JAWAHAR NAVODAYA VIDYALAYA
MYSURU 2021-22
CHEMISTRY INVESTIGATORY project
ANALYSIS OF HONEY
GUIDED BY SUBMITTED BY
JISLINE JOHN MAM MR SUHAS GOWDA
PGT CHEMISTRY 12TH CLASS
CERTIFICATE
This to certify that MR SUHAS GOWDA of chass 12th has successfully comleted
the project on chemistry , tittled as “ ANALYSIS OF HONEY “ , for class
12th practical examination of the central board of secondary education in the
year : 2022 -2023 . it is further certified that this project is the individual
work of the candidate .
PRINCIPAL SUBJECT TEACHER
MADHUSOODANAN.J. JISLINE JOHN MAM
EXTERNAL EXAMINER
DECLARATION
I hereby declare that the project work entitled “ ANALYSIS OF HONEY
“ submitted to ‘ JAWAHAR NAVODAYA VIDYALAYA ‘ , is a record of original
work done by me except of the experiments , which are duly acknowledged .
Under the guidance of my subject teacher Mrs. JISLINE JOHN MAM .
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I would like to express my special thanks to our school ‘ JAWAHAR NAVODAYA
VIDYALAYA ’ principal Mr . MADHUSOODANAN J , to the management team
of our school who gave me this golden opportunity to do this wonderful project
on the topic “ANALYSIS OF HONEY” . Which also helped me in doing a lot
of research and I came to know about so many new things .
Secondly I would also like to thank my parents and friends who helped me a lot
in finishing this project within the limited time .
AIM :
TO ANALYZE THE AVAILABLE HONEY FOR
PRESENCE OF DIFFERENT MINERALS AND
CARBOHYDRATES.
REQUIREMENTS
APPARATUS
TEST TUBE
TEST TUBE STAND
BURNER
WATER BATH
Chemicals
FEHLING SOLUTION A
FEHLING SOLUTION B
AMMONIUM CHLORIDE SOLUTION
AMMONIUM OXALATE SOLUTION
AMMONIUM PHOSPHATE
CONC.NITRIC ACID
POTASSIUM SULPHOCYANIDE SOLUTION
THEORY
Honey, thick, sweet, super saturated sugar solution manufactured by bees to feed their larvae
and for the subsistence during winter.
Bee honey is composed of fructose, glucose and water, in varying proportions. It also contains
several enzymes and OILS. The color & flavor depends on the age of the honey and the sources
of the nectar .It colored honeys are usually of higher quality than dark coloured honeys. Other
high grade honeys are made by bees from orange blossoms, clover and Alfalfa. A well known,
poorer grade honey is produced from buckwheat.
Honey has a fuel value of about 3307 cal/kg [1520 cal/ lbs]. It readily picks up moisture from the
air and is consequently used as a moistioning agent for Tobacco and in baking. Glucose crystallizes
out of honey on standing at room temperature, leaving on uncrystallized layer of dissolved
fructose. Honey to be MARKETED is usually heated by a special process to about 66o C [150.01 F]
to dissolve the crystals and is sealed to prevent crystallization. The fructose in crystallized honey
ferments readily at about 160 C.
PROCEDURE
TEST FOR MINERALS :-
1.Test for Potassium:-
2ml of honey is taken in a test tube and picric acid solution is added. Yellow precipitate indicates the presence
of K+.
2. Test for Calcium:-
2ml of honey is taken in a test tube and NH4Cl solution and NH4OH solution are added to it. The solution is
filtered and to the filtrate 2ml of ammonium oxalate solution is added. White ppt. or milkiness indicates the
presence of Ca2+ ions.
3. Test for Magnesium:-
2 ml of honey is taken in a test tube and NH4Cl solution is added to it and then excess of Ammonium phosphate
solution is added. The side of the testtube is scratched with a glass rod. White precipitate indicates the
presence of Mg2+ ions.
4. Test for Iron:-
2ml of honey is taken in a test tube and a drop of conc. HNO3 is added and it is heated. It is cooled and 2-3
drops of Potassium sulphocyanide solution is added to it. Blood red colour shows the presence of iron.
TEST FOR CARBOHYDRATES
1. Fehling`s test:
2ml of honey is taken in a test tube and 1ml each of Fehling`s solution A and Fehling`s solution B are added to it and boiled. Red
precipitate indicates the presence of reducing sugars.
2. Tollen`stest:
2-3 ml of aqueous solution of honey is taken in a test tube. 2-3ml of Tollen`s reagent is added. The test tube is kept in a boiling
water bath for about ten minutes. A shining silver mirror indicates the presence of reducing carbohydrates.
OBSERVATION TABLE
SLNO TESTS OBSERVATION INFERENCE
1 Test for Potassium:-
Honey + Picric acid
solution
Yellow ppt. is observed. Potassium is present.
2 Test for Calcium:- Honey
+ NH4Cl soln. + NH4OH
soln. filtered +
White ppt. or milky is not observed. Calcium is absent.
(NH4)2C2O4
3 Test for Magnesium:-
Honey+ NH4OH (till
solution becomes alkaline)
White ppt. is not observed. Magnesium is absent.
+ (NH4)3Po4
4 Test for Iron:- Honey+
conc.HNO3, heated and
cooled, + potassium
Blood red colour is observed. Iron is present.
sulphocyanide
5 Fehling`s test:- Honey +
1ml each of Fehling`s
solution A and Fehling`s
Red ppt. is observed. Reducing sugar is present .
solution B
6 Tollen’s test:- Honey +
Shining silver mirror is observed. Reducing carbohydrate is present.
2-3ml Tollen`s reagent,
test tube in water bath
for 10 minutes
RESULT
Potassium is present.
Iron is present.
Calcium is absent.
Magnesium is absent.
Honey contains reducing sugar
BIBLIOGRAHY
www.projects.icbse.com\chemistry
www.projectsyapa.com\chemistry
Comprehensive Practical Chemistry
Google Images
Chemistry teacher
Old projects
