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Coding and Decoding Techniques

The document provides examples of different types of coding rules that can be used to encode text. It discusses letter/number mapping, using guiding words to represent letter positions, applying mathematical operations to letter positions, replacing letters with those in corresponding positions, and comparing phrases across sentences to decode meanings in another language. An example is provided for each coding rule type to demonstrate how a given word or phrase can be encoded or how the coding rule works.

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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
336 views7 pages

Coding and Decoding Techniques

The document provides examples of different types of coding rules that can be used to encode text. It discusses letter/number mapping, using guiding words to represent letter positions, applying mathematical operations to letter positions, replacing letters with those in corresponding positions, and comparing phrases across sentences to decode meanings in another language. An example is provided for each coding rule type to demonstrate how a given word or phrase can be encoded or how the coding rule works.

Uploaded by

Umam
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Chapter 1: Coding Decoding

Something express in secret way is known as coding and the conversion of secret way into the actual meaning is

known as Decoding. It has wide application in various fields like defence services.

There are many different ways to write a coded message.

Important Note: It is good to avoid pre-defined coding rule to write a coded message.

Concept to generate coded word is heavily relying upon the position of English alphabet in Logical Reasoning.

A B C …....... X Y Z

1 2 3 24 25 26 LHS Counting

26 25 24 3 2 1 RHS Counting

We have keywords to help in remembering the position of alphabets.

E J O T Y F L R X

5 10 15 20 25 6 12 18 24

C F I L O R U X

3 6 9 12 15 18 21 24

These keywords are derived using position of alphabets from left hand side. Suppose we need to know the
position of alphabets from right hand side. This can be easily done using the relation

RHS = 27 - LHS

Similarly if LHS is required then

LHS = 27 - RHS.

Coding Rule Type

Type 1 Letter/ Number Mapping with Specific Individual Number / Letter / Symbol as per given
rules.
Example 1 Study the information carefully

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0
A B C D E F G H I L

Following conditions are to be strictly observed

1. If the first number is an odd number, it should be represent with M.


2. If the last number is an even number, it should be represent with N.
3. If either 4 or 9 exist in between, it should represent by X.

a) Find the coded letter for 148196

Solution

1 represent by ------------ M (Instead of A, M is used as per condition 1)

4 represent by ------------ X (Instead of D, X is used as per condition 3)

8 represent by ------------ H

1 represent by ------------ A

9 represent by ------------ X (Instead of I, X is used as per condition 3)

6 represent by ------------ N (Instead of F, N is used as per condition 2)

It implies 148196 represent using MXHAXN

b) Find the coded letter for 46789

Solution

4 represent by ------------ D
6 represent by ------------ F
7 represent by ------------ G
8 represent by ------------ H
9 represent by ------------ I

It implies 46789 represent using DFGHI


Type 2 Letter to number conversion using common letters representation in given guiding words

Example 2 If in certain code language ASSESSMENT is coded as 1223224356 and INFORMATION is


coded as 75890416795 then how you will code SESSION?

Solution

2 3 2 2 7 9 5

A S S E S S M E N T I N F O R M A T I O N

S E S S I O N

2 3 2 2 7 9 5

Type 3 Letter to Number code conversion by applying operation (Addition, Subtraction


Multiplication and Reversing the Position etc.) on the position of alphabets (referred by
English alphabets)

Example 3 If L is coded as 21, LION is coded as 21905141, and then code for TIGER?

Solution

Using the position of English alphabet

Position of L from LHS is 12 which are then written in reverse order.

It implies L is 21

Position of L, I, O and N from left hand side is 12, 09, 15 and 14 respectively which is then
written in reverse order.

L is 21, I is 90, O is 51, N is 41

It implies

LION is 21 90 51 41

Using same logic

We can assign the code to “T I G E R” as “02 90 70 50 81”

Since T is 20, I is 09, G is 07, E is 05,


R is 18 (from LHS)
Example 4 If LION is coded as 5 and TIGER is coded as 14 then code for JUNGLEE is

Solution

Using the position of English alphabet from LHS

L I O N

12 + 9 + 15 + 14 = 50 = 5 + 0= 5

T I G E R

20 + 9 + 7 + 5 + 18 = 59 = 5 + 9= 14

Using same logic

J U N G L E E

10 + 21 + 14 + 7 + 12 + 5 + 5 = 74 = 7+4= 11

Example 5 If TRY is coded as 18 and AGAIN is coded as 23 then code for SUCCESS is

Solution

Using the position of English alphabet from LHS

T R Y

20 18 25 = (2+0) + (1 + 8) + (2+5) = 18

A G A I N

01 07 01 09 14 = (0+1) + (0+7) + (0+1) + (0+9) + (1+4) = 23

Using same logic

S U C C E S S

19 21 03 03 05 19 19

= (1+9) + (2+1) + (0+3) + (0+3) + (0+5) + (1+9) + (1+9)

= 44
Type 4 Letter to Letter Code Conversion using position of English Alphabet

Example 6 If in certain language OUTCOME is coded as PWUEPOF, RESULT is coded as


SGTWMU then explain coding rule how ASSESSMENT is coded as

Solution

O U T C O M E

+1 +2 +1 +2 +1 +2 +1

P W U E P O F

R E S U L T

+1 +2 +1 +2 +1 +2

S G T W M V

Using same logic

“Every letter in given word is replaced next and second next position alternatively with reference to English
Alphabet”.

A S S E S S M E N T

+1 +2 +1 +2 +1 +2 +1 +2 +1 +2

B U T G T U N G O V
Example 7 If in certain language TIME is coded as KVGO, RANGER coded as PCTTGI then
explains the coding rule how ROBERT is coded as

Solution

T I M E R A N G E R

+2 +2 +2 +2 +2 +2 +2 +2 +2 +2

K V G O P C T T G I

Rule 1 Split word into two equal parts.


R O B E R T
Rule 2 write those two parts in reverse order
+2 +2 +2 +2 +2 +2
and replace every alphabet by alphabet at
second next position in forward direction with
reference to English Alphabet.
D Q T V T G

Example 8 If in certain language ROUTINE is coded as ILHGRMV, TIME is coded as GRNV then
explains the coding rule how FAILURE is coded as

Solution

R O U T I N E T I M E

18 15 21 20 9 14 5 20 9 13 5

27 27 27 27 27 27 27 27 27 27 27

9 12 6 7 18 13 22 7 18 14 22

I L F G R M V G R N V

Using same logic,

Every letter in given word is replaced by the letter with same position from right hand side as referred by that
letter from left hand side

F A I L U R E

6 1 9 12 21 18 5

27 27 27 27 27 27 27

21 26 18 15 6 9 22

U Z R O F I V
Type 5 Comparison of phrases in multiple sentences to decode Chinese language

Example 9

If in certain coding language

“Failure are pillar of success” is written as “la che ne pa da”

“Key for success” is written as “che do ga”

“Experience and Success are two face of coin” is written “da che pe ko rat lo to ne”

Then find the code for “FAILURE”

Solution

Compare 1 and 2 statement implies

Success che

Compare 1 and 3 statement implies

are / of da / ne

It finally implies that “Failure” may be “la or pa”

Type 6 Substitution Method for well-known General Facts

Example 10 If in certain coding language

BAT is represent by MOSQUITO

MOSQUITO is represent by RAT

RAT is represent by DOG

DOG is represent by CAT

a) What is the main cause of spreading CORONA virus?

Solution

CORONA virus is caused by “BAT” which is represented using “MOSQUITO” in given language.

It implies CORONA virus is caused by MOSQUITO in coded language.

b) What is the main cause of the well-known disease malaria?

Solution

In general MALARIA is caused due to bite of “MOSQUITO” which is represented using “RAT” in

this language. It implies “MALARIYA” is caused by RAT in coded language

Common questions

Powered by AI

Phrase relationships are decoded by mapping individual word components to respective substitutes leveraged by analyzing given coded sentences. Through examination, known parts of related phrases overlap, enabling identification of unique elements by process of elimination and cross-referencing known patterns ('failure' and other associated terms). These relationships depend heavily on pinpointing direct matches in existing encoded connections to systematically decode 'failure' within a broader coded narrative .

The code for 'LION' is derived using a reverse positional number assignment for each alphabet letter, starting from the left-hand side's numerical position and reversing it (i.e., LHS counting is reversed). For 'LION', this means L=12 becomes 21, I=09 becomes 90, O=15 becomes 51, N=14 becomes 41. The numbers are reversed to reflect an inverse relationship between the character and its position in the sequence .

Systematic coding of 'TIGER' to '0290705081' involves direct assignment of numeric values based on the positions of each letter in the alphabet, reversed as per a specific rule. Such coding requires knowledge of the reverse alphabetic values (LHS to RHS). The positions for T, I, G, E, R are numerically represented as T=20=02, I=09=90, G=07=70, E=05=50, R=18=81. This reversal of individual numeric positions reflects an inversion strategy where LHS and RHS positions are used symmetrically .

Avoiding pre-defined coding rules allows for greater flexibility and security, making it harder for unauthorized individuals to decode messages without prior knowledge of the specific rule set applied. This enhances the uniqueness of every coded message and reduces vulnerability to pattern recognition or decryption attempts based solely on known coding conventions. Custom coding strategies, tailored to specific communication needs and the context of message usage, make it difficult to gain unintended insights unless the exact logic is known .

Character substitution in this coding system involves replacing each letter alternately with a letter one position and two positions ahead in the English alphabet. For 'OUTCOME', each letter O, U, T, C, O, M, E is replaced respectively with P, W, U, E, P, O, F by moving to the next or second next letter in sequence. This creates a cyclical pattern where the coding reflects alternating incremental steps throughout the sequence .

The position of letters in the English alphabet is used by assigning each letter a numerical value according to its position (A=1, B=2, ..., Z=26 for LHS counting). This helps in creating various coding schemes by either using these positions directly or manipulating them (e.g., reversing the position, LHS = 27 - RHS, etc.). This positional approach underlies several coding methods, which include substitutions based on fixed rules driven by these numerical values .

The coding transformation employs consistent rule-based substitutions where entire phrases or words are coded using fixed word substitutions based on observed overlaps among different sentences. In the document, 'Failure are pillars of success' is coded by comparing it to other known coded phrases, like 'Key for success' and 'Experience and Success are two face of coin'. Through these analyses, commonalities are identified, such as 'success' being consistently represented by 'che', allowing for logical deduction of other components ('Failure' as 'la' or 'pa') based on remaining unmatched terms .

In this coded language, words are represented by seemingly unrelated entities, such as 'MOSQUITO' being used to denote 'BAT'. These representational relationships do not follow a logical pattern based on the intrinsic qualities of the words but are defined by the coding rules themselves. For example, 'CORONA virus' being attributed to 'BAT', coded as 'MOSQUITO', showcases how entities are linked via arbitrary code allocation rather than intrinsic or thematic relationship .

The coding of 'ASSESSMENT' as '1223224356' involves mapping each letter to a corresponding number, likely based on a predefined rule or key. Each distinct letter in the word 'ASSESSMENT' (A, S, E, M, N, T) is assigned a specific number, consistently applied every time the letter appears in the word. Without additional specific rule descriptions from the source, the exact mechanism for translating each letter to a number in this case remains part of the coding system's design .

The logical pattern involves converting each letter of the word 'FAILURE' to another letter using their positions from both the left and right sides of the English alphabet. Each letter in 'FAILURE' is replaced by a letter at the same position from the right side relative to its left-side position. This type of coding transposes positions symmetrically (e.g., F = 6 becomes U), lining up with letter positions inversely (F to U, A to Z, etc.).

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