Name: Vaghasiya Parthvi Arvind Bhai

Class: Tybca Div-4

Topic: Cyberbullying Detection
Guided by: DR. Piyush sir Arora

Cyber Bullying
Detection
History
Cyberbullying can take place on social media sites such as Facebook, Myspace, and
Twitter. "By 2008, 93% of young people between the ages of 12 and 17 were online. In fact,
youth spend more time with media than any single other activity besides sleeping."

The last decade has witnessed a surge of cyberbullying, which is categorized as bullying
that occurs through the use of electronic communication technologies, such as e-mail, instant
messaging, social media, online gaming, or through digital messages or images sent to a cellular
phone.

There are many risks attached to social media sites, and cyberbullying is one of the larger
risks. One million children were harassed, threatened or subjected to other forms of
cyberbullying on Facebook during the past year, [when?] while 90 percent of social-media-using
teens who have witnessed online cruelty say they have ignored mean behaviour on social media,
and 35 percent have done so frequently.
 Ninety-five percent of social-media-using teens who have witnessed cruel behaviour on
social networking sites say they have seen others ignoring the mean behaviour, and 55 percent
have witnessed this frequently.

Terms like "Facebook depression" have been coined specifically in regard to the result of
extended social media use, with cyberbullying playing a large part in this. [citation needed]

Cyberbullying has become more common nowadays because of all the technology that
children have access to. The most common apps that teenagers use to cyberbully are Instagram,
Twitter, and Snapchat.

Cyberbullying has become harder to stop because parents and teachers are unaware of
when and where it is happening. Teens will say awful things to one another online and what they
do not realize is that once it is said and published online it will not go away.

Home used to be a safe place for teens, but now a child is still within reach of becoming
a victim of cyberbullying- whether it is through YouTube, [Link], or a text message.

According to a 2013 Pew Research study, eight out of ten teens who use social media
now share more information about themselves than they have in the past. This includes their
location, images, and contact information. In order to protect children, it is important that
personal information such as age, birthday, school/church, phone number, etc. be kept
confidential.

Two studies from 2014 found that 80% of body-shaming tweets are sent by women, while
they also accounted for 50% of misogynistic tweets.

Cyberbullying can also take place through the use of websites belonging to certain groups
to effectively request the targeting of another individual or group. An example of this is the
bullying of climate scientists and activists.

Defination
Cyberbullying is often similar to traditional bullying, with some notable distinctions.
Victims of cyberbullying may not know the identity of their bully, or why the bully is targeting
them, based on the online nature of the interaction.
The harassment can have wide-reaching effects on the victim, as the content used to
harass the victim can be spread and shared easily among many people and often remains
accessible long after the initial incident.

Introduction
The word “bully” can be traced back as far as the 1530s (Harper, 2008). In its most basic
sense bullying involves two people, a bully or intimidator and a victim.
 The bully abuses the victim through physical, verbal, or other means in order to gain a
sense of superiority and power. These actions may be direct (i.e., hitting, verbally assaulting
face-to-face, etc.) or indirect (i.e., rumors, gossip, etc.).

When bullying behaviour is carried out through the use of information and
communication technologies such as email, mobile phones, instant messaging (IM), social
networking websites, apps, and other online technologies it becomes increasingly difficult to deal
with and goes beyond the traditional boundaries of the school environment.
According to a survey conducted by research firm Ipsos puts India on top when it comes
to cyberbullying of adults. Also, according to a recent study by Microsoft Corporation, India
ranks third overall, after China and Singapore, in cyberbullying of children. cyberbullying
includes motives and actions that seek to humiliate, threaten, control, insult or slander the
victims.
Most common cyberbullying cases include photoshopping the target’s face on nude
bodies, spreading false rumors through anonymous or public profiles about someone, posting
defamatory messages about or to someone, or using filmed footage of potential victims in
provocative situations to blackmail them.
Parents, being less enlightened about modern technology than young adults, are often in
the dark about the horrific experiences of their children. In many cases the children themselves
do not tell their parents either under threat from the bully or out of fear of social stigma.
Since children often take the pressure alone on their young shoulders, a feeling of
depression and self-isolation sets in. In extreme cases it leads one to commit suicide.
The biggest problem regarding cyberbullying is that the age group of the offender’s
ranges from as young as eight to the legal adult age of eighteen and beyond. In schools, children
are bullied on the basis of their physical features, race, age or even their level of knowledge.
Even if no actual long-lasting harm may be intended, the victims are often left
permanently c are not brought to justice and bullying in itself is left unchecked, there is a very
high risk of the problem evolving into something more harmful and, maybe, uncontrollable.
India, being one of the prominent IT hubs in the world, ought to have good enough laws
effective immediately that curb cybercrime and punish its offenders.
With rapid globalization, availability of cheap mobile phones and laptops, easy to use
technology, and inexpensive network charges, India is a potential sitting duck for all forms of
cyber-crimes including bullying. In the meantime, people must try to become more aware of
cyberbullying.

what counts as cyberbullying?

If you’ve ever seen the TV host Jimmy Kimmel’s segment “Celebrities Read Mean
Tweets,” you will have an idea of what it means to cyberbully someone. Although this segment is
humorous, the reality of the situation is very different.
 Cyberbullying is any type of harassing, threatening, demeaning language. It can also
involve embarrassing another person online. Typically, this is done through mean comments,
online rumors, and even sexual remarks. They’re usually connected with appearance,
intelligence, race, or sexuality.

Essentially, anything that is posted online that’s intended to hurt or upset someone else,
regardless of what the topic is, is considered to be cyberbullying.

The most common type of online harassment are comments (22.5%), according to US
students.

apart from posting mean comments online (22.5%), spreading rumors (20.1%), and
posting sexual remarks (12.1%), cyberbullies among US students commonly use aggressive and
pejorative words, threats, profile hacking, and photo-sharing without consent.

64% of victims who receive an aggressive instant message say they know the perpetrator
from in-person situations

Even when they personally know their victims, perpetrators often resort to annoying,
upsetting, and embarrassing them online, mostly by mocking their photos or status updates in
group chats (35%). Perpetrators can also troll victims in an online game (25%).

Nearly 1 in 6 (15%) of online teens said they had experienced unwanted forwarding of
private communication.

18% of teens aged 15-17 and 11% of younger teens have experienced their bullies

sending their private messages to others or sharing them on public channels.

Teens (61%) who report being bullied say it was because of their appearance personal
appearance

(61%) seems to be the most common reason for cyberbullying, followed by intelligence
(25%). Racism (17%) and sexual discrimination (15%) are also frequent tools for discrimination,
as well as mocking someone because of their financial difficulties (15%) and religion (11%)

Bullies often target victims with disabilities and mental illnesses.

It’s easier to bully someone weaker, right? Someone who can’t fight back. That’s why
bullies often harass someone who is dealing with a mental illness or has a disability.

Recent statistics show steady growth in cyberbullying trends.

Between 2007 and 2016, the number of teens experiencing cyberbullying had remained
almost the same (32%+-). In 2019 cyberbullying statistics, nearly 43% of teens (mostly girls and
LGBTQ community members) had experienced some form of online harassment.
53% of US adults who use the internet have personally experienced online harassment.
More than half of US adults (53%) who use the internet have dealt with cyberbullying,
with 37% reporting severe online harassment, including physical threats (22%), sexual
harassment (18%), stalking (18%), and sustained harassment (17%).
56% of online harassment victims reported that they had been harassed on Facebook.
 This definitely doesn’t come as a surprise, given that Facebook is the dominant social
media platform, counting nearly 2.85 billion monthly active users, 1.8 billion of whom are US
users.
Who is prone to cyberbullying?
While cyberbullying is mostly associated with school children, they aren’t the only
targets, and many adults experience cyberbullying themselves.
The most common target for cyberbullies are children, young adults (especially girls),
students, and members of the LGBTQ community.
As far as the bullies themselves are concerned, they come from all walks of life. Studies
show that children with less involved parents and those suffering from depression or anxiety tend
to display bullying behaviour, but nothing’s conclusive as of yet.
Girls are more likely than boys to be both victims and perpetrators of cyberbullying.
Only 6% of boys reported being bullied online, compared to 15% of girls, particularly
older girls aged 12-17. 41% of older girls reported experiencing some form of online harassment.
7 in 10 young people experience cyberbullying before they hit the age of 18.
That’s 45% of young and older teens (especially girls and members of the LGBTQ
community) who have been victims of cyberbullies. It’s an alarming percentage that seems to be
only increasing.
About 37% of children between 12- and 17-years experienced cyberbullying at least once.
Although a great number of young people (60%) had witnessed their peers aged 12-17
(37%) being bullied, they didn’t bother to try and stop the bullying. Most people don’t want to
intervene to avoid becoming victims themselves.
From a poll of 20,000, 70% of school students said that someone spread rumors about them
online.
This statistic was uncovered by the Florida Atlantic University, in a study of surveys
conducted over the past decade. The study also found that 73% of middle and high-school
students had experienced bullying on school grounds.
More than one in 10 students (12%) admitted to cyberbullying someone else at least once.
This same Florida Atlantic University study found that 12% of respondents confessed that
they had bullied someone online at some point in their life. The perpetrators were most
Over 12% of LGBT youth have experienced cyberbullying.
LGBT cyberbullying statistics show that LGBT teens are more likely to be bullied than
heterosexual teens. More than 12% of LGBT teens reported being cyberbullied, with 58%
dealing with hate speech and 35% receiving online threats.
Where are people cyberbullied?
There isn’t a single platform where all of the cyberbullying takes place, and no online
space is completely free of cyberbullying. Since most children and young adults access the
internet via their mobile devices, this is the most common medium through which they
experience this type of harassment.
Cyberbullying statistics show that Instagram is the most common platform for
cyberbullying, closely followed by Facebook and Snapchat. Many people experience
cyberbullying while playing online multiplayer games as well. While YouTube is among the
online platforms with the highest number of users, only a tenth of users have so far reported
experiencing cyberbullying there.
95% of teens in the U.S. are online, and the vast majority access the internet on their
mobile device, making it the most common medium for cyberbullying.
With the growing use of mobile devices, the problem of cyberbullying in the US has
increased. Teens have internet access pretty much everywhere, which makes it very easy for
them to bully people online.
More youths experienced cyberbullying on Instagram (42%) than on any other platform.
A recent survey shows that Facebook (37%) and Snapchat (31%) don’t lag far behind
Instagram (42%), while there are fewer cases of cyberbullying on WhatsApp (12%), YouTube
(10%), and Twitter (9%).

Internet trolls are most active on social media.

According to Statista research, 38% of online trolls target people on social media, while 23%
prefer trolling people on YouTube and other video-sharing platforms. They also often operate on
forums, chat rooms, and blogs.
Respondents with children who play online games reported a higher rate of cyberbullying
attacks than those whose kids engage in only standard browsing activities.
79% of respondents reported their child receiving physical threats while playing games
online, while 41% reported their child receiving sexist or racist remarks or experiencing name-
calling through mean online comments.
What types of games do online bullies fancy most?
According to a Cyberbullying Research Center survey, gamers who prefer MMORPGs (26.8%)
are more likely to engage in cyberbullying, followed by those who prefer third-person shooter
(24.5%), first-person shooter (14.2%), and sports games (11.9%).
 Types of Bullying
There are three types of bullying:

1]Verbal bullying is saying or writing mean things. Verbal bullying includes:

Teasing
Name-calling
Inappropriate sexual comments
Taunting
Threatening to cause harm

2]Social bullying, sometimes referred to as relational bullying, involves hurting someone’s

reputation or relationships. Social bullying includes:
Leaving someone out on purpose
Telling other children not to be friends with someone
Spreading rumors about someone
Embarrassing someone in public

3]Physical bullying involves hurting a person’s body or possessions. Physical bullying includes:
Hitting/kicking/pinching
Spitting
Tripping/pushing
Taking or breaking someone’s things
Making mean or rude hand gestures

Blogging bullying
With over 500 million blogs on the internet, it’s no wonder that bloggers are, in fact, one
of the most common targets for cyberbullies. While the comment section is usually reserved for
discussions and questions for the author, you’ll notice hateful and hurtful comments sometimes
tend to be prevalent. The victim of blogging bullying isn’t only the author but includes many
commenters as well.
The other side of blogging bullying is when the author of the blog themselves posts
hateful content that’s intended to embarrass, insult, or otherwise upset someone else. While this
is most prevalent among school children and students, it’s common among adults as well.
If you want to start a blog, keep these facts in mind.

Impacts of cyberbullying
Bullying as a whole has a huge impact on a victim’s mental wellbeing and their overall
quality of life, and cyberbullying is no different. As a matter of fact, some studies suggest that
bullies tend to be more aggressive online as there are rarely any real-world consequences of their
actions, so the impact on the victims could potentially be even greater.
Victims of cyberbullying often experience much lower self-esteem, greater social anxiety,
depression, and many experiences suicidal thoughts as well.
Cyberbullying can be a cause of alcohol and drug abuse, eating disorders, poor school
performance, and more. All this serves to show how harmful cyberbullying is and how important
it is to put a stop to it.
More teen suicides are now attributed in some way to cyberbullying than ever before.
Between 2008 and 2015, the number of teens who attempted suicide or had suicidal thoughts has
doubled, as revealed at the Pediatric Academic Societies Meeting of 2017. Many cases were the
result of cyberbullying.
Cyberbullying can have serious impacts on the self-esteem and mental health of people who
experience it.
These alarming cyberbullying statistics show how enormous the negative impact of
bullying is and how paramount it is to take strong measures to finally stop it. The overall health
of targeted people depends on it. 41% of people who were cyberbullied developed social anxiety
and 37% of them developed depression, while 26% even had suicidal thoughts.
The top questions on cyberbullying
1. Am I being bullied online? How do you tell the difference between a joke and bullying?
2. What are the effects of cyberbullying?
3. How can cyberbullying affect my mental health?
4. Who should I talk to if someone is bullying me online? Why is reporting important?
5. I’m experiencing cyberbullying, but I’m afraid to talk to my parents about it. How can I
approach them?
6. How can I help my friends report a case of cyberbullying especially if they don’t want to do
it?
7. How do we stop cyberbullying without giving up access to the internet?
8. How do I prevent my personal information from being used to manipulate or humiliate me on
social media?
9. Is there a punishment for cyberbullying?
10. Technology companies don’t seem to care about online bullying and harassment. Are they
being held responsible?
11. Are there any online anti-bullying tools for children or young people?
1. Am I being bullied online? How do you tell the difference between a joke and bullying?
All friends joke around with each other, but sometimes it’s hard to tell if someone is just
having fun or trying to hurt you, especially online. Sometimes they’ll laugh it off with a “just
kidding,” or “don’t take it so seriously.”
But if you feel hurt or think others are laughing at you instead of with you, then the joke
has gone too far. If it continues even after you’ve asked the person to stop and you are still
feeling upset about it, then this could be bullying.
And when the bullying takes place online, it can result in unwanted attention from a wide
range of people including strangers. Wherever it may happen, if you are not happy about it, you
should not have to stand for it.
Call it what you will – if you feel bad and it doesn’t stop, then it’s worth getting help.
Stopping cyberbullying is not just about calling out bullies, it’s also about recognizing that
everyone deserves respect – online and in real life.
2. What are the effects of cyberbullying?
When bullying happens online it can feel as if you’re being attacked everywhere, even inside
your own home. It can seem like there’s no escape. The effects can last a long time and affect a
person in many ways:
• Mentally – feeling upset, embarrassed, stupid, even afraid or angry
• Emotionally – feeling ashamed or losing interest in the things you love
Physically – tired (loss of sleep), or experiencing symptoms like stomach aches and headaches
The feeling of being laughed at or harassed by others, can prevent people from speaking
up or trying to deal with the problem. In extreme cases, cyberbullying can even lead to people
taking their own lives.
Cyberbullying can affect us in many ways. But these can be overcome and people can
regain their confidence and health.
3. How can cyberbullying affect my mental health?
When you experience cyberbullying you might start to feel ashamed, nervous, anxious
and insecure about what people say or think about you. This can lead to withdrawing from
friends and family, negative thoughts and self-talk, feeling guilty about things you did or did not
do, or feeling that you are being judged negatively. Feeling lonely, overwhelmed, frequent
headaches, nausea or stomachaches are also common.
You can lose your motivation to do the things that you usually enjoy doing and feel
isolated from the people you love and trust. This can perpetuate negative feelings and thoughts
which can adversely affect your mental health and well-being.
Skipping school is another common effect of cyberbullying and can affect the mental
health of young people who turn to substances like alcohol and drugs or violent behavior to deal
with their psychological and physical pain. Talking to a friend, family member or school
counsellor you trust can be a first step to getting help.
The effects of cyberbullying on mental health can vary depending on the medium through
which it happens. For example, bullying via text messaging or through pictures or videos on
social media platforms has proven to be very harmful for adolescents.
Cyberbullying has the potential of having a negative impact on people's mental health.
It's why it's so important that you reach out to someone you trust – whether it's a parent, teacher,
friend or caregiver – and let them know what you're going through so that they can help you. Our
Bullying Prevention guide includes a list of resources that can help you find support.
We've also created a Guardian's Guide on digital safety for caregivers so they can help
their teens learn about digital safety in order to manage their online presence. It includes tips that
we created in partnership with parents and teens on the type of support that teens really value
from trusted adults.
Facebook/Instagram
If you’re being bullied online, we encourage you to talk to a parent, teacher or someone
else you can trust – you have a right to be safe and supported.
We also make it easy to report any bullying directly within Facebook or Instagram.
You can always send our team an anonymous report from a post, comment, story or DM
on Facebook or Instagram.
We have a team who reviews these reports 24/7 around the world in 50+ languages, and
we’ll remove anything that’s abusive or bullying. These reports are always anonymous.
On Facebook, we have a guide that can help lead you through the process of dealing with
bullying – or what to do if you see someone else being bullied. For Instagram, we have a Parent’s
Guide that provides recommendations for parents, guardians and trusted adults on how to
navigate cyberbullying, and you can also learn more about our safety tools and our anti-bullying
tools.
TikTok
Everyone has the right to feel safe and to be treated with respect and dignity. Bullying
and harassment are incompatible with the inclusive environment we foster on TikTok.
If you ever feel someone is bullying you or otherwise being inappropriate, reach out to
someone you trust - for example, a parent, a teacher or a caregiver – who can provide support.
We deploy both technology and thousands of safety professionals to help keep bullying
off TikTok. We also encourage our community members to make use of the easy in-app reporting
tools to alert us if they or someone they know has experienced bullying. You can report videos,
comments, accounts and direct messages so that we can take appropriate action and help keep
you safe. Reports are always confidential.
You can find out more in our Bullying Prevention guide for teens, caregivers, and
educators on how to identify and prevent bullying, and provide support.
Twitter
 Being the target of bullying online is not easy to deal with. If you are being cyberbullied,
the most important thing to do is to ensure you are safe. It’s essential to have someone to talk to
about what you are going through. This may be a teacher, another trusted adult, or a parent. Talk
to your parents and friends about what to do if you or a friend are being cyberbullied.
We encourage people to report accounts to us that may break our rules. You can do this
on our Help Center or through the in-Tweet reporting mechanism by clicking on the “Report a
Tweet” option.
4. Who should I talk to if someone is bullying me online? Why is reporting important?
If you think you’re being bullied, the first step is to seek help from someone you trust
such as your parents, a close family member or another trusted adult.
In your school you can reach out to a counsellor, the sports coach or your favourite
teacher – either online or in person. And if you are not comfortable talking to someone you
know, search for a helpline in your country to talk to a professional counsellor.
If the bullying is happening on a social platform, consider blocking the bully and
formally reporting their behaviour on the platform itself. Social media companies are obligated
to keep their users safe.
For bullying to stop, it needs to be identified and reporting it is key. It can be helpful to
collect evidence – text messages and screen shots of social media posts – to show what’s been
going on.
For bullying to stop, it needs to be identified and reporting it is key. It can also help to
show the bully that their behaviour is unacceptable.
If you are in immediate danger, then you should contact the police or emergency services
in your country.
5. I’m experiencing cyberbullying, but I’m afraid to talk to my parents about it. How can I
approach them?
If you are experiencing cyberbullying, speaking to a trusted adult – someone you feel
safe talking to – is one of the most important first steps you can take.
Talking to parents isn’t easy for everyone. But there are things you can do to help the
conversation. Choose a time to talk when you know you have their full attention. Explain how
serious the problem is for you. Remember, they might not be as familiar with technology as you
are, so you might need to help them to understand what’s happening.
They might not have instant answers for you, but they are likely to want to help and
together you can find a solution. Two heads are always better than one! If you are still unsure
about what to do, consider reaching out to other trusted people. There are often more people who
care about you and are willing to help than you might think!
6. How can I help my friends report a case of cyberbullying especially if they don’t want to
do it?
 Anyone can become a victim of cyberbullying. If you see this happening to someone you
know, try to offer support.
It is important to listen to your friend. Why don’t they want to report being cyberbullied?
How are they feeling? Let them know that they don’t have to formally report anything, but it’s
crucial to talk to someone who might be able to help.
Anyone can become a victim of cyberbullying.
Remember, your friend may be feeling fragile. Be kind to them. Help them think through
what they might say and to whom. Offer to go with them if they decide to report. Most
importantly, remind them that you’re there for them and you want to help.
If your friend still does not want to report the incident, then support them in finding a
trusted adult who can help them deal with the situation. Remember that in certain situations the
consequences of cyberbullying can be life threatening.
Doing nothing can leave the person feeling that everyone is against them or that nobody
cares. Your words can make a difference.
7. How do we stop cyberbullying without giving up access to the Internet?
Being online has so many benefits. However, like many things in life, it comes with risks
that you need to protect against.
If you experience cyberbullying, you may want to delete certain apps or stay offline for a
while to give yourself time to recover. But getting off the Internet is not a long-term solution.
You did nothing wrong, so why should you be disadvantaged? It may even send the bullies the
wrong signal — encouraging their unacceptable behaviour.
We need to be thoughtful about what we share or say that may hurt others.
We all want cyberbullying to stop, which is one of the reasons reporting cyberbullying is
so important. But creating the Internet we want goes beyond calling out bullying. We need to be
thoughtful about what we share or say that may hurt others. We need to be kind to one another
online and in real life. It's up to all of us!

8. How do I prevent my personal information from being used to manipulate or humiliate

me on social media?
Think twice before posting or sharing anything on digital platforms – it may be online
forever and could be used to harm you later. Don’t give out personal details such as your address,
telephone number or the name of your school.
Learn about the privacy settings of your favourite social media apps. Here are some
actions you can take on many of them:
You can decide who can see your profile, send you direct messages or comment on your
posts by adjusting your account privacy settings.
 You can report hurtful comments, messages, photos and videos and request they be
removed.
Besides ‘unfriending’, you can completely block people to stop them from seeing your
profile or contacting you.
You can also choose to have comments by certain people to appear only to them without
completely blocking them.
You can delete posts on your profile or hide them from specific people.
On most of your favourite social media, people aren't notified when you block, restrict or
report them.
9. Is there a punishment for cyberbullying?
Most schools take bullying seriously and will take action against it. If you are being
cyberbullied by other students, report it to your school.
People who are victims of any form of violence, including bullying and cyberbullying,
have a right to justice and to have the offender held accountable.
Laws against bullying, particularly on cyberbullying, are relatively new and still do not
exist everywhere. This is why many countries rely on other relevant laws, such as ones against
harassment, to punish cyberbullies.
In countries that have specific laws on cyberbullying, online behaviour that deliberately
causes serious emotional distress is seen as criminal activity. In some of these countries, victims
of cyberbullying can seek protection, prohibit communication from a specified person and
restrict the use of electronic devices used by that person for cyberbullying, temporarily or
permanently.
10. Technology companies don’t seem to care about online bullying and harassment. Are
they being held responsible?
Technology companies are increasingly paying attention to the issue of online bullying.
Many of them are introducing ways to address it and better protect their users with new
tools, guidance and ways to report online abuse.
But it is true that more is needed. Many young people experience cyberbullying every
day. Some face extreme forms of online abuse. Some have taken their own lives as a result.
Technology companies have a responsibility to protect their users especially children and
young people.
It is up to all of us to hold them accountable when they’re not living up to these
responsibilities.
However, it is important to remember that punishment is not always the most effective
way to change the behaviour of bullies. It is often better to focus on repairing the harm and
mending the relationship.
11. Are there any online anti-bullying tools for children or young people?
Each social platform offers different tools (see available ones below) that allow you to
restrict who can comment on or view your posts or who can connect automatically as a friend,
and to report cases of bullying. Many of them involve simple steps to block, mute or report
cyberbullying. We encourage you to explore them.
Social media companies also provide educational tools and guidance for children, parents
and teachers to learn about risks and ways to stay safe online.
Also, the first line of defense against cyberbullying could be you. Think about where
cyberbullying happens in your community and ways you can help – by raising your voice,
calling out bullies, reaching out to trusted adults or by creating awareness of the issue. Even a
simple act of kindness can go a long [Link] first line of defense against cyberbullying could be
you.
If you are worried about your safety or something that has happened to you online,
urgently speak to an adult you trust. Many countries have a special helpline you can call for free
and talk to someone anonymously. Visit United for Global Mental Health to find help in your
country.

Research has found that children who are bullied are 9 times more likely to be the victims
of identity fraud as well.
This was revealed in a 2017 worldwide study by Javelin Strategy & Research, which
showed that there was a big connection between being bullied online and being a victim of
identity theft afterward.
Data on the psychological impact of women experiencing online abuse or harassment
worldwide.
According to a 2017 survey by Statista, a significant number of female victims of
cyberbullying end up dealing with a range of negative effects on their mental health and overall
well-being. 66% of cyberbullied women felt powerless in their ability to respond to the abuse
while 63% of them couldn’t sleep well. Another significant negative effect due to cyberbullying
is a loss of self-confidence, which was found in 61% of women.

Cyberbullying around the World

Cyberbullying isn’t just a problem solely in the United States. It’s actually a global issue.
The top 3 countries where cyberbullying is the most prevalent are India, Brazil, and the United
States, but it is a common occurrence everywhere.
Social media cyberbullying statistics show that over 65% of parents around the world cite
cyberbullying on social media as one of their greatest worries.
While many countries are trying to impose anti-bullying laws, an effective preventative
measure still hasn’t been discovered, and residents of many countries aren’t satisfied with how
bullying is being handled.
On the bright side, cyberbullying awareness is at an all-time high, meaning that governments
around the world must take measures to prevent it.
Countries where cyberbullying was reported the most
India has recorded the highest rate of children falling victim to cyberbullying in 2018 so far.
Over 37% of Indian parents have admitted that their children have been victims of cyberbullying
at least once, which is 5% more than in 2016.

Out of 30 countries, one in three young people state they have been a victim of online
bullying, with one in five reporting having skipped school due to cyberbullying and
violence.
These statistics were recently revealed by a UNICEF poll, raising even more concern
about cyberbullying and calling for urgent action to finally end all forms of violence in schools
and societies all over the world.
65% of parents know a child in their household or community who had been cyberbullied
through social media.
Out of 20,793 parents participating in worldwide research, the majority (65%) fear social
media bullying for a good reason, as most cases do take place there, primarily on Instagram,
Facebook, and Snapchat. Other common online threats include online messaging (38%) and chat
rooms (34%).
Global cyberbullying awareness is at 75%. Sweden and Italy are leading the chart with
91% awareness.
Cyberbullying awareness is on the rise, showing real promise of putting an end to this serious
global problem. Cyberbullying facts and statistics show that Saudi Arabians are currently the
least aware of cyberbullying (37%).

Frequency of Cyberbullying
There are two sources of federally collected data on youth bullying:
2019 School Crime Supplement to the National Crime Victimization Survey (National
Center for Education Statistics and Bureau of Justice) indicates that, nationwide, about 16
percent of students in grades 9–12 experienced cyberbullying.
The 2019 Youth Risk Behaviour Surveillance System (Centers for Disease Control and
Prevention) indicates that an estimated 15.7% of high school students were electronically bullied
in the 12 months prior to the survey.
 Reactions to cyberbullying
While most people are aware of bullying and cyberbullying facts, few know how to deal
with it. Those who are witnesses to it rarely react, mostly because they fear the repercussions of
getting involved. Parents are often not aware that their child is being cyberbullied because most
children believe this to be a normal occurrence and don’t want to let their parents know.
Most children attempt to stop cyberbullying by blocking the bullies on social media
platforms, and so far, this seems to be their best option.
Luckily, 48 US states have introduced electronic harassment laws, and 44 of them include
criminal sanctions for cyberbullying.
Google Trends data indicates much more attention is focused on cyberbullying than ever
before.
People are becoming increasingly aware of this issue, which doesn’t come as a surprise,
given that cyberbullying has been steadily growing for years. Anti-bullying laws have definitely
helped raise awareness.
The website [Link] recorded over 9.3 million visits in 2016 from people seeking
help with bullying, cyberbullying, and online safety.
Websites like [Link] have been more common in recent years, empowering
people who experience any kind of bullying to seek help and regain control of their lives.
The number of US states with state cyberbullying laws, by policy implementation
Cyberbullying laws in the US vary by state and policy implementation. 48 states include
cyberbullying and online harassment in their laws while 44 states include criminal sanctions for
cyberbullying in their laws.
83% of young people believe social media companies should be doing more to tackle
cyberbullying on their platforms.
As already discussed, generally the best option seems to be blocking bullies on social
media, but that doesn’t prevent the bullies from spreading online rumors and using other types of
online harassment.
Frequency of talking about the internet and online behaviour between parents and
children.
According to a social media survey by Telenor Group, a lot of parents (46%) speak to
their children frequently about online behaviour and threats. However, some parents (39%) do it
only sometimes, while others (12%) never do it.

4 out of 5 students say they would be more likely to intervene in instances of cyberbullying
if they could do it anonymously.
Most witnesses to cyberbullying don’t ever intervene, as they wouldn’t want the
perpetrators to turn on them. However, if there was an anonymous way to do it, 81% of students
say they would probably help the victims.
Parents want to be involved in helping to prevent and solve cyberbullying but don’t know
how.
The study also found that teens often believe cyberbullying is normal and don’t want
parents to intervene. This is why we need to continue raising awareness about cyberbullying.
Teens need to understand that it’s not normal, and every parent should have access to effective
solutions against bullies.
68% of US respondents confirm they are sharing less personal information online than
before.
Children are also increasingly aware of the dangers of cyberbullying. Reducing personal
information shared online is definitely one of the ways to prevent some forms of cyberbullying,
such as blackmail. The fewer bullies know about someone, the less likely they are to harass them
both online and offline.
Over 70% of teens say that blocking the account of the perpetrator was the most effective
method for internet safety.
Before talking to their parents or seeking any help, most US teens block their bullies’
social media accounts. They believe it to be the best way to prevent cyberbullying.

Cyberbullying Defined
Patchin and Hinduja define cyberbullying as “wilful and repeated harm inflicted through
the medium of electronic text.” Willful harm excludes sarcasm between friends comments meant
to criticize or disagree with an opinion but not meant to attack the individual.

Nine different types of cyberbullying were identified Flooding consists of the bully
monopolizing the media so that the victim cannot post a message Masquerade involves the bully
logging in to a website, chat room, or program using another user’s screen name to either bully a
victim directly or damage the victim’s reputation

Flaming, or bashing, involves two or more users attacking each other on a personal level.
The conversation consists of a heated, short-lived argument, and there is bullying language in all
of the users’ posts trolling, also known as baiting, involves intentionally posting comments that
disagree with other posts in an emotionally charged thread for the purpose of provoking a fight,
even if the comments don't necessarily reflect the poster’s actual opinion

Harassment most closely mirrors traditional bullying with the stereotypical bully victim
relationship. This type of cyberbullying involves repeatedly sending offensive messages to the
victim over an extended period of time

Cyberstalking and cyberthreats involve sending messages that include threats of harm, are
intimidating or very offensive, or involve extortion denigration involves gossiping about
someone online. Writing vulgar, mean, or untrue rumors about someone to another user or
posting them to a public community or chat room or website falls under denigration
 Literate Survey
Literate Survey In a recent study on cyberbullying detection [5], Electronic aggression,
or cyber bullying, is a relatively new phenomenon. In a series of two studies, exploratory and
confirmatory factor analyses (EFAs and CFAs respectively) were used to examine whether
electronic aggression can be measured using items similar to that used for measuring traditional
bullying, and whether adolesce+nts respond to questions about electronic aggression in the same
way they do for tradition al bullying.
EFA and CFA results revealed that adolescents did not differentiate between bullies,
victims, and witnesses; rather, they made distinctions among the methods used for the aggressive
in general, it appears that adolescents differentiated themselves as individuals who participated in
specific mode of online aggression, rather than as individuals who played a particular role in
online aggression.
In another study [7], gender specific features were used and users were categorized into
male and female groups.
In other study [8], NUM and NORM features were devised by assigning a severity level
to the badwords list (forswearing. com) NUM is a count and NORM is a normalization of the
badwords respectively. The dataset consisted of 3,915 posted messages crawled from the Web
Site, [Link].
They employed replication of positive examples up to ten times and accuracy on the
range of classifiers was reported. Their findings showed that the C4.5 decision tree and an
instancebased learner were able to identify the true positives with 78.5% accuracy.
Dinakar et al. in considered detecting cyberbullying in the form of sexuality, race,
intelligence and profanity label-specific comments. On

Figure. A graph showing cyberbullying analysis.

Facts on Cyber Bullying

Acoording to a survey, figure 1 shows analysis of the occurrence of cyberbullying by
various social networking sites and email and it also shows the percentage of kids who faced
online bullying and the youth who have committed suicide because of cyber bullying.

It also shows the data gender wise. According to this surve maximum percentage of
bullying is done through Facebook

i.e., around 70% and minimum online bullying is done through emails i.e. around 25%.
Around 48 % of kids have faced cyber harassment among them 45% were girls and 30% were
boys and youth who have committed suicide due to cyberbullying are around 55 %.
 Cyberbullying Laws in India
To have an understanding of cyber law in India it is necessary to what is the meaning of
bullying and what is cyberbullying in India. 

Bullying means inflicting physical or physiological pain and hurt in a systematic way to
distress the victim which are mostly students and employees. And when the bullying is done
online it is known as anti-bullying or cyberbullying.

  Cyberbullying in the office by the colleagues also comes under the harassment at the
workplace in India. With the popularity of the internet in the youth, it is mostly teens who are the
perpetrators as well as the victims of anti-bullying or cyberbullying and thus school bullying is
very common. 

There is no specific legislation that provides for the specific cyberbullying laws in India
however provisions such as Section 67 of the Information Technology Act deals with
cyberbullying in a way.

Section 67 of the act prescribes punishment for publishing or transmitting obscene

material in electronic form for a term which may extend to five years and also with fine which
may extend to ten lakh rupees.

Other than Section 67 of the IT Act following are the provisions of the cyberbullying
laws in India:

Section 507 IPC - The section states that if anyone receives criminal intimidation by way
of an anonymous communication then the person giving threats shall be punished with
imprisonment for up to two years. By virtue of word anonymous the offense of anti-bullying and
cyberbullying is included in this section.

Section 66 E of IT Act - The section prescribes punishment for violation of privacy. The
section states that any person who intentionally violates the privacy by transmitting, capturing or
publishing private pictures of others shall be punished with up to three years imprisonment or
fine up to three lakhs.

To protect yourself from cybercriminals, consult the top cyber-crime lawyers and file
Cyber-crime complaint.

Anti-bullying or Cyberbullying laws in India for bullying in school and Colleges

To deal with bullying at school there is no separate legislation in India but there is a dire
need to stop bullying.  Bullying in schools and especially in boarding schools is largely prevalent
in India.

To stop bullying in schools HRD ministry has also launched anti-ragging committees in
schools to punish students involved in the anti-bullying activities. The punishment can be up to
rustication of the student in the rare of the rarest case.

Similarly, the University Grants Commission (UGC) has also established anti-ragging

committees in the UGC approved colleges and universities. UGC further said that the colleges
and universities are mandated to follow the anti-ragging rules and if they fail to comply with the
rules of anti-ragging UGC can forfeit their recognition.  T

stop bullying at the higher education level (colleges and universities) “UGC Regulations
on Curbing the Menace of Ragging in Higher Education Institutions, 2009” has been enacted. 

Additionally, a college student who is the offender of cyberbullying can also be made
criminally liable under the provisions of the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973.  But no
provision of either the Indian Penal Code or Code of Criminal Procedure applies to the school
students for bullying at school.

Now the question is why are school students exempted from penal provisions for anti-
bullying or cyberbullying? The reason behind this is that students studying in schools are
juveniles and juveniles in our country are treated differently under the Juvenile Justice Act. To
have a clear understanding of the meaning of bullying and how to stop bullying connect to good
cyber-crime lawyers.

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Law enforcement
A majority of states have laws that explicitly include electronic forms of communication
within stalking or harassment laws. Most law enforcement agencies have cyber-crime units, and
Internet stalking is often treated with more seriousness than reports of physical stalking. Help
and resources can be searched by state or area.

Schools

The safety of online privacy issues in schools is increasingly becoming a focus of state
legislative action. There was an increase in cyberbullying enacted legislation between 2006 and
2010. Initiatives and curriculum requirements also exist in the UK (the Ofsted safety guidance)
and Australia (Overarching Learning Outcome 13).

In 2012, a group of teenagers in a design class New Haven, Connecticut developed an

application to help fight bullying, "Back Off Bully" (BOB).

This is an anonymous resource for computer, smart phone or iPad, designed so when
someone witnesses or is the victim of bullying, they can immediately report the incident. The app
asks questions about time, location and how the bullying is happening, as well as provides
positive action and empowerment regarding the incident.

The reported information goes to a database, where it may be studied by administrators.

Common threads are spotted so others can intervene and break the bully's pattern "Back Off
Bully" is being considered as standard operating procedure at schools across Connecticut, while
recent studies carried out among 66 high school teachers have concluded that prevention
programs have proved ineffective to date.

Teachers can also be cyberbullied by pupils, as well as by parents and other school staff.

Protection

There are laws that only address online harassment of children or focus on child
predators, as well as laws that protect adult cyberstalking victims, or victims of any age.

Currently, there are 45 cyberstalking (and related) laws on the books. While some sites
specialize in laws that protect victims age 18 and under, Working to Halt Online Abuse is a help
resource containing a list of current and pending cyberstalking-related United States federal and
state laws.

It also lists those states that do not yet have laws, and related laws from other countries.
The Global Cyber Law Database (GCLD) aims to become the most comprehensive and
authoritative source of cyber laws for all countries.

Several states, including Florida, California, and Missouri have passed laws against
cyberbullying. California prohibits the use of an electronic device to cause someone to fear for
their life. In Florida, the "Jeffrey Johnson Stand Up for All Students Act" prohibits any type of
bullying including cyberbullying.

In Missouri, anyone who violently threatens someone over social media can be convicted
with a Class A misdemeanor, but if the victim is seventeen years or younger, they can be
convicted with a Class D felony.

Age

Children report negative online behaviours occurring from the second grade. According
to research, boys initiate negative online activity earlier than girls. However, by middle school,
girls are more likely to engage in cyberbullying than boys. Whether the bully is male or female,
the purpose of childhood bullying is to intentionally embarrass, harass, intimidate, or make
threats online.

Studies on the psycho-social effects of cyberspace have begun to monitor the effects
cyberbullying may have on the victims. Consequences of cyberbullying are multi-faceted, and
affect both online and offline behavior.

Research on adolescents reported that changes in the victims' behavior as a result of

cyberbullying could potentially be positive. Victims "created a cognitive pattern of bullies, which
consequently helped them to recognize aggressive people.

However, the Journal of Psychosocial Research on Cyberspace abstract reports critical

impacts in almost all of the respondents, taking the form of lower self-esteem, loneliness,
disillusionment, and distrust of people. The more extreme effects included self-harm. Children
have killed each other and committed suicide after cyberbullying incidents.

Some cases of digital self-harm have been reported in which an individual engages in
cyberbullying against themselves, or purposefully and knowingly exposes themselves to
cyberbullying.

Adults

Cyberstalking may be an extension of physical stalking,[10] and may have criminal

consequences. A target's understanding of why cyberstalking is happening is helpful to remedy
and take protective action. Among factors that motivate stalkers are envy, pathological obsession
(professional or sexual), unemployment or failure with own job or life, or the desire to intimidate
and cause others to feel inferior.

The stalker may be delusional and believe he/she "knows" the target. The stalker wants to
instill fear in a person to justify his/her status, or may believe they can get away with these
actions due to online anonymity.
The US federal cyberstalking law is designed to prosecute people for using electronic means to
repeatedly harass or threaten someone online. There are resources dedicated to helping adult
victims deal with cyberbullies legally and effectively. One of the steps recommended is to record
everything and contact police.

Pros and Cons of Cyber Bullying

In today’s world young people have access to the entire world through the use of
computers, cell phones, and other electronic devices. The benefits of this have been great, but
with the good there has to be the bad.

Cyber Bullying is defined as any form of repeated harassment to a person using

electronic devices and the internet. It is a growing issue that youth are facing today. Studies have
shown that one third of students have faced some form of cyber bullying in their life, that is a
startling high amount. While it is hard to imagine any good coming from something so hurtful,
could there be pros to go with the cons?

The Pros of Cyberbullying

1. Stand Up for Themselves

Cyber bullying often attacks personal traits of an individual, such as their weight, appearance,
voice, or values. This can be extremely damaging to a developing child. Cyber bullies often
choose this avenue because it can be done from the safety of their home, with no real
confrontation. This works both ways, however. Children that are experiencing cyber bullying feel
much more empowered to stand up for themselves, because they are also in the comfort of their
home.

2. It’s in Writing

Social media, texts, and emails are all in writing, and once they are sent they cannot be taken
back. This gives hard and undeniable proof that this bullying is occurring, as well as exactly who
is involved. It can tremendously help parents and schools to identify who the problem students
are and the proper actions to take.

3. From the Bullies Perspective

If you are the person who is doing the bullying online, you may feel very confident and
courageous when bullying someone from behind a computer. This also often makes people
develop an inflated ego and feel “cool”.

The Cons of Cyber Bullying

1. Spreads to Day to Day Life

Cyber bullying is very commonly just a side product of real life, face to face bullying that is
occurring. This may make the victim feel scared and unsure in there normal days, especially at
school or other social situations.

2. Risk of Depression and Suicide

An increasing number of young kids are falling into a depressive state, and sadly, committing
suicide as a result from this cyber bullying. The abuse is so severe and inescapable that they feel
it is their only way out. Young adults and kids are very susceptible to criticism and cruelty
because they are still unsure of themselves.

3. Out of Schools Hands

Because cyber bullying doesn’t occur in the school in a literal sense, many schools do not do
anything about it. It is not because they don’t care, but the guildelines for discipline and
boundaries of when their control stops is unclear when it comes to student’s online lives.

4. It Follows You

Traditional bullying, or face to face altercations, doesn’t follow the same rules that cyber
bullying does. With traditional bullying the victim can go home and get away from it at some
point, they have safety zones and times. However, when it comes to cyber bullying all bets are
off. Cell phones and computers are always there, the attacks can happen at any time of the day or
night and anywhere. This makes the victims feel completely helpless.

5. Larger Audience

Cyber bullying is very much public, and because it is published it has the ability to reach a very
broad audience. Furthering the humiliation of the person being harassed.

Conclusion
In this paper we represented a survey on the current scenario of cyberbullying and
various methods available for the detection and prevention of cyber harassment.
Our concept depends upon the text analysis, the data which is uploaded or text written by
any user is first analysed and after that, we estimate the roles of user, is it a bully? or a victim?
and then provide help as required by the user using data mining techniques.
Also, we will be using a User Identity for registration on our site i.e., one will have to
provide an identity proof for registering on our site else they will not be able to make an account.
With this feature we will be able to check the problem of fake accounts and also cyberbullying
will be controlled to a limit as user accounts will be directly linked to their original identity. This
mechanism will be very helpful for our society and the victims.