Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
National Capital Region
DIVISION OF CITY SCHOOLS – MANILA
Manila Education Center Arroceros Forest Park
Antonio J. Villegas St. Ermita, Manila

SCIENCE 5

Quarter 2 Week 5 Module 5

Learning Competency:
Describe the different modes of reproduction in
flowering and nonflowering plants, such as moss,
fern, and others

1
 HOW TO USE THIS MODULE

Before starting the module, I want you to set aside other tasks that will
disturb you while enjoying the lessons. Read the simple instructions below
to successfully enjoy the objectives of this kit. Have fun!

1. Follow carefully all the contents and instructions indicated in

every page of this module.
2. Write on your notebook the concepts about the lessons. Writing
enhances learning that is important to develop and keep in mind.
3. Perform all the provided activities in the module.
4. Let your facilitator/guardian assess your answers using the answer
key card.
5. Analyze conceptually the posttest and apply what you have learned.
6. Enjoy studying!

PARTS OF THE MODULE

 Expectations – these are what you will be able to know after

completing the lessons in the module
 Pre-test – this will measure your prior knowledge and the concepts to
be mastered throughout the lesson
 Looking Back to your Lesson – this section will measure what
learnings and skills did you understand from the previous lesson
 Brief Introduction – this section will give you an overview of the lesson
 Activities – this is a set of activities you will perform with a partner
 Remember – this section summarizes the concepts and applications of
the lessons
 Check your Understanding – this will verify how you learned from the
lesson
 Post Test – this will measure how much you have learned from the
entire module

2
 LESSON: MODES OF REPRODUCTION IN FLOWERING
AND NONFLOWERING PLANTS

EXPECTATIONS

This module will help you understand the different modes of

reproduction in flowering and nonflowering plants.

Specifically, this module will help you to:

1. describe the different modes of reproduction in flowering plants

2. describe the different modes of reproduction in nonflowering plants,
such as moss, ferns, and others

Let us start your journey in learning more on human reproductive system.

I am sure you are ready and excited to answer the Pretest.
Smile and cheer up!

3
 PRETEST

Read and choose the letter of the best answer.

1) Which plant part cannot undergo vegetative reproduction?

A. tuber C. rhizome
B. corm D. fruit
2) Which is not a characteristic of a dicot plant?
A. one cotyledon C. oval leaves with net-like veins
B. petals are in multiples of 4-5 D. has tap roots
3) Which plant reproduce through spores?
A. gumamela C. moss
B. rose D. lily
4) Which of the following cannot reproduce from an underground stem?
A. strawberry C. onion
B. katakataka D. gabi
5) What plant part does not become a new plant?
A. leaves C. stems
B. ovule D. roots
6) The union of a sperm cell and an egg cell in a flower is called ___.
A. germination C. pollination
B. fertilization D. reproduction
7) ___ are the reproductive parts of a plant.
A. Flowers C. Roots
B. Leaves D. Stems
8) What type of pollination occurs when pollen grains are transferred
from the anther of one flower to the stigma of another flower of the
same kind?
A. self-pollination C. cross pollination
B. auto-pollination D. across pollination
9) It contains the stored food for the young plant until such time it can
produce its own food.
A. embryo C. testa
B. hilum D. cotyledon
10) The process by which seeds are scattered, moved, or transported away
from the parent plant to a much wider area?
A. fertilization C. seed diffusion
B. pollination D. seed dispersal

Great, you finished answering the

questions. You may request your
facilitator to check your work.
Congratulations and keep on learning!

4
 LOOKING BACK TO YOUR LESSON

Match the description with the correct part of the flower. Write only the letter
of the correct answer before each number.

1) tube that connects the stigma to the pistil a. sepals

2) colorful parts of most flowers b. pistil
3) male reproductive part of a flower c. stamen
4) female reproductive part of a flower d. petals
5) green leaf-like structures at the base of a e. style
flower
f. pollen grains

BRIEF INTRODUCTION

Scientists classify plants into two large groups: plants that produce
seeds and plants that do not produce seeds.

Plants that make seeds are further grouped into two: angiosperms and
gymnosperms. Plants that have flowers are called angiosperms, and plants
that do not have flowers are called gymnosperms.

Flowering plants are the largest group of plants that make seeds. The
flowers produce the seeds. They also produce the fruit that covers and
protects the seeds.

The other group of plants produce seeds, but they do not have flowers.
These plants that make their seeds inside cones are called conifers.

Other plants do not make flowers or cones. Nor they do make seeds or
fruits. Examples of these are mosses and ferns.

5
 LESSON 1: HOW PLANTS REPRODUCE SEXUALLY

Plants must have a way to reproduce before they die. If a species did
not reproduce, it would soon become extinct (Foresman, 2006).

When plants produce offspring, they make new plants that look like
their parents. They have the same shape of leaves and flowers. For this to
take place, plants must have a dependable way to pass information from one
generation to the next. This information is in their DNA. The DNA includes all
the information for making flowers, leaves and other parts of the plant.

Flowers are the reproductive parts of plants. Their main function is to

produce seeds. Seeds only grow when the pollen grains from the anther are
transferred to the stigma of the flower. This process is called pollination.

Pollination occurs when pollen grains from the male part (anther) of
one flower are transferred to the female part (stigma) of another flower, so
that they can undergo fertilization. Pollen grains may be carried by insects,
such as bees, butterflies and dragonflies. Wind, water, other animals, and
even humans, may also help pollinate flowers. They are called pollinators or
agents of pollination.

pollen
pollen
pollen

pollen grains stigma

ovule ovary

6
 There are two kinds of pollination: self-pollination and cross
pollination.

 Self-pollination occurs when the pollen grains are transferred from

the anther to the stigma of the same flower. (Look at arrows A and B
in the illustration below).

 Cross pollination occurs when the pollen grains are transferred from
the anther of one flower to the stigma of another flower of the same
kind. (Look at arrow C in the illustration below).

Once pollination takes place, a tube grows from the pollen down to the
egg cells in the bottom of the pistil. Sperm cells travel down the tube and join
the egg cells. This joining of cells is called fertilization (Foresman, 2006). The
fertilized ovules become the seeds. The ovary grows and becomes the fruit.
The rest of the flower dries up and falls (Balatbat, 2013).

ACTIVITY 1

Activity: Word Puzzle

Directions: Fill in the words referred to by each number going across
or downward.

7
 6F
1P

8P
2C 7S
9S

3F

10D
4A
5S E E D S

Across Down
1. Transfer of pollen grains from the 6. The reproductive parts of a plant
male part of one flower to the 7. Kind of pollination wherein
female part of another flower pollen grains from the anther are
2. Kind of pollination where there is transferred to the stigma of the
transfer of pollen grains from the same flower of the same plant
anther to the stigma of the flower 8. Another name for agents of
of another plant of the same kind pollination
3. Union of a sperm cell and an egg 9. Tip of the pistil where pollen
cell in a flower grains may land and germinate
4. Contains the pollen sacs that 10. Carrier of genetic information
produce pollen grains
5. What flowers produce

LESSON 2: FRUITS AND SEEDS

A fruit is an enlarged ovary that may contain seeds. Most fruits have
seeds.

A seed goes through changes before it grows into a new plant. To fully
understand how a seed becomes a new plant, we must know what it is made
up of. A seed is a ripened ovule inside the ovary. It has different parts.

8
 epicotyl
hilum hypocotyl

radicle
seed coat or testa

cotyledon
seed coat or testa

(a) lateral view of a seed (b) mature embryo

 The hilum looks like a scar on the seed. It is where the seed is
connected to the ovary of the flower.
 The testa or seed coat is the outer covering that protects the
seed from injury.
 The embryo is the tiny, young plant inside a seed. The epicotyl
is the upper part of the embryo that becomes the leaves; the
radicle is the lower part of the embryo that grows into roots;
and the hypocotyl connects the epicotyl and the radicle, it
eventually grows into a stem.
 An embryo has structures called cotyledons or seed leaves
contain the stored food for the young plant until it can produce
its own food. The seeds of some plants have one cotyledon.
These plants are called monocots. Plants that have seeds with
two cotyledons are called dicots. There are many differences
between monocots and dicots. The table below shows the
differences between these two divisions.

9
Spreading Seeds

In some plants, seeds just plop onto the ground and begin to sprout.
Scattering seeds is not always that simple. Remember how some animals were
helpful in pollination? They also help plants by scattering seeds (Foresman,
2006).

Seed dispersal is the process by which seeds are scattered, moved, or

transported away from the parent plant to a much wider area (Balatbat,
2013). Once the seed is moved from the parent plant, the embryo will stay in
the seed until certain conditions, like temperature and moisture, are suitable.
When the seed sprouts, the life cycle continues. The sprout grows and
develops into a new mature plant that can reproduce, and it eventually dies.
Animals can spread seeds
when they eat berries.

Burrs can get tangled on an

animal's fur and seeds may be
Coconut can float on ocean
dropped to the ground and grow
currents and be carried for miles.
into a new plant.

[Link]
[Link] [Link]
t_info/science/keystage2/year3/topi
llustration/[Link] c/674/1983/seed-dispersal
[Link]

ACTIVITY 2

Activity: Name Me!

Directions: Identify what is being described.

1) ripened ovule inside the ovary

2) an enlarged ovary
3) contains the stored food for the young plant;
also known as seed leaf
4) outer covering of the seed
5) tiny, young plant inside a seed

Activity: T or F?
Directions: Write True inside the box if the statement is correct and
False if it is not.

10
 1) Seed dispersal refers to the process by which seeds
are transported or scattered away.
2) Plants that have seeds with two cotyledons are
called monocots.
3) A seed goes through changes before it grows into a
new plant.
4) Animals, wind, water, and humans are agents of
seed dispersal.
5) All plants develop from seeds.

LESSON 3: REPRODUCING WITHOUT SEEDS

Some plants can reproduce without the use of flowers or seeds (Abracia,
et. al., 2014). This is called asexual reproduction; wherein new plants are
produced from one part of a parent plant and there is only one parent
involved. The growing offspring is the exact copy of the parent plant.

Asexual reproduction does not need seeds; therefore, there is no union

of sperm cell and egg cell that occurs.

Spore Formation

Mosses and ferns are plants that do not make flowers. Their life cycle
consists of two parts. During one part, plants will have fertilization. The other
part is where they use spores to reproduce.

Spores are different from seeds in some ways. They do not have a
multicellular embryo like seeds, and they are not made by fertilization.
Spores are also like seeds in some ways. They have stored food; some spores
are covered with a protective wall; and some can wait a long time for the right
conditions before they start to grow. Below is an illustration of how spores
grow and develop.

11
 (1) A new moss plant grows from a spore.

(3) Moss plants make egg

(2) The spore case bursts
and sperm cells.
and the spores leave.

(4) Fertilization produces a

new plant called a
spore stalk, which
grows out of the parent
plant.

ACTIVITY 3

Activity: Number Me!

Directions: Arrange the life cycle of the moss by numbering it 1 to 4.

A) A new plant called spore stalk is produced from the parent

plant during fertilization.

B) A new moss plant grows from a spore.

C) Moss plants make egg and sperm cells.

D) The spore case bursts, and the spores leave.

Vegetative Reproduction

Vegetative reproduction occurs when young plants develop from the

stems, underground stems, leaves or roots of the parent plant (Abracia, et.
al., 2014)

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  Stem cutting from a parent plant and replanting it is a way of
producing an independent plant. Examples of plants grown from
stem cuttings are rose, bougainvillea, sugar cane and santan.
 Carrots, radish, camote and beets are plants which can be grown
from root cutting. Roots have food stored in them for the use of the
plants.
 Leaf cutting is where young plants grow around a mature leaf while
it is still attached to a stem. Katakataka plants grow from leaves.
 There are plants that grow from underground stems, stems that
look like swollen roots but are stems with nodes where an offspring
plant grows.
a. rhizome – also called creeping rootstalk, can produce the
shoot and root system of a new plant; examples are ginger and
lotus
b. corm – fleshy, vertical, underground stem that acts as a food-
storage and produce new shoots; examples are gladiolus and
taro
c. bulb – short, rounded stem with fleshy modified leaves that
store food; examples are onion and tulip

d. tuber – thickened underground stem with small buds or ‘eyes’

from which new plants arise; examples are potato and gabi

e. runner – horizontal stems that grow from the main stem of a

plant; examples are strawberries and grasses

ACTIVITY 4

Activity: Classify Me!

Directions: Group these plants according to how they reproduce by
writing the name of each plant under the proper column.

Bermuda grass ube santan

onion gabi camote
gumamela rose katakataka
radish ginger strawberry

13
 Underground Stems
Stems Roots Leaves
Rhizome Bulb Tuber Runner

rose strawberry
radish gabi
santan katakataka ginger onion Bermuda
camote ube
gumamela grass

REMEMBER

Plants produce sexually through pollination. Pollination occurs when

pollen grains from the anther are transferred to the stigma.

There are two types of pollination: self-pollination and cross pollination.

Insects, water, wind, other animals and humans are agents of pollination.

Plant reproduction from seeds is called sexual reproduction.

 A seed is a ripened ovule inside the ovary.

 The parts of a seed are hilum, testa or seed coat, embryo and seed
leaves.
 Cotyledons or seed leaves contain the stored food for the young
plant. Plants that have seeds with one cotyledon are called
monocots, plants that have seeds with two cotyledons are called
dicots.

Seed dispersal is the process by which seeds are scattered, moved, or

transported away from the parent plant. Animals, wind, water, and
humans are agents of seed dispersal.

Some plants reproduce without the use of flowers or seeds. This is called
asexual reproduction. It is the production of a new plant with only one
parent involved.

Spore formation and vegetative reproduction are types of asexual

reproduction.

 Spore formation makes use of spores for a plant to reproduce.

 Vegetative reproduction occurs when young plants develop from the
stems, underground stems, leaves or roots of a parent plant.

14
 CHECKING YOUR UNDERSTANDING

How do plants reproduce sexually? How do plants reproduce asexually?

POST TEST

Directions: Read carefully and choose the letter of the best answer.

1) The union of a sperm cell and an egg cell in a flower is called ___.
A. pollination C. germination
B. fertilization D. reproduction
2) ___ are the reproductive parts of a plant.
A. Flowers C. Stems
B. Roots D. Leaves
3) What type of pollination occurs when pollen grains are transferred
from the anther of one flower to the stigma of another flower of the
same kind?
A. self-pollination C. cross pollination
B. auto-pollination D. across pollination
4) It contains the stored food for the young plant until such time it can
produce its own food.
A. embryo C. hilum
B. testa D. cotyledon
5) The process by which seeds are scattered, moved, or transported away
from the parent plant to a much wider area?
A. fertilization C. pollination
B. seed diffusion D. seed dispersal
6) Which plant part cannot undergo vegetative reproduction?
A. tuber C. corm
B. rhizome D. fruit
7) Which is not a characteristic of a dicot plant?
A. one cotyledon C. oval leaves with net-like veins
B. petals are in multiples of 4-5 D. has tap roots
8) Which plant reproduce through spores?
A. rose C. moss
B. lily D. gumamela

15
 9) Which of the following cannot reproduce from an underground stem?
A. onion C. strawberry
B. katakataka D. gabi
10) What plant part does not become a new plant?
A. stems C. roots
B. ovule D. leaves

What other
What What good
examples
What learnings character What are
can I
learnings can I share traits have my conclu-
contribute
did I find in with my I developed sions on
to explore
this lesson family and from these the lesson?
and think
friends? lessons?
more?

16
REFLECTIVE LEARNING SHEET

DIRECTION: Write a reflective learning on the different modes of

reproduction of flowering and nonflowering plants by answering the
questions inside the box. You may express your answers in a more critical
and creative presentation of your great learning. Have fun and enjoy!

Different modes of What do I understand

reproduction guide me about the lesson?
to think on . . .

How do plants Do all plants reproduce

reproduce sexually? the same way?

How do plants What are the learnings I

reproduce asexually? can share with my
family, friends and
classmates?

What are my What appreciation did I

conclusions about the get about the different
lesson? modes of reproduction
of flowering and
nonflowering plants?

17
REFERENCES:

Books:

Abracia, Norma M., EdD, Evelyn T. Sarte, EdD, Ednaliza R. Garcia, Mary
Jean G. dela Cruz, Harold A. Arradaza, Rosemarie S. Punsalan,
Ritche Aldwin dc. Tomelden, Eliza A. Lopez. Science in Our
World (K to 12 Worktext) 5. Vibal Group, Inc. Quezon City,
Philippines (2014), pp. 88-100.

Balatbat, Fides P. and Delos Reyes, Rolando Jr. The New Science Links
(Worktext in Science and Health). Rex Book Store, Inc. (2013),
pp. 147-178.

Foresman, Scott. Science 5 (See Learning in a Whole New Light). Pearson

Education, Inc. (2006) Jurong, Singapore. Pp. 102-109.

Nicolas, Elizabeth S. Science Health and Environment 5 (Towards an

Active and Responsible Living). The Bookmark, Inc. Makati City,
Philippines (2009), pp. 171-176

Tabugo, Rosalinda. Science Health and Environment 4 (Towards an Active

and Responsible Living). The Bookmark, Inc. Makati City,
Philippines (2004), pp. 122-129

Online Sources:

[Link]/lessons/d1iSmnBf08oHIg/copy-of-monocots-vs-
dicots

[Link]/biology/identification-of-the-different-parts-of-an-embryo-
of-a-dicot-seed/

[Link]/photo/monocot-dicot-plants-comparison-
examples/

[Link]/illustration/[Link]

[Link]/science/pollination/[Link]

[Link]/worksheet_info/science/keystage2/year3/topic/674/1
983/seed-dispersal

18
 [Link]/science/grade-5/moss-and-fern-life-cycles

[Link]/social-responsibility/biomimicry/burr/

[Link]/search/pollination

MANAGEMENT and DEVELOPMENT TEAM

Schools Division Superintendent: Maria Magdalena M. Lim, CESO V

Chief Education Supervisor: Aida H. Rondilla
CID Education Program Supervisor: Rebecca M. Roxas
CID LR Supervisor: Lucky S. Carpio
CID-LRMS Librarian II: Lady Hannah C. Gillo
CID-LRMS PDO II: Albert James P. Macaraeg

Editor:
Writer: Sarah Marie F. Victoria, MT I
Illustrator: Fiona Zenaida V. Palabrica

19
 KEY TO CORRECTION

Pre-Test Looking Back to Your Lesson

1) D 6) B 1) E
2) A 7) A 2) D
3) C 8) C 3) C
4) B 9) A 4) B
5) B 10) D 5) A

Activity 1

Across Down
1) pollination 6) flowers
2) cross 7) self
3) fertilization 8) pollinators
4) anther 9) stigma
5) seeds 10) DNA

Activity 2 Activity 3

1) seed 1) True A. 2
2) fruit 2) False B. 4
3) cotyledon 3) True C. 1
4) seed coat or testa 4) True D. 3
5) embryo 5) False

Activity 4

Underground Stems
Stems Roots Leaves
Rhizome Bulb Tuber Runner

rose strawberry
radish gabi
santan katakataka ginger onion Bermuda
camote ube
gumamela grass

Post Test

1) B 6) D
2) A 7) A
3) C 8) C
4) A 9) B
5) D 10) B
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