Khulna University of Engineering & Technology
Department of Leather Engineering
Course no : ME 3220
Sessional On Fluid Mechanics & Machineries
Lab Report
Experiment No: 05
Performance Test of a centrifugal pump connecting in
series and in parallel
Group A4
1719019 - Methodology
1719020- Application
1719021- Introduction
1719022- Objectives
1719023- Apparatus & instruments
1719024- Theoretical background
Date of submission: 31st May,2021
Introduction:
A centrifugal pump is a mechanical device designed to move a fluid by means of
the transfer of rotational energy from one or more driven rotors, called impellers.
Fluid enters the rapidly rotating impeller along its axis and is cast out by
centrifugal force along its circumference through the impeller’s vane tips. The
action of the impeller increases the fluid’s velocity and pressure and also directs it
towards the pump outlet. The pump casing is specially designed to constrict the
fluid from the pump inlet, direct it into the impeller and then slow and control the
fluid before discharge. It operates through the transfer of rotational energy from
one or more driven rotors, called impellers. The action of the impeller increases the
fluid’s velocity and pressure and directs it towards the pump outlet. With its
simple design, the centrifugal pump is well understood and easy to operate and
maintain. Centrifugal Pumps are useful since they can generally handle large
quantities of fluids, provide very high flow rates (which may vary with the changes
in the Total Dynamic Head (TDH) of the particular piping system) and have the
ability to adjust their flow rates over a wide range.
Objectives:
Ⅰ. To determine the flow rate (Q) for a single pump, two pumps in series
connection and two pumps in parallel connection.
Ⅱ. To measure the total head (H) developed by a single pump, two pumps in
parallel and two pumps in series.
Ⅲ. To draw the curves for Q, v, H for a single pump, two pumps in series and two
pumps in parallel.
Apparatus:
1. Series/parallel pump arrangement.
2. Manometer.
3. Water storage bucket.
4. Stop watch.
5. Scale.
Theoretical background:
A centrifugal pump is used to deliver a specified rate of flow of fluid through a
particular system. The total head necessary to overcome resistance to flow and to
meet the pressure requirement of the system always varies for different types of
flow phenomenon.
Two or more pump may be arranged for parallel or series operation to meet a wide
range of requirements in the most economical manner. In series operation, the inlet
of the second pump is connected to the outlet of the first pump so that the same
flow rate passes through each pump, but the heads generated by the two pumps are
added together for the given flowrate. In parallel operation each pump handles part
of the flow rate. The total flow rate passing through the system is equal to the sum
of the flow rate passing through the individual pumps at a given head, which is
applied on each pump
V 22−V 21 P 2−P
The total head development H = + + z2 – z1
1
2g ρg
Methodology:
• Before starting the motor, connect the magnetic pick-up to the pulse counter and
the torque transducer to a strain indicator.
• Balance the strain indicator to zero at zero load. Indirectly calibrate the torque
sensor using the precision calibration resistors provided (50 kohm or 60 kohm
resistor depending on torque sensor serial number) to simulate the load (torque)
noted on the specification sheet. Note: Since the pump operation is to be
counter-clockwise (negative), the precision calibration resistor is to be connected
across the green and black terminals of the strain indicator. (The shaft will rotate
CCW when viewed from the inlet side of the pump.)
• Close the head valve on the discharge pipe and start the motor. Check to see if
the pump discharge pressure increases. If there is no pump discharge pressure in
ten seconds, the pump is probably dry and must be primed. To prime the pump,
open the cap on the flowmeter and add water to fill the pump. Close the flowmeter
cap and start the pump again.
• Allow the pump to operate a few minutes before taking any data. During this time
period, open and close the discharge valve and observe the suction and discharge
pressure gages.
• Begin each of the two tests with the head valve open. Use the variable pitch
speed control knob to set the motor shaft speed as prescribed by the instructor.
There are 60 teeth on the gear (inside the torque sensor housing) that passes
through the flux of the magnetic pick-up. Deter mine the number of teeth per
second that is equivalent to the prescribed shaft RPM, set the pulse counter gate
Application:
Centrifugal pumps are used in a variety of applications. Almost 70-80% centrifugal
pumps are used in industry or for domestic purpose. centrifugal pumps are the
most popular choice for fluid movement makes them a strong contender for many
applications and as mentioned previously, they are used across numerous
industries. Supplying water, boosting pressure, pumping water for domestic
requirements, assisting fire protection systems, hot water circulation, sewage
drainage and regulating boiler water are among the most common applications.
Outlined below are some of the major sectors that make use of these
pumps:
1. Oil & Energy – pumping crude oil, slurry, mud; used by refineries, power
generation plants
2. Industrial & Fire Protection Industry – Heating and ventilation, boiler feed
applications, air conditioning, pressure boosting, fire protection sprinkler systems.
3. Waste Management, Agriculture & Manufacturing – Wastewater processing
plants, municipal industry, drainage, gas processing, irrigation, and flood
protection
4. Pharmaceutical, Chemical & Food Industries – paints, hydrocarbons,
petrochemical, cellulose, sugar refining, food and beverage production
5. Various industries (Manufacturing, Industrial, Chemicals, Pharmaceutical,
Food Production, Aerospace etc.) – for the purposes of cryogenics and
refrigerants.
Experimental Data:
Discussion:
Conclusion:
References:
1. http://www.bombayengg.com
