DATE : 04-07-2021

Evaluation of Liquefaction - IS 1893 (Part-1) :2016

Bore log Data

A1 - Layer I may be ignored (up to 5.95 m) due to existence clayey soil & as per IS code sandy soil is
liquefiable.
A2 - Layer I may be ignored (up to 4 m) due to existence clayey soil & as per IS code sandy soil is
liquefiable.
 DATE : 04-07-2021

Summary Table for BH Location – A1:

Effective
Av. Field Total OVP
OVP CN CHT CHW CBD CSS CRL N60
Depth N (t/sqm) (t/sqm)
1.73 3 0 to 2.5 m -clay layer.
3.18 7 5.999 2.824 1.7 0.75 0.98 1.05 1.1 0.8 4.77
4.73 8 3.5 to 5.95 m -clay layer.
6.18 10 11.733 5.558 1.364 0.75 1.000 1.05 1.1 0.95 8.229
7.73 10 14.628 6.903 1.2 0.75 0.98 1.05 1.1 0.95 8.1
9.23 36 17.478 8.253 1.1 0.75 0.98 1.05 1.2 0.95 31.81
12.23 22 23.178 10.953 0.96 0.75 0.98 1.05 1.1 1 18.76
15.23 18 28.878 13.653 0.86 0.75 0.98 1.05 1.1 1 15.35
16.3 30 30.92 14.62 0.83 0.75 0.98 1.05 1.2 1 28.07
18.23 52 34.578 16.353 0.78 0.75 0.98 1.05 1.2 1 48.37

Av.
(N1)60 FC a b (N1)60CS
Depth
1.73 0 to 2.5 m -clay layer.
3.18 8.1 8 0.3 1.01 8.5
4.73 3.5 to 5.95 m -clay layer.
6.18 11.221 7 0.120 1.009 11.437
7.73 9.7 7 0.12 1.01 10
9.23 35 7 0.12 1.01 35.4
12.23 17.9 2 0 1 17.9
15.23 13.1 3 0 1 13.1
16.3 23.2 3 0 1 23.2
18.23 37.8 3 0 1 37.8

Av.
rd CSR CRR7.5 CRR f Ks FOS
Depth
1.73 0 to 2.5 m -clay layer.
3.18 0.98 0.32 0.1 0.12 0.88 1 0.37
4.73 3.5 to 5.95 m -clay layer.
6.18 0.953 0.314 0.126 0.150 0.75 1.000 0.479
7.73 0.94 0.31 0.11 0.13 0.83 1 0.432
9.23 Non Liquefiable
12.23 0.85 0.28 0.19 0.23 0.74 1 0.814
15.23 0.77 0.25 0.14 0.16 0.77 0.94 0.626
16.3 0.74 0.24 0.26 0.28 0.67 0.89 1.138
18.23 Non Liquefiable
 DATE : 04-07-2021

Summary Table for BH Location – A2:

Effective
Avg Field Total OVP
OVP CN CHT CHW CBD CSS CRL N60
Depth N (t/sqm) (t/sqm)
1.73 6
0 to 4 m -clay layer.
3.18 6
4.73 9 8.978 4.253 1.53 0.75 0.98 1.05 1.1 0.85 6.52
6.23 11 11.828 5.603 1.34 0.75 0.98 1.05 1.1 0.95 8.91
7.73 13 14.678 6.953 1.2 0.75 0.98 1.05 1.1 0.95 10.53
8.6 21 16.34 7.74 1.14 0.75 0.98 1.05 1.1 0.95 16.67
9.23 26 17.528 8.303 1.1 0.75 0.98 1.05 1.1 0.95 21.06
12.23 41 23.228 11.003 0.95 0.75 0.98 1.05 1.2 1 38.13

Avg
(N1)60 FC a b (N1)60CS
Depth
1.73
0 to 4 m -clay layer.
3.18
4.73 10 40 5 1.2 17
6.23 11.9 40 5 1.2 19.3
7.73 12.6 18 3.23 1.07 16.7
8.6 19 18 3.23 1.07 23.4
9.23 23.1 18 3.23 1.07 27.9
12.23 36.4 2 0 1 36.4

Avg
rd CSR CRR7.5 CRR f Ks FOS
Depth
1.73
0 to 4 m -clay layer.
3.18
4.73 0.96 0.32 0.18 0.22 0.84 1 0.68
6.23 0.95 0.31 0.21 0.25 0.82 1 0.786
7.73 0.94 0.31 0.18 0.21 0.8 1 0.684
8.6 0.93 0.31 0.26 0.31 0.75 1 1.023
9.23 0.93 0.31 0.37 0.44 0.71 1 1.426
12.23 Non Liquefiable

Depth vs. Factor of Depth vs. Factor of safety ( FOS )

safety ( FOS ): 1.2

BH - 1 1

0.8
Avg
FOS
Depth 0.6
FOS

3.18 0.37
0.478981 0.4
6.18
7.73 0.432 0.2
12.23 0.814
15.23 0.626 0
2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18
16.3 1.138
Average Depth

For BH – 1, up to depth 16.3 m - Liquefiable

 DATE : 04-07-2021

Depth vs. Factor of Depth vs. Factor of safety ( FOS )

safety ( FOS ): 1.6
1.4
BH - 1
1.2

Avg 1
FOS
Depth 0.8

FOS
4.73 0.68 0.6
6.23 0.786
0.4
7.73 0.684
1.023 0.2
8.6
9.23 1.426 0
4.5 5 5.5 6 6.5 7 7.5 8 8.5 9 9.5
Average Depth

For BH – 1, up to depth 8.6 m - Liquefiable

Sample calculation (as per Annex F, IS 1893 (Part-1) :2016) based on the data considered of
BH – A1 at depth of 6.18 m.

Water table = 0.8 m from G.L

Layer stratification = 5.95 m to 6.4 m

Av. Depth = (6.4+5.95)/2

= 6.175 m

N value at depth 6.18 m = 10

Bulk density of soil of this Layer = 1.9 t/cum

Atmospheric Pressure (Pa) = 10.332 t/sq.m

Total vertical overburden stress – σvo = 6.175*1.9

= 11.733 t/sq.m

Effective overburden stress – σ’vo = 6.175*(1.9-1)

= 5.558 t/sq.m

Evaluation of Stress reduction factor – rd

For av. depth of 6.175 m,

0 < z ≤ 9.15 m, use first formula.

rd = 1-(0.00765*6.175)
= 0.953
 DATE : 04-07-2021

Cyclic Stress Ratio – CSR

As per Table – 3 of IS 1893 (Part-1) :2016, Zone – IV

amax / g = 0.24

σvo /σ’vo = 11.733/5.558

= 2.111

CSR = 0.65*0.24*2.111*0.953
= 0.314
Cyclic Resistance Ratio – CRR

Magnitude, Mw = 7

MSF = (10^2.24)/(7^2.56)
= 1.193

Kσ = 1 up to depth < 15m

Dr = 50 %

f= 0.75

Kσ = IF(6.18<15,1,(5.558/10.332)^(0.75-1))
= 1.000

Kα = 1.000 considering routine

engineering practice

Calculation basis = SPT Calculation is done

as per Step 6(a).
 DATE : 04-07-2021

As per Table 12 of IS 1893 (Part-1) :2016,

CHT = 0.75 for Donut hammer with rope and pulley

As per Table 11 of IS 1893 (Part-1) :2016,

H= 762 mm
W= 63.5 kg

CHW = 762*63.5/48387
= 1.000

CSS = 1.1 for loose sand & standard samples used without liners

CRL = 0.95 for Rod Length – 6-10m

CBD = 1.05 for BH dia.– 150mm

 DATE : 04-07-2021

C60 = 0.75*1.000*1.1*0.95*1.05
= 0.823

N60 = 10*0.823
= 8.229

CN = (10.332/5.558)^0.5
= 1.364 ≤ 1.7
= MIN(1.364,1.7)
= 1.364

(N1)60 = 1.364*8.229
= 11.221

FC = 7 %, 5% < FC <35%

α= EXP(1.76-(190/7^2))
= 0.120

β= 0.99+((7^1.5)/1000)
= 1.009

(N1)60CS = 0.120+(1.009*11.221)
= 11.437

CRR7.5 =
(1/(34-11.437))+(11.437/135)+(50/
((10*11.437)+45)^2)-(1/200)
= 0.126

CRR = 0.126*1.193*1.000*1.000
= 0.150
 DATE : 04-07-2021

Factor of Safety

FOS = 0.150/0.314
= 0.479 <liquifiable.
1, Hence, the soil is

MAGNITUDE SCALING FACTORS: MSF

In developing the "simplified procedure" for evaluating liquefaction resistance, Seed and Idriss (1982) compiled a
sizable database from sites where liquefaction did or did not occur during earthquakes with magnitudes near 7.5.
From this database, these investigators defined a conservative deterministic bound separating data indicative of
liquefaction from data indicative of non-liquefaction. Then they scaled this bound to other earthquake magnitudes
using magnitude scaling factors (MSF).