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Static and Dynamic Resistance Testing

This document discusses static and dynamic resistance measurements for circuit breakers. It provides an overview of circuit breakers and their components. Static resistance measurement verifies low contact resistance between closed contacts. Dynamic resistance measurement allows measurement of resistance during opening, specifically through the arcing contacts. Doing dynamic resistance measurement simultaneously with travel motion testing can determine the length of arcing contacts. The document concludes with introducing Megger solutions for static and dynamic resistance testing of circuit breakers.

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Tommy Tomz
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379 views23 pages

Static and Dynamic Resistance Testing

This document discusses static and dynamic resistance measurements for circuit breakers. It provides an overview of circuit breakers and their components. Static resistance measurement verifies low contact resistance between closed contacts. Dynamic resistance measurement allows measurement of resistance during opening, specifically through the arcing contacts. Doing dynamic resistance measurement simultaneously with travel motion testing can determine the length of arcing contacts. The document concludes with introducing Megger solutions for static and dynamic resistance testing of circuit breakers.

Uploaded by

Tommy Tomz
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
  • Static Resistance: Explains the process of static resistance measurement, including necessary test conditions and equipment.
  • Introduction: Defines circuit breakers and their function in electrical circuits, as well as requirements for operation.
  • Dynamic Resistance: Covers the dynamic resistance measurement process, highlighting differences from static measurements and its benefits.
  • Megger Solutions: Showcases Megger's historical developments, notable products, and the evolution of their circuit breaker testing solutions.
  • Live Demo: Demonstrates live examples of static and dynamic resistance measurements using Megger instruments.
  • Summary: Summarizes key points on resistance testing, emphasizing best practices and conclusions.

Static and Dynamic Resistance

Measurements
Ali Husain
[Link]@[Link]

1
Q&A

Send us your questions


and comments during
the presentation

2
Agenda

 Introduction
 Static Resistance
 Dynamic Resistance
 Megger Solutions
 Live Demo

3
What is a Circuit Breaker

 A circuit breaker is an automatically operated electrical


switch designed to protect an electrical circuit from damage
caused by excess current from an overload or short circuit.

4
What Do I Need From a Circuit breaker

 To be a Perfect Conductor when closed

 To be a Perfect Insulator when opened

 To Switch between Open/close safely during


Normal/Abnormal conditions like Faults , Short circuit , etc. …

5
Types of Circuit breakers

 Low Voltage CBs  Medium/High Voltage CBs


• Below 1000V • Greater than 1000V
• Will trip on own when there • Cannot trip on own, needs
is too much current external signal to trip ,
• Timing test is performed via e.g. Protection relays
current injection at actual • Testing Done Through
current levels Circuit Breaker analyzers

6
HV Circuit Breakers

 Live Tank  Dead Tank (Body Grounded)


• Vacuum (High Voltage) • Vacuum (Medium Voltage)
• Minimum Oil • Bulk Oil
• Air Blast • SF6
• SF6 • GIS
– Circuit Breaker • Hybrid
– Circuit Switcher • Generator CBs
• Air Blast
 The majority nowdays are
SF6 breakers
7
Inside of a SF6 Circuit Breaker

 Contact System
• Main Contacts
• Arching Contacts

 Some breakers does not have


arcing contacts.
8
SF6 CB operation

Closed Main Arching Arching Opened


Contact Contact
separate separate
9
Static Resistance

 Verify low contact resistance (micro ohm).


 High current for accuracy.
 Test current (DC):
• Minimum 100 A (IEEE)
• IEC standard requires at least 50 ADC
• +10% of rated current (recommended)
 4 Wire Method measurement

Closed

10
Static Resistance Measurment(SRM)

Typical SRM Results:


Phase C
• Generator 1 – 10 mohm
Phase B
Phase A • Transmission 20-200 mohm
• Distribution 20-1000 mohm

Micro-Ohm
Meter
11
what about Arching Contacts ?

 Static Resistance Measurements to


arching contact Arching
contact

Main (30mohm)
Main
contact
Arching (1000mohm)

Total R = 30//1000 =
29.12 mohm
Arching Contact Closed
resistance Negligible
12
Dynamic Resistance Measurement
Doing Resistance Measurement during
Opening Operation

Main (30mohm) Arching


Contacts

Arching (1000mohm)

Total R = 1000 = mohm


Arching Contact
resistance Measureable

Thus The Name Dynamic Resistance During Operation


Measurements (DRM)
13
Actual Measurement of DRM

Current

Resistance

Arching
Closed contacts only Opened
Very Difficult
to Find a
easy
number
How can I
make this
Better?

14
Travel Motion Test
Measurement Linear Angular
interface Type

Types of
Transducer

15
DRM + Travel Motion Test
Resistance curve
equal to voltage drop over breaker
[500 mΩ/div]

Movement starts

speed x time = Length of arcing contact

Main contact opens, arcing


contact conducting.

Travel curve
[10mm/div]
Small increase in resistance of
the main circuit when the main
contact fingers slide
Current curve
[100 A/div]
Arcing contact opens, current drops and
resistance is infinite.
22

I can get the Length of my Arching


contacts using DRM + Travel
16
17
Megger solutions

18
Megger History in CB Testing

TM1600 - 1989 EGIL - 1995

TM16 – 1984 DRM - 1993 TM1800 - 2005


TM1700s
2010

MA61 - 1994
DCM
Vibration testing – 2006
MA31 - 1988 1996
CABA - 1991 CABA Win - 1999

19
SDRM
STATIC / DYNAMIC RESISTANCE MEASUREMENT
ACCESSORY FOR EGIL/TM1700/TM1800

• SRM (Static Resistance Measurement)


• DRM (Dynamic Resistance Measurement)
• Small and light weight connected at breaker
• High Current Up to 250 A
• Three Models :
• SDRM201 For EGIL
• SDRM201 For TM1700/1800 (one Break Per
Phase)
• SDRM202 For TM1700/1800 (two Break Per
Phase)

20
MOM2 , MOM200/600A ,
MOM690

DLRO100E/X/H ,
DLRO200/600

MJOLNER 200/600

21
Summery

 SRM is a Regular important test to Check Main contacts


 DRM Non-invasive look at arcing contacts
 Use high current for maximum resolution
 Perform travel measurement simultaneously for best results

22
Thank you

 Any Questions

 Don’t hesitate to contact me


Ali Husain
Application and Sales Engineer @Megger Middle east
[Link]@[Link]

23

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