Georgia Department of Education
Common Core Georgia Performance Standards Framework Teacher Edition
Fourth Grade Mathematics x Unit 1
Constructing Task: Number Riddles
STANDARDS FOR MATHEMATICAL CONTENT
[Link].4 Find all factor pairs for a whole number in the range 1–100.
Recognize that a whole number is a multiple of each of its factors. Determine
whether a given whole number in the range 1–100 is a multiple of a given one-digit
number. Determine whether a given whole number in the range 1–100 is prime or
composite.
STANDARDS FOR MATHEMATICAL PRACTICE:
1. Make sense of problems and persevere in solving them.
2. Reason abstractly and quantitatively.
3. Construct viable arguments and critique the reasoning of others.
4. Model with mathematics.
5. Use appropriate tools strategically.
6. Attend to precision.
7. Look for and make use of structure.
8. Look for and express regularity in repeated reasoning
BACKGROUND KNOWLEDGE
This standard requires students to demonstrate understanding of factors and multiples of
whole numbers. Students should understand the process of finding factor pairs so they can do this
for any number 1-100,
Example: Factor pairs for 96: 1 and 96, 2 and 48, 3 and 32, 4 and 24, 6 and 16, 8 and 12.
Multiples can be thought of as the result of skip counting by each of the factors. When skip
counting, students should be able to identify the number of factors counted e.g., 5, 10, 15, 20 (there
are 4 fives in 20).
Example:
Factors of 24: 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8,12, 24
Multiples: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5…24
2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18, 20, 22, 24
3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, 21, 24
4, 8, 12, 16, 20, 24
8, 16, 24
12, 24
24
To determine if a number between1-100 is a multiple of a given one-digit number, some helpful
hints include the following:
• all even numbers are multiples of 2
• all even numbers that can be halved twice (with a whole number result) are multiples of 4
• all numbers ending in 0 or 5 are multiples of 5
MATHEMATICS y GRADE 4y UNIT 1: Whole Numbers, Place Value, and Rounding in Computation
Georgia Department of Education
Dr. John D. Barge, State School Superintendent
May 2012 y Page 93 of 114
All Rights Reserved
Georgia Department of Education
Common Core Georgia Performance Standards Framework Teacher Edition
Fourth Grade Mathematics x Unit 1
ESSENTIAL QUESTIONS
x How can we use clues and reasoning to find an unknown number?
MATERIALS
x “Number Riddles” Recording Sheet
GROUPING
Individual/Partner Task
TASK DESCRIPTION, DEVELOPMENT AND DISCUSSION
Students use logic, specifically deductive reasoning, to solve number riddles. This task gives
students an opportunity synthesize their skills with multiples, factors, place value, and numeric
expressions.
Comments
This task provides students with an opportunity to consolidate their understanding of factors and
multiples, prime and composite numbers, place value, and problem solving. In order for students to
be successful with this task, they should have an understanding of the elements required to solve the
problem on the task sheet.
Solutions given below:
Riddle #2 Riddle #3
Riddle #1 463
43 7632
Riddle #4 Riddle #6
Riddle #5 193
485 347
Riddle #7 Riddle #8
813 1205
Task Directions
Students work individually or in pairs to solve the number riddles provided on the “Number
Riddles” task sheet.
FORMATIVE ASSESSMENT QUESTIONS
x How can you find the factors of a number? Multiples of a number?
x How do you know if a number is even? Odd?
x What operation do you use if you are finding a sum? Difference?
MATHEMATICS y GRADE 4y UNIT 1: Whole Numbers, Place Value, and Rounding in Computation
Georgia Department of Education
Dr. John D. Barge, State School Superintendent
May 2012 y Page 94 of 114
All Rights Reserved
Georgia Department of Education
Common Core Georgia Performance Standards Framework Teacher Edition
Fourth Grade Mathematics x Unit 1
DIFFERENTIATION
Extension
x Have students write their own riddles on separate index cards. These can be collected and
used as warm-ups, centers, problem solving activities, etc.
x These types of riddles can be used as warm-up problems to reinforce critical thinking and
mathematical vocabulary. They can be adapted to include a variety of mathematical
concepts.
Intervention
x Have students use the “Number Riddles” Recording Sheet as a tic-tac-toe task where
students need to solve three riddles in a row, column, or diagonal.
MATHEMATICS y GRADE 4y UNIT 1: Whole Numbers, Place Value, and Rounding in Computation
Georgia Department of Education
Dr. John D. Barge, State School Superintendent
May 2012 y Page 95 of 114
All Rights Reserved
Georgia Department of Education
Common Core Georgia Performance Standards Framework Teacher Edition
Fourth Grade Mathematics x Unit 1
Name ________________________________________ Date ____________________
Number Riddles Recording Sheet
Use the clues to solve these number riddles.
Riddle #1 – Riddle #2 – Riddle #3 –
I am a 3-digit whole number between I’m a 2-digit whole number between I am a four-digit whole number
400 and 650. 30 and 80. greater than 6000.
My hundreds digit is divisible by 2 My tens digit is one more than my My thousands digit is prime.
but not 3. ones digit. My ones digit is the only even prime
My tens digit is a multiple of 3. I am a prime number. number.
My ones digit is ½ of my tens digit. What number am I? I am divisible by 4.
All of my digits are different. My tens digit is ½ my hundreds digit.
The sum of my digits is 13. All of my digits are different.
What number am I? What number am I?
Riddle #4 – Riddle #5 – Riddle #6 –
I’m an odd number between 250 and I am between 150 and 375. I am a three-digit whole number
700. All of my digits are odd. between 300 and 500.
I am divisible by 5. My tens digit is 3 times my ones My ones digit is the largest single
My tens digit is 3 more than my ones digit. digit prime number.
digit. My hundreds digit is my smallest My tens digit is even.
The sum of my digits is 17. digit. The sum of my digits is 14.
What number am I? None of my digits is the same. What number am I?
What number am I?
Riddle #7 – Riddle #8 – Challenge
I am a 3-digit odd number greater I am a four-digit whole number. Create two riddles of your own.
than 800. I am divisible by 5 but not 10.
My tens digit is 2 less than my ones My thousands digit is neither prime
Include the answer to your
digit. nor composite. riddle on the back of the paper.
I am divisible by 3 but not 5. My hundreds digit is 2 more than my
The sum of my digits is 12. tens digit.
What number am I? The sum of my digits is 8.
What number am I?
MATHEMATICS y GRADE 4y UNIT 1: Whole Numbers, Place Value, and Rounding in Computation
Georgia Department of Education
Dr. John D. Barge, State School Superintendent
May 2012 y Page 96 of 114
All Rights Reserved
