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Operators in Java
Operator in Java is a symbol that is used to perform operations. For example: +, -, *, / etc.

There are many types of operators in Java which are given below:

Unary Operator,

Arithmetic Operator,

Shift Operator,

Relational Operator,

Bitwise Operator,

Logical Operator,

Ternary Operator and

Assignment Operator.

Java Operator Precedence

Operator Type Category Precedence

Unary postfix expr++ expr--

prefix ++expr --expr +expr -expr ~ !

Arithmetic multiplicative * / %

additive + -

Shift shift << >> >>>

Relational comparison < > <= >= instanceof

equality == !=

Bitwise bitwise AND &

bitwise exclusive OR ^

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bitwise inclusive OR |

Logical logical AND &&

logical OR ||

Ternary ternary ? :

Assignment assignment = += -= *= /= %= &= ^= |= <<= >>= >>>=

Java Unary Operator

The Java unary operators require only one operand. Unary operators are used to perform various
operations i.e.:

incrementing/decrementing a value by one

negating an expression

inverting the value of a boolean

Java Unary Operator Example: ++ and --

public class OperatorExample{  
public static void main(String args[]){  
int x=10;  
System.out.println(x++);//10 (11)  

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System.out.println(++x);//12  
System.out.println(x--);//12 (11)  
System.out.println(--x);//10  
}}  

Output:

10

12

12

10

Java Unary Operator Example 2: ++ and --

public class OperatorExample{  
public static void main(String args[]){  
int a=10;  
int b=10;  
System.out.println(a++ + ++a);//10+12=22  
System.out.println(b++ + b++);//10+11=21  
  
}}  

Output:

22

21

Java Unary Operator Example: ~ and !

public class OperatorExample{  
public static void main(String args[]){  
int a=10;  
int b=-10;  

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boolean c=true;  
boolean d=false;  
System.out.println(~a);//-11 (minus of total positive value which starts from 0)  
System.out.println(~b);//9 (positive of total minus, positive starts from 0)  
System.out.println(!c);//false (opposite of boolean value)  
System.out.println(!d);//true  
}}  

Output:

-11

false

true

Java Arithmetic Operators

Java arithmetic operators are used to perform addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division.
They act as basic mathematical operations.

Java Arithmetic Operator Example

public class OperatorExample{  
public static void main(String args[]){  
int a=10;  
int b=5;  
System.out.println(a+b);//15  
System.out.println(a-b);//5  
System.out.println(a*b);//50  
System.out.println(a/b);//2  
System.out.println(a%b);//0  
}}  

Output:

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15

50

Java Arithmetic Operator Example: Expression

public class OperatorExample{  
public static void main(String args[]){  
System.out.println(10*10/5+3-1*4/2);  
}}  

Output:

21

Java Left Shift Operator

The Java left shift operator << is used to shift all of the bits in a value to the left side of a specified
number of times.

Java Left Shift Operator Example

public class OperatorExample{  
public static void main(String args[]){  
System.out.println(10<<2);//10*2^2=10*4=40  
System.out.println(10<<3);//10*2^3=10*8=80  
System.out.println(20<<2);//20*2^2=20*4=80  
System.out.println(15<<4);//15*2^4=15*16=240  
}}  

Output:

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40

80

80

240

Java Right Shift Operator

The Java right shift operator >> is used to move the value of the left operand to right by the
number of bits specified by the right operand.

Java Right Shift Operator Example

public OperatorExample{  
public static void main(String args[]){  
System.out.println(10>>2);//10/2^2=10/4=2  
System.out.println(20>>2);//20/2^2=20/4=5  
System.out.println(20>>3);//20/2^3=20/8=2  
}}  

Output:

Java Shift Operator Example: >> vs >>>

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public class OperatorExample{  
public static void main(String args[]){  
    //For positive number, >> and >>> works same  
    System.out.println(20>>2);  
    System.out.println(20>>>2);  
    //For negative number, >>> changes parity bit (MSB) to 0  
    System.out.println(-20>>2);  
    System.out.println(-20>>>2);  
}}  

Output:

-5

1073741819

Java AND Operator Example: Logical && and Bitwise &

The logical && operator doesn't check the second condition if the first condition is false. It checks
the second condition only if the first one is true.

The bitwise & operator always checks both conditions whether first condition is true or false.

public class OperatorExample{  
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public static void main(String args[]){  
int a=10;  
int b=5;  
int c=20;  
System.out.println(a<b&&a<c);//false && true = false  
System.out.println(a<b&a<c);//false & true = false  
}}  

Output:

false

false

Java AND Operator Example: Logical && vs Bitwise &

public class OperatorExample{  
public static void main(String args[]){  
int a=10;  
int b=5;  
int c=20;  
System.out.println(a<b&&a++<c);//false && true = false  
System.out.println(a);//10 because second condition is not checked  
System.out.println(a<b&a++<c);//false && true = false  
System.out.println(a);//11 because second condition is checked  
}}  

Output:

false

10

false

11

Java OR Operator Example: Logical || and Bitwise |

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The logical || operator doesn't check the second condition if the first condition is true. It checks the
second condition only if the first one is false.

The bitwise | operator always checks both conditions whether first condition is true or false.

public class OperatorExample{  
public static void main(String args[]){  
int a=10;  
int b=5;  
int c=20;  
System.out.println(a>b||a<c);//true || true = true  
System.out.println(a>b|a<c);//true | true = true  
//|| vs |  
System.out.println(a>b||a++<c);//true || true = true  
System.out.println(a);//10 because second condition is not checked  
System.out.println(a>b|a++<c);//true | true = true  
System.out.println(a);//11 because second condition is checked  
}}  

Output:

true

true

true

10

true

11

Java Ternary Operator

Java Ternary operator is used as one line replacement for if-then-else statement and used a lot in
Java programming. It is the only conditional operator which takes three operands.

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Java Ternary Operator Example

public class OperatorExample{  
public static void main(String args[]){  
int a=2;  
int b=5;  
int min=(a<b)?a:b;  
System.out.println(min);  
}}  

Output:

Another Example:

public class OperatorExample{  
public static void main(String args[]){  
int a=10;  
int b=5;  
int min=(a<b)?a:b;  
System.out.println(min);  
}}  

Output:

Java Assignment Operator

Java assignment operator is one of the most common operators. It is used to assign the value on its
right to the operand on its left.

Java Assignment Operator Example

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public class OperatorExample{  
public static void main(String args[]){  
int a=10;  
int b=20;  
a+=4;//a=a+4 (a=10+4)  
b-=4;//b=b-4 (b=20-4)  
System.out.println(a);  
System.out.println(b);  
}}  

Output:

14

16

Java Assignment Operator Example

public class OperatorExample{  
public static void main(String[] args){  
int a=10;  
a+=3;//10+3  
System.out.println(a);  
a-=4;//13-4  
System.out.println(a);  
a*=2;//9*2  
System.out.println(a);  
a/=2;//18/2  
System.out.println(a);  
}}  

Output:

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13

18

Java Assignment Operator Example: Adding short

public class OperatorExample{  
public static void main(String args[]){  
short a=10;  
short b=10;  
//a+=b;//a=a+b internally so fine  
a=a+b;//Compile time error because 10+10=20 now int  
System.out.println(a);  
}}  

Output:

Compile time error

After type cast:

public class OperatorExample{  
public static void main(String args[]){  
short a=10;  
short b=10;  
a=(short)(a+b);//20 which is int now converted to short  
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System.out.println(a);  
}}  

Output:

20

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Operator Shifting in Java

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