PRAEFECTUS URBI 1.
Its function is to protect the city exercising both executive and
judicial power.
METROPOLITAN POLICE FORCE 2. It became the world’s first modern organized
police force. It became model for the American police system and other police forces in
Great Britain but also had great influence on the style of policing in almost all industrial
societies.
TRUE 3. Vollmer believed in the importance of proper training and education for police
and helped found the Berkeley School of Criminology, which evolved as an institution
dedicated to studying police problems and developing solutions.
PARISH CONSTABLES4. The primary urban law enforcement agents in England.
LAW 5. It also refers to the set of rules and regulations or orders, usually written,
created and enacted by the people that must be abided by the people themselves. In
specific, law is defined as a rule of conduct.
HUE AND CRY SYSTEM 6. It required every male between ages of 15 to 60 to keep a
weapon in his home as a means for keeping the peace.
FALSE 7. The Watch, are semiformal guards required to render policing during
daytime.
TEN TITHING8. This is done by grouping a hundred persons into one under the charge
of a High constable. Hue and Cry is employed. The constable who is considered the
first form of English Police deals with more serious breaches of the law.
SIR ROBERT PEEL9. He establish the London Metropolitan Police through
Metropolitan Police Act (a bill passed in Parliament in 1829).
10. This called London’s first professional police force (originally numbered just eight)
and was considered as the foundation to all modern police forces.
BOW STREET RUNNERS
11. This police force was designed to tackle theft and looting from ships anchored in the
Pool of London and the lower reaches of the river.
THAMES RIVER POLICE
12. This century marked Rome for the creation of the first specialized investigative unit
which was named as Questors or Trackers or Murderers.
5TH CENTURY
13. It refers to the act of enforcing; ensuring observance of or obedience to; that which
enforces, constraints, gives force, authority, or effect to.
ENFORCEMENT
14. This is performed by grouping ten persons together to protect one another and to
assume responsibility for the acts of the group’s members.
TITHING
15. He established a system of Mutual Pledge during the Anglo-Saxon Period.
ALFRED THE GREAT
16.Japanese Military Police was also known as
KEMPETAI
17. It refers to any agency in the country that has the power to implement law for the
purpose of the public safety, law and order, and prevention of crime is considered as
law enforcement agency.
LAW ENFORCEMENT AGENCIES
18. It was enacted to establish a rudimentary criminal justice system in which most of
the responsibility for law enforcement remained with the people themselves.
STATUE OF WINCHESTER
19. In this policing, people were responsible for watching out for their relatives.
KIN POLICING
20.R.A. No. 6975 is amended by what law?
R.A. NO. 8551
21. Advocates of the concepts of administrative efficiency sought to “centralize the
authority within police departments” and to “rationalize the procedure of command
control.
AUGUST VOLLMER
22. The concept of this system is that every male over 12 years of age, unless
exempted of his social status, was accountable for maintaining peace and answerable
for his neighbor’s behavior.
MUTUAL PLEDGE SYSTEM
23. The basis of law enforcement are crime, law and order, criminal law and ordinances.
FALSE
24.Its function was to make investigations of all government employees and police
officers and to “indict extremists” and to “prevent activities against the country.
BURUE OF INVESTIGATION
25. The first modern police forces in America borrowed heavily from those established
in Spain.
FALSE
26. The Watchman also known as Bellman or Charlies required all men to serve on the
night watch.
TRUE
27. It was the municipal police force for the cities and large towns of the Philippines and
it was created by authority of P.D.765.
INTEGRATED NATIONAL POLICE
28. They were adjuncts of the colonial military establishment with members performing
the dual function of policemen and soldiers. The personnel were drawn directly from the
regular army in Spain.
GUARDIA CIVIL
29. It is also defined as the act of managing duties, responsibilities, or rules. The act of
administering; government of public affairs; the service rendered, or duties assumed, in
conducting affairs; the conducting of any office or employment; direction.
ADMINISTRATION
30. This guard is considered to be the first police officer in Rome with the job of
protecting the Palace of Rome and the emperor.
PRAETORIAN GUARD
31. Is any system by which some members of government act in an organized manner
to enforce the law by discovering, deterring, rehabilitating, or punishing people who
violence the rules and norms governing that society.
LAW ENFORCEMENT
32. He found or created the Bow Street Runners (Thief-Takers) and became the Chief
Magistrate assisted by his half-brother John Fielding, who later succeeded Henry as
Chief Magistrate.
HENRY FIELDING
33. It was largely custom police with special port, harbor, and river duties. It was
effective and efficient in the apprehension of those violating the laws of the crown.
CUERPO DE CARABINEROS DE SEGURIDAD PUBLICA
34. It was established in August 8, 1966 by virtue or R.A. No. 4864.
POLICE COMMISSION
35. The Philippine National Police (PNP) was created by.
R.A. NO. 6975
36.Itwasconsideredasacivilpoliceforcedesignedtoprotectcitizens.Itwasconsideredquitebr
utal.
VIGILES OF ROME
37.TheywereunderthedirectionoftheAlguacilMayorwhoprovidedthemwithmusketsasweap
onsandalarmbellsastheirmeansofcommunication.
BANTAYANS
38.Theyrespondstodetect,andpreventcrime.Withinthisperspective,itisrecognizedthatpolic
eofficersplayasignificantroleinadaptingandrespondingtounexpectedorunknownsituations,
aswellasarecognizedsituations,suchastheftordomesticdisputeandothercriminalactivities.
LAW ENFORCEMENT OFFICER
39.Hewasdescribedasthefirstmajorwriterofpublicorderandthefirstpersontousethetermpoli
ceasitisusedinourmodernday.
PATRICK COLQUHOUN
40.Itreferstoadministeringormanagingtheenforcementoflawinordertoensureitsobservanc
eorobedienceforthecommongood.
LAW ENFORCEMENT ADMINISTRATION
41.Hesuggestthatthepolicefunctionsmustincludedetectionofcrime,apprehensionofoffend
ers,andpreventionofcrimethroughtheirpresenceinpublic.
PATRICK COLQUHOUN
42.ItwasthefirstAmericanpoliceforce.
BOSTON POLICE
43.Itsdutywastosuppressriots,brigandage,unlawfulassembliesandbreachesofthepeace,to
helpthedetectionandprosecutionofcrimes,toacquire,collect,classify,andpreservecriminali
dentificationsrecords,andtoseethatperpetratorsofcriminaloffensearebroughttojustice.
PHILIPPINE CONSTABULARY
44.TheMetropolitanPoliceForce,alsocalledasScotlandYardwasguidedbytheconceptofcri
mecontrolasaprimarypoliceobjective.
FALSE
45.Itwasaruralpoliceorganizationformedbydirectleviesontheable-
bodiedmale(5%)inhabitantsofeachprovince.
CUADRILLEROS
2nd exam
Problem-Oriented Policing
Thispolicingcaninvolvetraditionalreactivetechniques,butmayalsorequireinnovativeandcro
ss-institutionalworkorbetiedtocommunitypolicinginitiatives.
FALSE OntheAveragepolice-to-
populationratio,onepolicemanisforeveryonethousandpersons.
RA No. 6957 All of the following are the legal bases for PNP,except one.
Doctrine of Policing by Consent
Itstatesthatpoliceareasubstantiallyunarmedbodywhorelyuponcommunitysupportandgood
will,ratherthanforce,intheconductoftheirduty.
Home Rule Theory
Itstatesthatpoliceofficersareconsideredasservantsofthecommunityorthepeoplewhodepen
dfortheeffectivenessoftheirfunctionsupontheexpresswishesofthepeople.
PNP Itshallbeacommunityandservice-
orientedagencyresponsibleforthemaintenanceofpeaceandorderandpublicsafety.
FALSE The PNP philosophy is Service ,Protection and, Honor.
POLICE DISCRETION IN POLICING
Itreferstothefactthatpoliceworkwithverylittledirectsupervisiononcetheyareinthefieldandoft
enhavetomakechoicesaboutwhichcourseofaction(ifany)istobepursued.
TRUE
Collegialbodymeansagovernmentalentitymarkedbypowerorauthorityvestedequallyineach
ofanumberofcolleagues.
TRUE Thevolumeofworkinvolvesinman-
hours.Thisisabouttheworkinghoursofaworkerinanorganizationwhetherpart-timeorfull-
time.
EVIDENCED BASE POLICING
Thispolicingtriestoseriouslyevaluatepolicingactivityandperhapsusingproperlydesignedtria
lstosee"whatworks"toreducecrimeortorespondtocommunityneeds.
Police Lieutenant to Police Captain
Theinsigniacontainsanahawleaf/leavesplacedatthecenterasthemainpartofitsdesign.
SERVICE STYLE
Thispolicingplaceslessemphasisonminorinfractionsandmorefocusoncrimesthatviolateacit
izen'sprivacy,suchasburglaryandrobbery.Officerstendtomakearrestsonlywhennecessary.
Policestrivetokeepcommunitiessafefromoutsiders,whileprotectingthewelfareofcitizenswit
hinthecommunityboundaries.
LEGISLISTIC STYLE
Thistypeofpolicingoperatesaccordingtothe"letterofthelaw."Policeconductthemselvesinapr
ofessionalmanner.Citizencontactoccursinaformalandneutralprocess,applyingthelawtoev
eryoneacrosstheboard.
STABILITY
Itisthedutyofthemanagementtoofferjobsecuritytotheiremployeesalongwithapromiseofgro
wth.
CAMARADERIEItisveryimportanttodevelopmutualtrustamongemployeesasitleadstoapos
itiveworkenvironment.
EQUITYThisisamongthecorevaluesofmanagement.Itwillfallonthemanagertoensurethatth
ereisnodiscriminationofanykindhappeningintheworkplace.
SECRETARY OF DILG Who will be the ex-officio Chairperson of the NAPOLCOM?
TRUE ThePhilippineNationalPolicehas16directorates.
DISCIPLINEGoodbehaviorandcivilizedinteractionsmakethemanagementworksmoothlya
ndefficiently.Goodconductbyemployeesalsohelpsthemsmoothlyprogressintheircareers.
PROACTIVE POLICING
Itisthepracticeofdeterringcriminalactivitybyshowingpolicepresenceandengagingthepublict
olearntheirconcerns,therebypreventingcrimefromtakingplaceinthefirstplace.
DIVISION OF LABOR
Itincreasesproductivityandimprovesefficiency.Italsoleadstothespecialization,accuracy,an
dspeedoftheworkers.Thisprincipleisapplicablebothinmanagerialaswellastechnicalwork.
COMMUNITY POLICING
Itemphasizesproactiveenforcementthatproposesstreetcrimewhichcanbereducedthrough
greatercommunityinvolvementandintegrationbetweencitizensandpolice.
TEAM POLICING Thisapproachemphasizedthedeliveryofround-the-
clockdecentralizedpatrolservicesbyateamofofficers,usuallyunderthedirectionofasergeant
orlieutenant,inaspecificgeographicarea.
CONTINENTIAL THEORY
Itstatesthatpoliceofficersareconsideredasservantsofthehigherauthorityandpeoplehavelittl
eornoshareofalltheirduties,noranydirectconnectionwiththem.
WATCH MAN STYLE
Thistypeofpolicinggenerallyoccursinheavilypopulatedcommunitiesthatgenerateahighnum
berofcallsforpoliceassistance.Itemploydiscretionasameansofkeepingthepeace.
REACTIVE POLICING
ItissometimesknownastheFireBrigadePolicingorIncidentDrivenPolicing.Thispolicinginvol
vesfollowinguponciviliancallsnotifyingproblems.Centraltothispolicestrategyisroutinepatrol
ling.
REMUNERATION It play as motivational force that keep the employees fueled to do
well.
THE SUN RAYS It symbolizes the flowering, maturing adult materialization of the
glorious evolution of
thePC/INPintoaNationalPoliceOrganizationthatisnationalinscopeandcivilianincharacteras
enshrinedinthe1986Constitution.
UNITY OF DIRECTION
Thisprincipleiscrucialasitincorporatestheideaofaworkforceworkingasingulardirectionwitha
unifiedaim.
FALSE The Continental Theory is practiced in the Philippines.
FALSE The next to Chief PNP in command is the Deputy Chief for Operation.
PREDICTIVE POLICING It refers to the usage of mathematical, predictive analytics,
and other analytical techniques in law enforcement to identify potential criminal activity.
PNCO or POLICE NON -COMMISIONED OFFICERS These refer to police personnel
with a rank of Patrolman/Patrolwoman up to Police Executive Master Sergeant.
UNITYOF COMMAND It basically means following a chain of command .A person
should ideally answer to just one boss.
ADMINISTRATION It entails the establishment of the department's overall purposes
mission as well as the establishment of policies and procedures which serve as guide
posts for the department to achieve its overall purposes.
CHIEF OF DIRECTORIAL STAFF He coordinates, supervises, and directs the
Directorial Staff and the PNP units in the performance of their respective functions.
INTELLIGENCE -LED POLICING It is a policing model built around the assessment
and management of risk.
LAUREL LEAVES It symbolizes the competency ,brilliance and honor expected from
each and every member of the PNP.
AUTHORITY OF RESPONSIBILTY It gives the management the right to order
subordinates along with a duty to be liable for acts of their subordinates.
FALSE"Amancanservetwomasters"isconsideredatheologicalargumentbecauseitwasalre
adyacceptedasaprincipleofhumanrelationineverydaylife.
FALSE The latest rank equivalent for Chief Superintendent Police Colonel.
TRUE Law enforcement implies compulsory compliance while policing suggests
voluntary adherence.
SUBORDINATION OF INDIVIDUAL INTEREST This principle states that the interest of
an individual will be subordinate to the objective of the organization.
TRUE
SpanofControlreferstothenumberofsubordinatesisdeterminedbythenatureofthework,then
atureoftheexecutive,andthesizeandfunctionoftheorganization.
POLICING
Itreferstotheactivitiescarriedoutbythepoliceofficersinordertopreservelawandorderortheact
ionsofapersonorgroupinauthorityinordertoensurefairnessandlegalityinanareaofpubliclife.
AUTOCRATIC LEADERSHIP STYLE
Underthisformofleadership,heistheultimatedecision-
makerandbelievesinthecentralizationofpower.
CAVEMUS EXPERTUM
Thismeansthattechnicalexperts,sometimes,assumeknowledgeandauthorityinfieldswhere
theyhavenocompetence.
POLICE MASTER SERGEAT TO POLICE EXECUTIVE MASTER SERGEAT The
insigniacontainsacombinationofcurvelines(facingupward)andopenbracecurly(facingdown
ward)dependingontherank.However,onlythePoliceExecutiveMasterSergeantrankhasasta
renclosedbythecurvelinesandopenbracecurly.
POLICE ADMINISTRATION It means managing and organizing the police or policing.
3rd exam
Deploy- It shall mean the orderly organized physical movement of elements or units of
the PNP within the province, city or municipality.
Motive-The reason or intent of an individual to commit a crime.
Legal Offensive-It aims to coordinate all government efforts to effectively charge,
prosecute and adjudicate terrorism-related cases to ensure that terrorists are placed
behind bars.
PNP Provincial Director-The provincial governor shall choose the provincial director
from a list of 3 eligible recommended by ______?
True-PNP must lead the fight against all forms of criminality, including insurgency, by
utilizing active citizen involvement and community empowerment.
Unity of Command-This is indispensable to achieve effective coordination. Any
violation to this principle undermines authority, J jeopardizes discipline, disturbs order
and threatens stability in the organization.
Target Hardening-It is a deliberate and planned action that makes it difficult for the
criminals/terrorists to succeed in hitting their targets.
True-Crime reports are compiled by the PNP and presented in the form of crime
statistics which is a mathematical measure of the level or amount of crime prevalent in a
given area at a given time.
RA No. 6957-What law created the Philippine Public Safety College?
False-Crime control efforts must be responsive to the unique peace and order, cultural
and economic conditions of the Philippines. It should address all elements of crime
towards a holistic approach to policing.
Mandatory Training- It is a requirement for the promotion of PNP uniformed personnel
for their professional growth and career advancement. It is composed of a ladderized
courses or progressive-type of training.
Operational Doctrine-They consist of principles and rules governing the planning,
organization, direction and employment and deployment of PNP forces in the
accomplishment of basic security operational mission in crime prevention and solution,
law enforcement, public safety and security.
Doctrine-It also provides the very source of various actions which are performed to
assure organizational coordination. Hence, policies, procedures, rules and regulations
of the.
Authority -It is the right exercise, to decide and to command by virtue of rank and
position.
Discipline-It is necessary to promote coordination. Understood as comprising
behavioral regulations, it is imposed either by command or self-restraint to ensure
supportive behavior from people composing the organization.
Chain of Command-It is the hierarchal relationship of positions through which the
primary functions of the organization are performed.
Complementary Doctrine-It refers to a manual jointly formulated by two or more
bureaus/agencies/organizations in order to effect a certain operation.
Employ-It refers to the utilization of units or elements of the PNP for purposes of
protection of lives and properties, enforcement of laws, maintenance of peace and
order, prevention of crimes, arrest of criminal offenders, and bringing the offenders to
justice, and ensuring public safety, particularly in the suppression of disorders, riots,
lawless violence, rebellious seditious conspiracy, insurgency, subversion or other
related activities.
Administrative Doctrines-It set guidelines, formats or general policies that must be
followed in accomplishing periodic administrative tasks.
Specialized Training-The main objective of these training programs is to provide
essential knowledge and specialized skills in the administrative, technical, and
operational fields of police service to ensure the effective and efficient discharge of their
duties and responsibilities as members of the organization.
True-The Chief PNP shall assume direct command responsibility over the PNP. He
shall likewise be the principal police adviser to the President, the National Security
Council and the Secretary of DILG.
Means-The ability of an individual to commit a crime.
The Local Government Executives -It refer to governors of provinces and mayors of
cities and municipalities.
Philippine National Police Academy-It serves as the premier institution for police
education, and the primary source for commissionship of police lieutenants.
Ethical Doctrine-It defines the fundamental principles governing the rules of conduct,
attitude, behavior, and ethical norms of the PNP.
Crime Solution Efficiency,-The percentage of solved cases out of the total number of
crime incidents handled by the police for a given period of time.
Crime Clearance Efficiency,-The percentage of cleared cases out of the total number
of crime incidents handled by the police for a given period of time.
Crime Volume-The number of crime incidents committed in a given area over a period
of time which include index and non-index crimes.
Crime Volume,-The number of crime incidents committed in a given area over a period
of time includes index and non-index crimes.
Index Crime-Are crimes that are serious in nature and which occur with sufficient
frequency and regularity such that they serve as an index to the crime situation. These
are the crimes of murder, homicide, physical injuries, carnapping, cattle rustling,
robbery, theft, and rape.
Non-Index Crimes-Are violations of special laws such as illegal logging or local
ordinances.
True The elements of crime are the motive, opportunity and means.
Fundamental Doctrine This manual shall be the primary manual of the PNP.
10% How many percent shall be reserved for the women in the PNP recruitment?
Foreign-Assisted Training It offers both in-country and abroad training programs
conducted by various sponsoring countries.
PNP It is the primary Law Enforcement Agency in the Philippines.
True The control and supervision of anti-gambling operations shall be within the
jurisdiction of local government executives.
Opportunity The chance for an individual to commit a crime at a given space and time.
Medalya ng Katapangan It is awarded to any police officer who acted with gallantry in
action not warranting the Medalya ng Kagitingan or Medalya ng Kabayanihan.
Crime Solution It is the act of investigating the crime leading to the prosecution of its
perpetrators.
Incident Monitoring It refers to the sequence of actions to be undertaken in case of
disaster/disorder/crisis to mitigate their effects and expedite the return to normalcy.
Medalya ng Kadakilaan It is awarded to any police officer who acted heroism not
involving conflict with an armed enemy.
False The PNP primary doctrines are the operational and the administrative doctrine.
Medalya ng Kagitingan It is an award given to a PNP member who performs in action
a deed of personal bravery and self-sacrifice above and beyond the call of duty so
conspicuous as to distinguish himself clearly above his comrades in the performance of
more than ordinarily hazardous service.
True The primary role of the PNP in crime solution is the conduct of investigation.
Span of Control This relates to the number of subordinates a superior can effectively
supervise. There is no exact mathematical ratio in a superior-subordinate relationship.
Posthumous Award It refers to the award of medal(s) made following the death of the
person being honored in the same manner they are made for a living person except that
the orders and citations will indicate that the award is being made posthumously.
Mayor He has the authority to choose the COP from a list of 5 eligible candidates or
applicants recommended by the provincial police director, preferably from the same
province, city, or municipality.
False Inter-Agency or Interagency means occurring between or involving one agency
only.
Philippine Public Safety College It is the premier educational institution for the
training, human resource development and continuing education of all personnel of the
BFP and BJMP and the provider of selected mandatory career courses for police
commissioned officers and specialized courses for personnel of the PNP.
FIRSTEXAM
Conscience,integrity,valuesareexamplesofwhatcontrol?InnerControl
Thefatherofvictimology?BenjaminMendelsohn
1.Itreferstoaneventwherepersons,communitiesandinstitutionsaredamagedorinjuredinasi
gnificantway.Victimization
Hearguedthatpeoplehaveafunctionalresponsibilitynottoprovokeothersintovictimizingorhar
mingthemandthattheyalsoshouldactivelyattempttopreventthatfromoccurring.MARVINWO
LFGANG
Asubfieldofcrimeopportunitytheorythatfocusesonsituationsofcrimes.RoutineActivityThe
ory
Anybehaviorthatviolatessocialnorms.Deviance
Theoriginalmeaningofvictimologywasrootedintheideaof.Sacrifice/Scapegoat
Wolfgangfirstintroducedtheconceptofvictimprecipitationintheyear_____.1967
MatchingType
Awomankillsherhusbandduetoaprolongedhistoryofregulardomesticviolenceisanexample
of__________.ActivePrecipitation
Accordingtotheory,peoplebecomevictimsofcrimebecausetheydonotexerciseintelligentorr
ationalchoicewhenputtingthemselvesinsocialsituations.Lifestyletheory
Heusedthewordanomietodescribethedifferencesbetweensociallyacceptedgoalsandtheav
ailabilityofmeanstoachievethosegoals.RobertMerton
Thetheorystatesthatgreaterexposuretodangerousplacesmakesanindividualmorelikelytob
ecomethevictimofacrime.DeviantPlacetheory
Inthestandpointofthistheory,thevictimsthemselvesmayactuallyinitiate,eitherpassivelyorac
tively,thecriminalactthatultimatelyleadstoinjuryordeath.Precipitationtheory
Itreferstotheconfusionthatariseswhensocialnormsconflictsornotevenexist.Anomie
Whocoinedthephrasedifferentialassociation?EdwinSutherland
Lifestyletheoryincriminaljusticefocusesoncrimevictimsratherthanperpetrators.Thestatem
entisTrueorFalse.True
Twomencompetingfortheloveofthesamewomanmayindulgeinantagonisticactstowardseac
hother.Thisisanexampleof____________.PassivePrecipitation
Anybehaviorthatviolatessocialnorms,andisusuallyofsufficientseveritytowarrantdisapprov
alfromthemajorityofsociety.Deviance
Thisreferstotheconfusionthatariseswhensocialnormsconflictordonotevenexist.Anomie
Thewordvictima,means?victimology
Itisthescientificstudyofvictimization,includingtherelationshipsbetweenvictimsandoffender
s,theinteractionsbetweenvictimsandthecriminaljusticesystem.victimology
Thefirstpersontoempiricallyinvestigatevictimprecipitation.MarvinWolfgang
Heusedthetermanomietodescribethedifferencesbetweensociallyacceptedgoalsandtheav
ailabilityofmeanstoachievethosegoals.RobertMerton
Theprovisionofemergencypsychologicalcaretotraumatizedvictimssoastohelpthemreturnt
oanadaptiveleveloffunctioningandtopreventormitigatethenegativeimpactofpsychologicala
ndemotionaltrauma.CrisisIntervention
Victimrightsistheperiodicdatacollectionandanalysisprocessconductedusuallybyagovernm
ententity?TRUE
Thistheoryholdsthatvictimsarepronetobecomingvictimssimplybecausetheyliveinsocialare
asthataredisorganizedandcontainhigh-crimerates.DeviantPlaceTheory
Thistheoryaddressestheissueofhowpeoplelearndeviance.differential-
associationtheory
Aphysical,psychological,social,materialorfinancialconditionwherebyapersonoranobjectha
saweaknesswhichcouldrenderthemavictimifanotherpersonorpersonswouldrecognizethes
eweaknessesandtakeadvantageofthem.Vulnerability
Anybehaviorthatviolatessocialnorms,andisusuallyofsufficientseveritytowarrantdisapprov
alfromthemajorityofsocietyiscalled__________.Deviance
BenajminMendelsohnrecognizedtheimportanceofinvestigatingwhatfactorsunderpinwhyc
ertainpeoplearevictims?True
THIRDEXAM
Studiesofpersonalitiesofincarceratedrapistsandcourt-
referredbatterersareproblematic,thesemenaretypically:Poorlyeducatedandlowstatuso
ccupations
Thedirectreactiontotheaftermathofacrime.Traumaofvictimization
Anabusethatusesdeceptionandrunsthegamutfromlovingwordstohatefulones.Thisattacksi
sapunishmenttothevictimspsyche.Verbalabuse
ALCOHOL Alcohol may directly increase the risk of victimization cognitive and motor
impairment that prevents women from recognizing, escaping, or resisting sexual
aggression
Theemotionalimpactofvictimizationincludesthefollowing,except:Shaking
Battererscommonexcusesorjustificationoftheirviolencepointingtotheirwives.UNWIFEY
BEHAVIOR
Allexceptonearepsychologicalsymptomsreportedbyvictimsofrapeandpartnerviolence:Ag
gression
Awomanwhoismorelikelytobeinjuredifsheisvictimizedbyapersonwithdeeprealtionshipthan
byastranger.Intimatepartnerviolence
Anactofharassingsomeoneplayfullyormaliciously;provokingsomeonewithpersistentannoy
ances.Teasing
Aremoreprominentintherationalizationsforsexualaggressionthansexualdesires.Motiveso
fpowerandanger
Sexuallyaggressivemenaresaidtodifferfromothermeninantisocialtendencies,except:
Areinjuriescreatedbycrimethatareoftenthemostdifficulttocopewithandhavelong-
lastingeffects.Psychological
Thistypeofrapeisuncondonedgenitalconductagainstthewillofthewomanandinviolationofso
cialnorms.Transgressiverape
Afrighteningandunsettlingexperienceformanypeople.Itisunpredictable,largelyunpreventa
bleandoftenunexpected.Criminalvictimization
Theoutwardmanifestationsofpersonalitythatreflectthegenderidentity;manifestedwithinsoci
etybyobservablefactorslikebehaviorandappearance.Genderrole
Areexpectationsaboutdatingandintimaterelationshipsculturallyconveyedthatsupportsenc
ouragementmentofeelsuperior,entitled,andlicensedassexualaggressorswithwomenasthe
irprey.SexualScripts
Ageneraltypeofrapethatthereisunwantedgenitalcontactthatissupportedbysocialnorms.tol
eratedornormativerape.
Thismaydirectlyincreasethelikelihoodofvictimizationbyplacingwomeninsettingsinwhichthe
irchancesofencounteringapotentialoffenderarehigherthantheaverage.drinking
Atheoryofculturalmythsaboutviolence,genderscriptsandroles,sexualscriptsandroles,and
maleentitlements,representedattheindividuallevel.
Anintensesadnessoftenthemostpowerfullong-termreactiontocrime.Grief or sorrow
Rapistshavebeencategorizedbythefollowing,except:Patriarchalgroup
Casehistoriesfrombatteredwomenoftenmentiontheextreme__________displayedbytheir
batterersandextremesexualjealousyisacommonmotiveofmenwhokilltheirwives.
SexualJealousy
Thistheorydoesnotviewaggressionasinevitable,butratherseesitasasocialbehaviorthatisle
arnedandshapedbyitsconsequences,continuingifitisreinforced.SocialLearning
Theothercertainriskfactorforrape:
Commonreactionstocrimeinvolvesfourstages.Whichofthefollowingisnotincluded?
Thetheorythatexplainsthecriticalroleoftheethnographicandanthropologicstudiesthatplayin
definingandpromotingviolenceagainstwomen.Genderschemas
Thisviewconjurestheimageofpowerfulmanwhousesviolenceagainstwomenasatooltomaint
ainhissuperiorityanddominance.Maintainhissuperiority
Criminologistsrecognizesthisfactorasonesocialconsequenceofcrimethataffectsmanypeop
lebeyondthosewhohavebeendirectlyvictimized.Fearofcrime
Thefollowingareexamplesofpsychologicalconsequencesofvictimization,except?
Itisthecuttingorcircumcisionofsomeoralloftheexternalfemalegenitalia.
Genitalmutilation
Afeelingofhelplessnessorpowerlessnessthatsurfacedwhenthecrimetakesplace.Frustrati
on
The sense of one self as male,female or transgender.Genderidentity
Thefollowingaretheemotionalimpactofvictimization,except:Frustration
Victimsusuallybelievedthattheywerein“thewrongplaceatthewrongtime”.Confusion
Akindofrapethatisalsorelatedtorelationshipstagewithdifferentriskfactorsforrapesduringfirs
tdatesandrapesinon-goingrelationships.Acquaintanceordaterape
Thismaydirectlyincreasetheriskofvictimizationwherethereiscognitiveandmotorimpairment
thatpreventswomenfromrecognizing,escaping,orresistingsexualaggression.
Thiswasfoundastheonlyriskmarkerconsistentlyassociatedbeingassociatedwithbeingthevi
ctimofphysicalabuse.Too much intimacy
Atheorythatsuggestedmenwhoassaulttheirwiveshasahighincidenceofantisocialpersonalit
ydisorder,borderlinepersonalityorganizationorpost-
traumaticstresssyndrome.Psychopathologyandpersonalitytraits
Victimmayexperience_______asabasicautomaticphysiologicalresponsethatindividualsha
venocontrolover.Fightorflightsyndrome
Thistheorydoesnotviewaggressionasinevitable,butratherseesitasasocialbehaviorthatisle
arnedandshapedbyitsconsequences,continuingifitisreinforced.Sociallearning
Anorganizedsystemofbeliefs,ceremonies,andrulesusedtoworshipaGodoragroupofGods.
Religionorbelief
Amechanismthroughwhichsociallearningoccursthroughdecoding/interpretingsocialintera
ctionsandmakingdecisionsbasedfromappropriateresponses.Socialinformationprocessi
ng
Atheorythatstatedthatthegoalofsexualbehavioristomaximizethelikelihoodofpassingonone'
sgenesormaximizingthechancesthatonewillhaveoffspringwhothemselveswillsurvivetorep
roduce.Evolutionarytheory
SymptomsofPTSDincludesthefollowing,except:Sleeping disorders
Itisaclearandpersistentdesireofapersonforaffiliationwithonesexratherthantheother.Gende
ridentity
Adirectreactiontotheaftermathofcrime.Traumaofvictimization
1. __________ group norms are stronger than among adults and they may exaggerate
dominant definitions of masculine and feminine behavior. Peer
Males -First, while most males do not perpetrate intimate partner violence, intimate
partner violence is perpetrated largely by males.
Injuries during pregnancy in recent research has identified ________ during pregnancy
as a risk to the health of both mothers and their unborn foetus. VIOLENCE
Among children and youth Perhaps the most obvious rationale for ‘starting young’ is that
______________ is a crucial period in terms of women’s and men’s formation of
healthy, non-violent relationships later in life.Adolescence
Itisconcludedasthemajorriskfactorforbattering.Being young
Troublewithalcoholand_____hasbeenassociatedwithadolescents’riskofsexualvictimizatio
n.peerpressure
Theseoccurwhenthereisalackofpropersupporttovictimsandcouldbecausedbyfriends,famil
yandprofessionalsthatvictimsencounterasaresulttocrime.Secondary injuries
Isadirectreactiontotheaftermathofcrime.Ifvictimsdidn’treceivesupportandintervention,they
suffer“secondaryinjuries”.traumaofvictimization
Thishasbeenidentifiedasariskfactorinmalesforsexualoffendingasanadult.Sexualabusein
childhood
1 EXAM CHEM
Analytical Chemistry -It determines the properties of chemical substance, and
structure and composition of compounds and mixtures.
Accuracy in Measuring-It is the degree of conformity of a measured or calculated
quantity to its actual value.
In the use of plant fertilizers-In which manner is chemistry of immediate use to
farmer?
Calibration- A process that assures that a device will produce an accurate and precise
result.
Hypothesis-A statement which is a possible solution to a problem is a
Organic Chemistry-The branch of chemistry that deals with the study of carbon-
containing substances is______________.
Mercury-Which of the following is an element?
Expand when heated- All of the following are the characteristics of a solid EXCEPT
one. Which does not belong to the group?
matter that made up of more than one kind of atom-Whatisacompound?
Pure Substances-Matter that is perfectly uniform in composition and cannot be
separated into simpler components by physical means.
338 0F-Surgical instruments may be sterilized by heating at 170 0C for 1.5 hours. What
is the temperature in degree Fahrenheit?
The turning of the jeepney’s wheel-Which of the following about a jeepney, does NOT
involve chemistry?
Sublimation-A change of matter wherein gas changes directly from solid to gas?
They can be separated by filtration and floatation -Which of the following
statements about compounds are true EXCEPT one;
Car, Momentum, Train and Speed-Which of the following sets include something that
is NOT matter?
C. Convert the following into its standard form: 1.) 3pts; 2.) 3pts; 3.) 4pts = 10pts.
1.) 3.5 x 10-3
2.) 5.789 x 106
3.) 6.004 x 105
ANSWER
1.) 3.5 x 10-3 =3.5.10^-3
2.) 5.789 x 106=5.789.10^6
3.) 6.004 x 105=6.004.10^5
A. Count the number of the significant figures in each item given: 3 pts. each
1.) 0.00034
2.) 70904.0003
ANSWER
1.) 0.00034=2
2.) 70904.0003=9
B. Convert the following into scientific notation: 3 pts. each
1.) 504567
2.) 0.0000034567
3.) 0.0070084
ANSWER
1.) 504567=5.04567×10^5
2.) 0.0000034567=3.4567×10^-6
3.) 0.0070084=7.0084×10-3
Theory-It is a scientific idea that correctly predicts the results of many experiments.
Biochemistry-Which of the following branches of chemistry that study the important
biological processes happen in all living organisms?
Alcohol-Which of the following is a compound?
Hypothesis- It is a scientific guess that temporarily answers the problem.
Extensive-Which properties of matter that depend only on the amount of matter?
41-What is the equivalent of 106 0F in Celsius scale?
It has a definite volume but not a definite shape-Which of the following describes the
liquid phase?
Mass-It is the total number of molecules found in a body.
Matter-Chemistry is primarily concerned with the composition and changes of
_____________.
Length-Which of the following is an extrinsic property?
