tourism products and ancillary facilities;
3. Involve government and encourage private sector in developing physical infrastructure i.e.
road, rail, air and waterways for easy accessibility;
4. Ensure security & safety of the tourists;
5. Take initiative for simplifying visa and immigration formalities for tourists;
6. Encourage pro-poor tourism industry for their economic betterment and empowerment;
7. Develop ecotourism based on nature and ethnic culture;
8. Enhance the balance of payment, create employment opportunities, alleviate poverty and
create social harmony through tourism activities;
9. Enhance marketing of tourism products at home and aboard;
10. Develop human resource in tourism sector;
11. Build a strong public-private partnership in the tourism industry;
12. Promote and maintain close cooperation with regional and international counterparts of the
industry;
13. Handover the commercial units to the private

16
3.3 Bangladesh Tourism Board Act:

1) To construct various rules under the law where the main objective is to fill in the gap of
existing tourism rules and let regulations proceed.
2) To develop Tourism Industries through various planning related activities and side by side
give advice as well as directions.
3) To create general awareness regarding tourism protection, development and exploration.
4) To execute responsible tourism through creation of some helping hand on behalf of
government like as personal sector, local people, local admin, NGO, women federation, media.
5) To create better communication channel for the International Tourists Organizations in
Bangladesh with both government and private tourism related organizations.
6) To create a strong and safe foothold for the Bangladeshi Tourist by coordinating with
respective government organizations.
7) To create a tourism friendly environment in Bangladesh and to market its tourism potential in
both domestic and foreign nations.
8) To develop human resource for tourism sector by creating training facilities and to provide
them with the right directions.
9) To attract tourists by maintaining quality and relevant material which in turn can provide
smooth tourism service and ensuring necessary actions that need to be taken for maintenance.
10) To ensure the participation of physically challenged people.
11) To protect women rights and ensure their participation in the tourism sector.
12) To research on tourism industry, to survey international markets and to analyze the data.
13) To support the small tourism based industries and to provide them the right direction.
14) To organize tourism related fairs and to encourage tourism through various promotional
techniques.
15) To create a database regarding tourism prospects.
16) To comply with whichever duty imposed by the Government.

17
3.4 Promotion & Marketing of Bangladesh tourism board:
Since its inception in July 2010, the Bangladesh Tourism Board has been resolutely promoting a
positive image of Bangladesh to the world. A few examples of promotion & marketing can be
seen below:
3.4.1 School of Life:
On the occasion of the ICC Cricket World Cup 2011 and for the first time in the history of
Bangladesh a Television Commercial titled ‘Beautiful Bangladesh (School of Life)’ was
produced in order to be transmitted during the opening ceremony. On the 17th of February 2011
the 3.30 minute a Television Commercial for attracting tourist into Bangladesh was aired during
the opening ceremony of the ICC Cricket World Cup 2011. The Television Commercial was
viewed by an audience from more than 180 nations which was highly praised and appreciated all
over the world. Later on this television commercial was aired in various tourism film festivals
and it had obtained the best television commercial award in many events. This television
commercial has most recently obtained the 3rd best television commercial award at the
prestigious Zagreb Film Festival. Such a feat has been able to uplift the image of Bangladesh in
front of the global audience.
3.4.2 ICC Cricket World Cup 2011:
The 2011 Cricket World Cup was jointly hosted by India, Sri Lanka and Bangladesh. The
International Cricket Council had selected the Bangladesh Tourism Board as the local partner for
the 2011 Cricket World Cup in Bangladesh. The Bangladesh Tourism Board had completed the
assigned responsibilities with great success. Informational Kiosks were setup at various locations
during the World Cup. The Hazrat Shahalal International Airport in Dhaka, the Sher e Bangla
National cricket Stadium in Dhaka and the Shaheed Zahur Ahmed Stadium in Chittagong were
prime locations for tourists. These informational kiosks were setup in order to attract the
international spectators of the cricket matches; for marketing the tourism aspect of Bangladesh to
the foreigners. A special Tourism help line number 13801 was also launched during the Cricket
World Cup Event in order to help the interested tourists with valuable tourism information of
Bangladesh. Such an initiative was highly successful and it had garnered a lot of praise from not
only the foreign tourists but also the general public of Bangladesh. The Bangladesh Tourism
Board also setup advertisement billboards in order to attract tourists at various important
locations of Bangladesh. A total of 27 billboards were setup in prime locations during the World

18
Cup in Dhaka. The logo of Bangladesh Tourism Board were engraved on the International
Cricket Council approved Cricket Wallet, Billboard, Fascia, Display Stand, Tickets. The logo of
Bangladesh Tourism Board was also imprinted on the pitch mat near mid-wicket position in the
8 cricket matches which were held in the Dhaka and Chittagong venues. The tourism aspects of
Bangladesh were highlighted through printed pictorial advertisements pasted into the official
International Cricket Council match souvenirs. Due to the special tourism campaign which was
initiated during the ICC Cricket World Cup 2011, Bangladesh was able to become attractive as a
tourist destination towards the global audience.
3.4.3 Digital Marketing Campaign:
The Bangladesh Tourism Board had created its own website www.tourismboard.gov.bd in order
for digital marketing campaign. Another website labeled www.visitbangladesg.gov.bd which
was created during Cricket World Cup 2011 was Re-vamped for the digital marketing campaign.
Through such activities of Bangladesh Tourism Board it had led to greater creation of awareness,
shaped a better image and developed tourism potential for Bangladesh in the global scenario.
3.4.4 Bangladesh Folk Festival 2011:
In order to promote the enriched folk history of Bangladesh to the foreign media journalists
covering the ICC World Cup 2011, Bangladesh tourism board arranged a day long program
named “Indigenous Fair / Folk Festival”. Honorable Chairman of Bangladesh Tourism Board
long with ICC Media Manager inaugurated the ceremony in the presence of all the media of
Bangladesh. The arrangements of the festival were quite spectacular. The participants were the
renowned folk fashion houses of the country, local cuisines, and historical facts on Dhaka,
Sundarbans voting stalls etc. There were 40 different stalls given by 40 different ventures that
mainly display and sold their products in the fair. Most of them came from different parts of the
country to show their own regional tribal culture and tradition. Many reputed Bangladeshi
boutique shop also gave their shops in the indigenous fair. Every item was quite unique and
different from each other. The visitors got a very good experience of varieties product in the
same place. Other than craft items there were also some traditional food item stall in the fair.
They were serving different tasty Bangladeshi food in the fair which led to a very good response
from the visitors. In the program, there were many interactive arrangements available for the
visitors at the event. Some of them were snake charming, face paint, bador nach etc. A
spectacular cultural program was held at the end of the fair. Many famous singers and artists of

19
the country performed to entertain the foreign guests. The event ended with a banquet which
carried the real Bangladeshi cuisine flavor. Around 2000 local people attended the fair. Foreign
and local media people were also present in the fair time. Many hotel guests also visited the fair
and appreciated the initiative taken by Bangladesh Tourism Board. The Bangladesh Tourism
Board personnel worked tirelessly to ensure the event was successful. Folk Festival was highly
covered by both print and digital media of Bangladesh. Some of the foreign media also covered
the information about the program into the internet. In a short it can be said, it was a successful
event from the perspective of both foreigner and local crowd.
3.4.5 Participation in Foreign Tourism Exhibitions:
In order to increase the attractiveness of Tourism in Bangladesh and to promote the country, the
Bangladesh Tourism Board launched “Visit Bangladesh Campaign”. In order to facilitate this
project the Bangladesh Government had allocated a total of Sixty Six Crore Taka. The
Bangladesh Tourism Board had taken various initiatives under this massive project.
3.4.6 World Tourism Day 2011 observed with the theme ‘Tourism – Linking Cultures’:
World Tourism Day was observed across the country like elsewhere around the globe with a
target to attract one million foreign tourists by 2014. The president, Zillur Rahman, and the
prime minister, Sheikh Hasina, issued separate messages on the occasion. In his message, the
president urged all concerned to project glorious culture of the country to the international level
for the promotion of tourism sector.

20
 CHAPTER: 04
DUTIES AS AN INTERN

21
4. Duties as an intern:
As a student of Tourism & Hospitality Management, I think it’s a very good opportunity to learn
more about tourism from being an intern in national tourism organization Bangladesh Tourism
Board. I joined in Bangladesh Tourism Board in 1 January, 2018 as an intern and worked till 31
March 2018.
The things I have learnt from BTB or I do here are the followings:
 Communicating with the local and foreign tourists
 Gathering information about different national and international tourism activities.
 Managing events and seminars under the banner of Bangladesh Tourism Board.
 Attending meetings as an intern to have some guidelines.
 Creating meeting minutes.
 Preparing power point slides for giving presentation in the meeting.
 Preparing weekly report to provide information about the recent activities of Bangladesh
Tourism Board.
 Answer phone inquiries, direct calls, and provide basic company information
 Perform clerical duties, take memos, maintain files, and organize documents; photocopy,
fax, etc. as needed
 Assist in preparing information and research materials
 Sort and manage files
 Oversee mail deliveries, packages, and couriers
 Take notes and memos during meetings
 Run general industry related errands

In addition, each intern will be required to work on tasks that is unique to his or her own personal
interests that is also beneficial to the growth and promotion of BTB. This task is discussed and
determined in conjunction with the Executive Director, and is due upon completion of the
internship. There are three different focuses for interns that will be decided based on skills and
interests. The different positions merely allow for an intern to be in charge of this specific area.

22
 CHAPTER: 05
THE KEY APPROACHES TO
SUSTAINABLE TOURISM

23
5. The key approaches to sustainable tourism development in Cox’s
Bazar:
The United Nations World Tourism Organization defines sustainable tourism as tourism that
meets the needs of present tourists and host regions while protecting and enhancing opportunity
for the future. Rather than being a type of product, it is an ethos that underpins all tourism
activities. As such, it is integral to all aspects of tourism development and management rather
than being an add-on component. The objective of sustainable tourism is to retain the economic
and social advantages of tourism development while reducing or mitigating any undesirable
impacts on the natural, historic, cultural or social environment. This is achieved by balancing the
needs of tourists with those of the destination.

-WTO

Sustainable tourism development guidelines and management practices are applicable to all
forms of tourism in all types of destinations, including mass tourism and the various niche
tourism segments. Sustainability principles refer to the environmental, economic, and socio-
cultural aspects of tourism development, and a suitable balance must be established between
these three dimensions to guarantee its long-term sustainability.
Thus, sustainable tourism should:
1. Make optimal use of environmental resources that constitute a key element in tourism
development, maintaining essential ecological processes and helping to conserve natural heritage
and biodiversity.
2. Respect the socio-cultural authenticity of host communities, conserve their built and living
cultural heritage and traditional values, and contribute to inter-cultural understanding and
tolerance.
3. Ensure viable, long-term economic operations, providing socio-economic benefits to all
stakeholders that are fairly distributed, including stable employment and income-earning
opportunities and social services to host communities, and contributing to poverty alleviation.

24
 Figure 01: Three aspects of sustainable tourism development

Cox's Bazar is one of Bangladesh's biggest tourist destinations. Tourism in this area has been
leading to the development of infrastructure and superstructure facilities such as hotels,
restaurants, and airport and so on. But numerous problems are being created by these
development actions. Huge crowds, unplanned hotel construction, poor waste management,
security problems, etc., are just some of them. For tourism to flourish in this area in a sustainable
manner, control measures by the authorities must be taken. The authorities should adopt effective
strategies—such as involving locals in decision-making and protecting the environment—to
address issues that are sensitive to society and environment. There should also be more
coordination between different levels of administrative structures, local governments and
stakeholders.
In order to develop sustainable tourism in Cox’s Bazar the main initiatives have to be taken by
the government with the involvement of all types of stakeholders. Proper and absolute policies
and planning have to be established considering all the aspects of sustainable development
covering environment, economic and social-cultural aspects.

25
5.1 Planning and policies for sustainable tourism:
The basic requirement of governance for sustainable tourism is that there should be effective and
proactive engagement of the key public and private stakeholder bodies whose policies, planning
and actions can affect the impact of tourism. These are included:

 national tourism ministries, organizations and agencies;

 other government ministries, organizations and agencies, especially those are relating to
the environment and sustainable development;
 representatives of private sector enterprises, such as representatives of hoteliers, food and
beverage businesses, transportation businesses, recreational business and so on.
 other supporting bodies with social, environmental and community interests and expertise
– including NGOs, educational institutes and other representative bodies;
 representatives of traditional authorities.

The management of tourism impacts on Cox’s Bazar can be affected by a range of tools.
UNWTO and UNEP have identified a framework of management instruments, grouped under
five headings (UNEP/ UNWTO, 2005).
These are as follows:
Measurement instruments – used to determine levels of tourism and impact, and to keep
abreast of existing or potential changes: indicators and monitoring.
Command and control instruments – enabling governments to exert strict control over certain
aspects of development and operation, backed by legislation: legislation, regulation and
licensing; land use planning and development control.
Economic instruments – influencing behaviours and impact through financial means and
sending signals via the market: taxes and charges; financial incentives.
Voluntary instruments – providing frameworks or processes that encourage voluntary
adherence of stakeholders to sustainable approaches and practices: guidelines and codes of
conduct; reporting and auditing; voluntary certification.

26
Supporting instruments – through which governments can, directly and indirectly, influence
and support enterprises and tourists in making their operations and activities more sustainable:
infrastructure provision; capacity building; marketing and information.

The three main pillars of sustainable tourism development in Cox’s Bazar; environment,
economic and socio-culture must have to be considered deeply while formulating policies and
planning. A strong committee must be formulated in order to develop tourism policies. The
committee must involve personnels who are expert in sustainable tourism development and the
involvement of the teachers of Tourism and hospitality Management, University of Dhaka in this
committee can add a great dimension in this development program as they are the most
knowledgeable personnels regarding tourism and its development in Bangladesh
Tourism is a new phenomenon in Bangladesh and it has a lack of tourism experts. Though there
are some national tourism organizations in Bangladesh like BTB and BPC, these organizations
do not have enough tourism expert personnels. So the involvement of the teachers of Tourism
and hospitality Management, University of Dhaka in this committee is a must.

The committee has to consider the following areas in developing policies.

 Develop and identify a better understanding of sustainable tourism development in Cox’s

Bazar and its contribution to well-being and inclusive growth, and provide governments
with coherent policy advice on how to deliver a fairer distribution of benefits to society
as a whole.
 Carry on to work with governments and other national and international organizations to
identify and share effective approaches to delivering integrated policy responses that
promote sustainable and inclusive tourism growth.
 Enhance dialogue with the private sector, to better incorporate the essential perspective of
industry in the development and implementation of tourism policy.
 Support the development of innovative tourism policies that contribute to the short and
long time sustainable tourism development and result in enhanced economic, social and
environmental outcomes.

27
  Contribute to the development of policies and programs to disburse the benefits of
tourism to regions and local communities.
 Work with governments to provide an environment to encourage the creation and growth
of small-scale tourism businesses, stimulate innovative product development, generate
quality employment, support local communities, and integrate SMEs into global value
chains.

At present there are some major problems exist in this largest sea beach area of the world. These
problems are the real threats to the sustainable tourism development in Cox’s Bazar area.
These problems and their possible solution can be defined as follows:

5.2Rohingya issue, its problems and possible solutions:

Almost 1 million people known as Rohingya have left their country Myanmar because of the
threat to their life and taken shelter in Teknaf, Cox’s Bazar district, Bangladesh. The brutal
killing of the Rohinga people and violence against them for several decades by the government
of Myanmar have forced the Rohingyas to leave their country and take shelter in neighboring
country Bangladesh. At present this Rohinga issue can be considered as the greatest threat to the
sustainable tourism development in Cox’s bazar.
As the number of Rohinga refugees is increasing dramatically, the Cox's Bazar-based tourism is
depressingly being made to brace for a prolonged crisis. The way things keep unfolding in the
entire district, real bad times appear to be awaiting businesses related to the tourism sector
centered on the site, the largest tour destination in the country. Finding the occupancy of hotels,
motels and the rest houses below expectation in this pre-winter peak season, many of their
owners apprehend dreadful days ahead. The Cox's Bazar town is now reported to be on way to
be overrun by the refugees in search of livelihood. Residents of the city have expressed their
concern at the clandestine entry of the Rohingya refugees. The most worrying fact is that many
of them are found elbowing out local laborers in sea-going fishing boats and rickshaw-pullers on
cheaper wages and fares.
The Rohingyn people may involve in different types of malfeasance activities and collapse the
entire social and economic structure of the region. One of the most important aspects of
28
sustainable tourism development, social aspect, may face a dramatic change because of
Rohingya crisis.
This crisis has also the possibility to change the economic and environmental structure of the
region. They are already cutting down a huge number of trees for their shelter and are trying to
be a cheaper source of unskilled labor. As a result local people may loss their job and it will lead
to a great social anarchy.

5.2.1 Economy
Refugees have not only hampered the tourism industry but they have also impacted the local
economy that has seen an upsurge in prices of daily consumption. Apart from the local economy
these refugees are huge burden on the national economy. This underdeveloped economy does not
know how to deal with providing basic necessities to this large influx. The aids from different
groups, Non-Governmental Organisations (NGO) are assisting in this process. However there is
huge gap between the demand and the supply of food, water, medicines and medical facilities.
.
5.2.2 Environmental
The refugee camp built up has a bearing on the agricultural fields and natural habitat of the area.
Several camps have been built on the tracks that elephant follows: the result has been unfortunate
trampling of refugees by the elephant. This might soon give rise to the man and animal conflict
which will further impact the refugees’ equation with the localities.

5.2.3 Social-culture
The Rohingya people are found involved in different types of illegal activities. They are caught
selling drugs to the local area of Cox’s Bazar. Soon they may involve in robbery, theft and other
illegal social activities. They beg for money to the foreign tourists in the sea beach area and this
type of activities is creating a very bad impression to the tourists about this country.

29
So, the major problems which are created by Rohingya crisis are

 They are causing a huge damage to the nature and environment as they are cutting a lot of
trees for their land and shelter.
 They are involving in different types of illegal social activities.
 They are causing harassment for the tourists.
 They are becoming a great source of local labor which is creating conflicts among the
local people and Rohingya.
 Giving shelter for 1 million refugees results of a lot of economic pressure and this
pressure also adversely affects the local economics condition.

Figure 2: Rohingya refugees cut hill to make their makeshift shelter near Balukhali in Cox's
Bazar,

30
So, it can be said that all the aspects of sustainable tourism development; environment, economic
and social-cultural aspects, in Cox’s Bazar are being dramatically affected by Rohingya crisis. If
we cannot overcome this refugee crisis, then our tourism development in Cox’s Bazar in a
sustainable way will suffer a lot.
Without any other choice the government has to take necessary steps to overcome this Rohingya
crisis.

5.2.4. These may be the possible solution of this Rohingya crisis:

 The government has to take proper steps for pushing back these refugees to their country
through diplomate discussion.
 The security of the refugee camp must have to be tighten so that they could not escape
from the camp and get mixed with the local people.
 They can be shifted to any other island far from this tourism area till any absolute
solution of this crisis comes out.
 Private and all other NGO’s have to be encouraged to work on to minimize the negative
impacts of this crisis on tourism.

5.3 Carrying capacity

As the success of any coastal tourism venture is dependent upon maintaining a healthy
environment, most problems related to coastal development are the results of placing too much
stress on limited coastal resources, a condition known as ‘exceeding the carrying capacity’.
Carrying capacity is not a fixed amount and varies with geographic areas as well as with the
degree of human use. Carrying capacity can be physically, environmentally, or socially limited.
In areas where there are many coastal resources users, it may not be prudent to plan a hotel
development. The impacts from the hotel and associated tourism may exceed the area's carrying
capacity, resulting in increased user conflicts and decreased resource sustainability and economic
losses for all involved. A careful pre-study must be conducted to determine the suitability of an
area for tourism development in regards to carrying capacity. A tourist development not only
includes the actual building to house the tourists but also the inevitable restaurants, shops, and

31
service facilities that accompany it. All of these must be considered to determine impacts on
carrying capacity.
Coastal tourism developers must consider how their project will affect the coastal ecosystems.
As these systems are interconnected, developers must assess the extent to which their actions
will affect the coastal region as a whole. Activities such as filling a wetland or mangrove will
increase the amount of pollutants reaching nearby shore waters, reduce local fish stocks by
removing habitat and breeding grounds, and reduce nutrients near shore waters. This will cause
economic and social losses to other user groups as well as to the tourism sector due to decreased
water quality. A healthy coastal region will thus attract tourism, while a polluted one will
discourage it. The local community must not be kept isolated from activities carried out near its
locality which may affect the local residents’ usual route to work and leisure activities.

5.4 Climate change; its problems and possible solution:

Because of the negative effects of climate change world's longest sea beach at Cox's Bazar,
Bangladesh is currently facing with serious destructions. The sea has developed almost one
kilometer inside and is devouring landmass every day. A huge area including agricultural fields,
houses, roads and other installations along the beach have already been taken away by the
swelling sea. Because of this climate change, the most popular tourism destination of the country
are now facing with frequent natural calamities.
Erosion may occur in the absence of climate change, however, there is mounting evidence
pointing to the relationship between climate change effects, (including sea level rise, intense
storms, or coral bleaching) and beach erosion. These changes pose an enormous threat to tourism
at the coastal destinations. Shoreline tourist facilities and accommodation, beach sports and
activities and access to beach will be hindered due to climate change impacts.
Rising sea levels are likely to have profound effects for recreation along all marine shorelines.
For a beach backed by a sea wall, as in many resort towns, the prediction is that increased
erosion would lead to a lowering of the beach. Depending on the supply of sand, the beach
facility could be totally lost with subsequent undermining of the stability of the sea wall. Other
coastal habitats used for recreation such as sand dunes. Shingle banks and even soft earth hills
would also be affected, as would build recreational facilities along the shore.

32
Risks Direct impacts Indirect impacts
-Increased magnitude of costal -Causality & high mortality - Loss of summer tourism
natural disasters.
-Visit restriction - Reduced local employments
-Long and short-term coastal
inundation. - loss of tourism infrastructure - High investment requirement

- Loss of shorelines, land and -Damage to roads, coastlines -shift of tourist destination
increased salinity. facilities
-Minimization of development
activities

-High degree of safety and

efficiency requirement

Table 02: Climate Change Risks and Impacts on Cox’s Bazar

These naturally calamities eventually will affect the all three pillars of sustainable tourism
development; economic, environment and social. Under this circumstances, aggressive actions
must be taken to protect the natural resources of Cox’s Bazar sea beach. It can be mentioned here
that the recent Cancun Summit has declared to form a 'Green Fund' to rise and provide financial
assistances to protect countries affected by climate change. It is sincerely expected that the
international agencies and NGO’s will join the Bangladesh government's efforts to protect the
Cox's Bazar sea beach against the destructive effects of climate change.

5.4.1 Impact of Climate Change

Bangladesh is already vulnerable to many gradual change phenomena of climate change as well
as climate change related extreme events. It is expected that climate change will bring changes in
characteristics of gradual change phenomenon and natural hazards which will result changes in
physical, social and production system. Bangladesh is already evidencing the adverse impacts of
global warming and climate change. The following impacts have been observed in the study
area.

33
5.4.2 Increased Natural Disasters
The impacts of global warming and climate change are worldwide. For Bangladesh they are most
critical as large part of the population is chronically exposed and vulnerable to a range of natural
disasters. Already, the human suffering and cost to development is massive to this country and
its people who are victims of human induced global warming. Between 1991 and 2000, 93 major
disasters were recorded in Bangladesh, resulting in nearly 200,000 deaths and causing US $ 5.9
billion in damages with high losses in agriculture and infrastructure. There is a close relationship
between natural disaster and climate change. It is predicted that climate change has a wide range
of severe outcome of action. Some of them are consisted of long term impacts (Flood, Excessive
Rainfall etc.) and others have instant impacts (Cyclone, Storm Surge, Tornado etc.).

5.4.3 Sea Level Rise

The level of the surface of the sea with respect to the land, taken to be the mean level between
high and low tide, and used as a standard base for measuring heights and depths. Bangladesh has
been ranked as the 3rd most vulnerable country in the world to sea level rise in terms of the
number of people and in top in the terms of percentage of population living in the low elevation
coastal zone. Therefore the threat of the communities being forced away due to the effects of
climate change is one of the severe on earth (McGranahanet al, 2006).

5.4.4 Impact on Infrastructures

Infrastructures in coastal area are highly vulnerable to extreme natural disasters especially to
floods, cyclone, storm surge and tornados. Among the disasters, floods and cyclone are the most
destructive to infrastructures. Infrastructural damage constitutes about 40% of the total damage
that occurs during extreme flood and cyclone (Mirzaet al., 2001). Types of infrastructure that are
typically damaged include: settlement, roads, bridges, culverts, drainage structure, shops, market
place, education, hospital, electric supply system, energy infrastructures, water supply and
sanitation infrastructures.

34
5.4.5 Possible solution of climate change impact
Science indicates that our planet faces dramatic and lasting changes due to warming of our
global surface temperature. Unless we take significant actions today to reverse greenhouse gas
emissions trends and to enhance climate resilience, we risk irreversible damage to our planet.
Conservation International (CI) is leveraging nearly 25 years of experience in science, policy,
markets, and finance and field activities to advance five critical climate change solutions:
5.4.5.1 REDD+
REDD+ is a suite of policies, institutional reforms and programs that provide developing
countries with financial incentives to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and to enhance economic
growth by preventing the destruction of their forests. The acronym stands for Reducing
Emissions from Deforestation and forest Degradation “plus” conservation, the sustainable
management of forests and enhancement of forest carbon stocks.
Importance: A global REDD+ mechanism presents a key opportunity to generate the funding,
political will, and internationally agreed-upon policies and economic incentives necessary to
protect forests and combat climate change, while improving human well-being in developing
nations. Reducing greenhouse gas emissions from deforestation and forest degradation is among
the most immediate and cost-effective climate change solutions—cutting deforestation by 50
percent alone offers up to 30 percent of global mitigation potential by 2020.
5.4.5.2 Ecosystem-based adaptation
The term “ecosystem-based adaptation” refers to the use of natural systems as a way to buffer the
worst impacts of climate change, maintain the resilience of natural ecosystems, their ecosystem
services and the species that support them, and help people adapt to changing conditions.
Ecosystem-based adaptation is an important and often-overlooked complement to other modes of
adaptation, which include infrastructure development and technological solutions—from levees
to desalination systems. Ecosystem-based adaptation also refers to conservation actions—such as
watershed protection—that protect people from the impacts of climate change.
Importance: Protecting and restoring nature is an effective, cost-efficient and sustainable way to
buffer the impacts of climate change. Ecosystem-based adaption measures can be implemented
alone or in conjunction with other approaches. But failure to invest in protecting the ecosystems

35
that supply clean water and food, protect coastal areas and serve other vital functions will put
millions of lives and livelihoods at risk.
5.4.5.3 Climate policy
We seek a global climate agreement, international, national, and local climate policies that
recognize the fundamental role of natural ecosystems in regulating the climate and in providing
resilience to global change. These policies must prevent or at least dramatically reduce the
destruction and degradation of natural ecosystems while offering sustainable and adequate
incentives for their protection and the essential services they provide. Specifically, CI supports
robust policies on aggressive emission reduction targets, REDD+ implementation, and an
adaptation framework. These policies must be based on the “free, prior and informed consent” of
people most directly affected. Indigenous peoples and local communities must be full
participants in national decision-making processes, and they must have assurance that any
agreements take into account their traditional knowledge and practices, livelihoods and well-
being. Furthermore, indigenous and local groups should receive fair compensation for
conserving areas for climate regulation.
Importance: Climate change is a global crisis requiring all nations to unite with common
resolve to take aggressive, transformative actions. World leaders must forge and implement a
global agreement commensurate with the enormity of the climate challenge. Earth is already
experiencing impacts of climate change that could threaten our ability to produce sufficient food
and to pursue sustainable and equitable economic development. We must stabilize greenhouse
gas emissions at a level low enough to prevent dangerous climatic disruption—350-450 parts per
million CO 2 equivalent (ppm CO 2 e)—and we must do it quickly to minimize human suffering
and ensure that ecosystems have enough time to adapt naturally to the now inevitable impacts of
climate change.
5.4.5.4 Climate-friendly land use
Climate-friendly land use comprises a suite of sustainable production and landscape management
practices that reduce greenhouse gas emissions and allow carbon to be maintained in forests,
other vegetation, pastures and soils. Most current land use practices are significant sources of
carbon dioxide—resulting in 30 percent of annual emissions, second only to fossil fuels. Certain
types of agriculture practices also emit high-impact greenhouse gases such as methane (CH 4)
and nitrous oxide (N 2 O).

36
Importance: Sustainable land-use practices have enormous potential to capture massive
amounts of carbon in vegetation and to ensure its storage in healthy soils. Most of these practices
also will improve production for farmers and provide communities with opportunities to adapt to
climate change. For example, tillage practices that maintain (or add) carbon stocks also improve
water retention capacity and increase the efficiency of nutrient use—both of which improve crop
yield. Similarly, how farmers spatially organize land use can improve water quality, control soil
erosion and increase carbon stocks on marginal lands not appropriate for intensive agriculture. A
diverse landscape with a mosaic of natural ecosystems and product zones is inherently more
resilient to drought, floods, wildfires, pests and other phenomena that will be exacerbated by
climate change.
5.4.5.5 Blue carbon
“Blue carbon” is the carbon stored by coastal and marine ecosystems. Mangroves, seagrasses,
and salt marshes store carbon both in the plants and in the sediment immediately beneath them.
Carbon is buried in the sediment at rates up to 50 times higher than those observed on land, and
these rates can be maintained for centuries or more.
Importance: Conserving key coastal and marine ecosystems, like conserving forests, is an
immediately available and cost-effective tool for removing greenhouse gases already in the
atmosphere. In addition, these habitats provide many other ecosystem services that are critical
for helping communities and biodiversity adapt to the impacts of climate change. Financing
mechanisms and management systems that value the role of forests in reducing emissions
already exist, but equivalent systems do not yet exist for marine and coastal ecosystems.

37
 CHAPTER: 06
RECOMMENDATION AND
CONCLUSION

38
6. Recommendation and Conclusion
6.1 Recommendations:
For Cox's Bazar, The administration and arranging stages ought to join powerful methodologies
to address issues that are delicate to social and ecological viewpoints like including local people
in basic leadership, give preparing, ensuring condition and so forth. There ought to be more
correspondence between various levels of managerial structures, neighbourhood governments
and partners to take dynamic part in the maintainable tourism administration technique. The
consequences of this investigation recommends that neighbourhood guests have direct to high
fulfilment level with the present sand and ocean item, constant change and global benchmarking
will in the end prevail with regards to pulling in remote guests in Cox's Bazar. Insofar as the
neighbourhood group profits by the exercises and condition don't confront facilitate debasement,
at that point tourism in Cox's Bazar will see positive development.

1 To develop sustainable tourism in Cox’s Bazar needs asses the resources for the national
economy and tourism development.
2. Evaluate the environment continuously and take up to date actions for developing sustainable
tourism in Cox’s Bazar.
3. The tourism authority should plan the destination development according to the tourism
destination planning.
4. Any kind of pollution should protect by taking proper waste management.
5. To develop tourism in a supportable way, firm control measures must be input.
6. As a final recommendation related to tourism research, it is also suggested that natural scientists,
economists, social scientists and decision-makers must all work together in order to produce studies
that are comprehensive and interdisciplinary, thus capturing the complexity and multi-faceted nature
of tourism itself.

39
6.2 Conclusion
Cox's Bazar has turned into the significant traveller goal in Bangladesh. Subsequently, there are
a huge number of lodgings, motels, bungalows and eateries that have been constructed
spontaneous route as development blast proceeds there crushing the rural grounds, slopes, and
woods. To guarantee sustainability in Cox's bazar, the administration need to expel every
impromptu inn, motels, bungalows, shoreline resorts, eateries, inadequate seepage framework,
development of ghetto, poor transport arrange and spontaneous mechanical exercises in Cox's
Bazar town on the grounds that these are key issues in charge of unsustainable tourism
development in this locale. On the off chance that this city is created non-reasonably it isn't
conceivable to shield nature and untamed life from the awesome risk and the legislature can't
guarantee maintainable business of poor people and impeded gatherings. It would be
troublesome for the nation to produce expected salary from this tourism goal, moderates nearby
culture, secure common asset and make business open doors for neighbourhood individuals. On
the off chance that it proceeds with along these lines, the nearby government can't advances
agrarian markets, bolster nearby items, expands tourism income, enhance expectations for
everyday comforts, decrease natural contamination, create foundation and open administrations
sooner rather than later in a manageable way. Cox's Bazar isn't without contamination. This town
faces natural contamination for example, water, air, sound, soil and polluting influence of
sustenance. Both local and universal vacationers leave no degradable substances in the shoreline
that reason difficult issue to the ocean and ocean shoreline. Tourism related associations need to
affirm great administration in nature and normal assets administration so as to build up a
straightforward tourism association, enhance responsibility and straightforwardness in all areas,
advance participatory and management technique in all regular property assets (CPRs) and
propel connect with all partners. Individuals should raise their voice against the advancement of
enterprises that emanate synthetic and noxious waste, especially the ship braking industry and
shrimp incubators, along the coastline. Contamination counteractive action law and strategies
ought to be strict with the goal that all industry regard all condition approaches, tenets and
controls. On the off chance that low service can guarantee appropriate social equity by nearby
government it is conceivable to stop sedate pirating and prostitution in this locale as well as
likewise the nation over. In this social equity frameworks, the case administration framework
ought not to be moderate, costly and tedious in the event that it does, it will hamper destitute

40
individuals' entrance to social equity. Bangladesh needs political security so as to pull in both the
outside and household sightseers what's more, the administration should consider proposing
nightlife occasions for outside and local voyagers with adequate security methods since travellers
don't come here to rest inertly in a lodging. Bangladesh tourism specialist need to make the
vacationers occupied all the time by various exercises with the goal that they can make the most
of their outing through encountering diverse critical occasions. Presently neighbourhood
chambers are apportioning a considerable measure of cash to build up the tourism business
without making long haul arrangements and there has not been sufficient arranging and
technique for the improvement of Cox's bazar. At the point when all above talked about will be
connected in Cox's Bazar, it will be a perfect goal for voyagers. So the act of maintainability
ought to be begun as soon as conceivable with a specific end goal to protect the vacationer goals,
bring constructive change for neighbourhood individuals, the tourism business and the visitor
themselves.

41
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