Disaster Readiness and
Risk Reduction
Quarter 2 – Module 1:
Hazard and Its Types
Name: ________________________
Lesson
1 Hazard and Its Types
This lesson introduces various concepts underlying hazard and determine types of
Hazard and its example. In the varied information given below it will help students
understand the major effects of hazards and how to prevent and avoid that to
happen. It will also serve as a warning signal for the students to be aware and extra
cautious.
These are the some definitions of Hazards from different sources:
According to Burton et al (1978), Hazard is defined as "Those elements of the
physical environment, harmful to man and caused by forces extraneous to him.
It is also defined as a source of potential harm or a situation with a potential to
cause loss (Standards Australia 2000).
A hazard is any object, situation, or behavior that has the potential to cause injury,
ill health, or damage to property or the environment.
As stated in Philippine DRRR law 2010, Hazard is a dangerous phenomenon,
substance, human activity or condition that may cause loss of life, injury or other
health impacts, property damage, loss of livelihoods and services, social and
economic disruption, or environmental damage.
What’s New
Identifying potential hazards can eliminate or control unintentional injuries,
property damage or even worst, losing one’s life that might happen in the future .
Activity 1.1: Let’s Know! SPOT THE HAZARD
Observe the picture and answer the
following questions below.
1. What objects do you see in the
illustration above? How many
objects are there on the table?
2. If you are going to shake the
table, which object would be
affected the most by the shaking?
Why?
3. Based on the picture what
object/s can be considered hazard?
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Activity 1.2. Let’s Know Deeper! SPOT THE HAZARDS
Find hazards on the given pictures and answer the following questions below
A. Hazard at home
Source: Danger in the kitchen, [Link], accessed October 2019,
[Link]
B. Hazard at school
Source: Slip, Trip and Fall Hazards, accessed March 9, 2015, www. [Link],
[Link]
2
C. Hazard outside
Source: Macky Lim, Sun Star Davao, June 2, 2020, [Link]
article/1801175
1. List down the 5 different hazards found at home, school and outside.
2. Classify the types of Hazards present on the given picture.
3. Can the effects of hazards be avoided? How?
Activity 2.4 Give your own definition of the term HAZARD by
completing the acrostic.
H-
A-
Z-
A-
R-
D–
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What is It
Let’s Learn
After identifying hazards in the previous activity, this part gives information about
the types of Hazard and its example.
Hazards can be categorized in different types:
1. Natural hazards - arise from natural processes in the environment.
e.g. earthquakes, tsunami, landslides, volcanic eruptions and floods
2. Quasi-natural hazards- arise through the interaction of natural processes and
human activities
e.g. pollution or desertification, smog and fog
3. Technological (or man-made) hazards- These arise directly as a result of
human activities.
e.g. accidental release of chemicals, toxic and pesticides to floral and fauna
Hazards Signs and Symbols
These signs and symbols with corresponding meaning below help people to be extra
cautious, aware and observant in surroundings.
Each picture is designed to become recognizable to anyone as a signal word like
“danger” or “warning”.
Technology or Man Made Hazards Signs and Symbols
FLAME
- Flammable
- Self-heating
- Emits Flammable Gas
- Pyrophoric
Source: Safety Symbols and Their
HEALTH HAZARD Meanings, February 1, 2018,
[Link]
ety-symbols-and-their-meanings-2/
4
- Reproductive toxicity
- Respiratory sensitizer
- Target organ toxicity
- Aspiration toxicity
Source: Safety Symbols and Their
Meanings, February 1, 2018,
[Link]
ety-symbols-and-their-meanings-2/
EXPLODING BOMB
- Explosives
- Self-reactives
- Organic Peroxides
Source: Safety Symbols and Their
Meanings,February 1, 2018,
[Link]
ety-symbols-and-their-meanings-2/
SKULL AND CROSSBONES
- Fatal or toxic
- Acute toxicity
Source: Safety Symbols and Their
Meanings, February 1, 2018,
[Link]
ety-symbols-and-their-meanings-2/
5
Natural Hazards Signs and Symbols
Source: Much Mania, Natural Disaster Warning Signs, Caution, Danger, Hazard Symbol Set, 2003-2020,
[Link]
Quasi-Natural Signs and Symbols
ENVIRONMENT
- Aquatic toxicity - Air toxicity
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What’s More
Activity 1.1 Arrange Me!
Choose the right example of types of hazards below and write it on the
corresponding table.
Natural Hazards Quasi-Natural Hazards Technological Or
Manmade Hazards
avalanche volcanic eruptions hurricanes
oil spill biological attacks landslides
mining explosions polluting ground water droughts
wild fires or bush fires dam failures fires
transportation accidents storm surge earthquake
train accident plane crashes tornadoes
falling objects typhoon floods
air pollution water pollution acid rain
global warming desertification smog
lightning sandstorm epidemic in human
plants and animals
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Activity 1.2 Match Me!
A. See the following pictures below and give the sign and symbol and its
description
1.
Source: Much Mania, Natural Disaster Warning Signs,
Caution, Danger, Hazard Symbol Set, 2003-2020,
[Link]
disaster-warning-signs-caution-danger-302759177
2.
Source: Wamsler, smog warning sign, grungy style,
vector illustration, [Link],
[Link]
vector-smog-warning-sign-grungy-style-vector-
[Link]
3. Source: Much Mania, Natural Disaster Warning Signs,
Caution, Danger, Hazard Symbol Set, 2003-2020,
[Link]
disaster-warning-signs-caution-danger-302759177
4.
Source: Safety Symbols and Their Meanings, February
1, 2018, [Link]
symbols-and-their-meanings-2/
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5.
Source: Safety Symbols and Their Meanings, February
1, 2018, [Link]
symbols-and-their-meanings-2/
B. Answer the following questions.
1. Have you seen the following signs before?
2. Have you encountered people who failed to comply with the hazards signs
and symbols?
3. What did you feel upon observing it?
4. Do you think it is important to know this precautionary signs? Why?
What I Have Learned
Complete Me!
Complete the following sentences by giving the appropriate answer needed in the
blank.
Hazard is __________________________. It becomes hazard when
__________________________. The different types of hazards are
__________________________, __________________________, __________________________.
We can minimize the effects of hazards through __________________________.
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Assessment
Read the following sentences carefully and choose the letter of the correct answer.
1. Which is not the meaning of Hazard?
A. Hazard is an agent which has the potential to cause harm to
vulnerable target.
B. Hazard cannot cause harm or damage to humans, property,
or environment.
C. Hazard is defined as the source of danger and is something that may
cause injury or harm. It is also the uncertain course of events in a
country
D. Hazard is a dangerous phenomenon, substance, human activity or
condition that may cause loss of life, injury or other health impacts,
property damage, loss of livelihoods and services, social and economic
disruption, or environmental damage.
2. Which is not an example of Natural Hazards?
A. Fires C. Landslides
B. Floods D. Tsunami
3. It is the type of Hazard that arises through interaction of natural processes
and human activities
A. Natural hazards C. Technological (or man-made) hazards
B. Quasi-natural hazards D. None of the above
4. Which is an example of Natural Hazards?
A. Avalanche C. Pollution
B. Plane crash D. Smog
5. This type of hazards arises directly as a result of human activities.
A. Natural hazards C. Technological (or man-made) hazards
B. Quasi-natural hazards D. None of the above
6. Which is not an example of Quasi- Natural Hazards?
A. Air pollution C. Volcanic eruptions
B. Smog D. Water pollution
7. Which is an example of Quasi- Natural Hazards?
A. Fog C. Storm Surge
B. Landslides D. toxic
8. It is the type of hazards that arises from natural processes in the
environment.
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A. Natural hazards C. Technological (or man-made) hazards
B. Quasi-natural hazards D. None of the above
9. Which is an example of Natural Hazards?
A. Dam failures C. Plane crashes
B. Sandstorm D. Smog
10. Which of the following is a man-made disaster?
A. Major fire C. Terrorism
B. Pollution D. All of the above
11. Bush Fire is an example of what type of Hazards?
A. Natural hazards C. Technological (or man-made) hazards
B. Quasi-natural hazards D. None of the above
12. Which one of the following is a type of Natural Hazard?
A. Acid rain C. Pollution
B. Oil spill D. Wild fire
13. What is drought?
A. No rainfall for a long continuous period
B. Heavy rainfall for a long continuous period
C. Moderate rainfall for a long continuous period
D. None of the above
14. Which is not associated with the word HAZARD?
A. Cautious C. Peril
B. Menace D. Risk
15. These are the example of Natural Hazards in the Philippines EXCEPT
A. Avalanche C. Volcanic eruptions
B. Lightning D. None of the above
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