MA111: Linear Algebra and Calculus

Faculty of Science, Technology and Environment

School of Computing, Information and Mathematical Sciences

Final Examination

Semester I, 2019

Mode: Face to face & Online

Duration of Exam: 3 hours + 10 minutes

Reading Time: 10 minutes
Writing Time: 3 hours
Total Marks: 100

INSTRUCTIONS:

1. There are 6 questions and ALL are compulsory.

2. Start each question on a new page.
3. There are six (6) pages (including this cover page) in this exam paper.
4. Show all necessary working. Partial marks will be awarded for partially
correct answers. Write legibly.
5. Only non-programmable calculators are allowed.
6. This exam is worth 60% of your overall mark. To be considered for a clear
pass in this course, you must achieve at least 40 out of 100 in this final ex-
amination.
 MA111 Final Exam Semester I, 2019

Question 1 (3 + (5 + 3 + 1) = 12 marks)
(a) Find the value(s) of the constant k such that the system of linear equations:

kx − y = 2,
x − ky = 2

has no solution.

(b) The figure shows the flow of traffic through a network of streets.

(i) Setup and solve this system for xi , i = 1, 2, . . . , 5.

(ii) Find the traffic flow when x3 = 0 and x5 = 100.
(iii) If all the directions are reversed in the figure above, discuss what hap-
pens.

Question 2 (1 + 4 + 2 + 4 + 4 + 3 + 5 = 23 marks)
(a) Consider the following system of linear equations.

x+z = 3
y+z = 0
x+y+z = 1

(i) Write the system in the form Ax = b.

(ii) Find the inverse of A using the Gauss-Jordan elimination.
(iii) Use elementary row operations to evaluate det( A).

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 MA111 Final Exam Semester I, 2019

(iv) Find the inverse of A using the determinant and the adjoint of A, i.e.,

1
A −1 = adj( A).
det( A)

Check that your answer coincides with your answer in part (ii).
(v) Find the LU-factorization of A.
(vi) Solve the system using the LU-factorization method.
(vii) Solve the system using Cramer’s Rule. Check that your answer concides
with your answer in (vi).

Question 3 (3 + (3 + 5) + 4 = 15 marks)
(a) Determine whether the points (1, 2), (3, 4) and (5, 6) are collinear.

1 − 32
 
(b) For the matrix A = 1 , find:
2 −1

(i) the eigenvalues of A;

(ii) the corresponding eigenvectors.

(c) A square matrix A is idempotent when A2 = A. Prove that if A and B are

idempotent and AB = BA, then AB is idempotent.

Question 4 ((3 + 3) + 3 + (3 + 3 + 3) = 18 marks)

(a) Evaluate the following limits:
tan θ
(i) lim
θ →0 θ

t−2
(ii) lim √
t →2 t2 +5−3

1
(b) Find the domain of f ( x ) = √ .
9 − x2

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 MA111 Final Exam Semester I, 2019

(c) Consider the piecewise function


 x + 1, if x < −2

f ( x ) = 0, if − 2 ≤ x ≤ 0.
 2

x , if x > 0

i) Find lim f ( x ) if it exists.

x →−2

ii) Show that f is continuous at x = 0.

iii) Sketch the graph of f ( x ).

Question 5 (4 + (3 + 3 + 2 + 3) = 15 marks)

(a) Use the definition of derivative to differentiate f ( x ) = πx + x2 .

(b) Consider the function f ( x ) = 3x4 − 4x3 .

(i) Find the intervals over which the function f ( x ) is increasing and the
intervals on which it is decreasing.
(ii) Find the intervals over which the function f ( x ) is concave upwards and
the intervals on which it is concave downwards.
(iii) Determine the points of inflection of f ( x ).
(iv) Sketch f ( x ) showing all intercept, turning points and points of inflec-
tion.

Question 6 (4 + (2 + 5) + (3 + 3) = 17 marks)
√
dy x3 4 8x − 12
(a) Use logarithmic differentiation to solve , if y = .
dx (1 + x 2 )2

(b) Let f ( x ) = 2x3 − 4x2 − 1.

(i) Use the Intermediate Value Theorem to show that f ( x ) has a root in the
interval [1, 3].
(ii) Starting at x0 = 2, use the Newton’s Method to approximate the real
solution of f ( x ).

(c) Evaluate the following integrals using appropriate substitutions.

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 MA111 Final Exam Semester I, 2019

Z
3
(i) x2 e x dx

x2
Z
(ii) √ dx
x3 + 3

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 MA111 Final Exam Semester I, 2019

Formulae
f ( xn )
1) xn+1 = xn − , n≥1
f 0 ( xn )
2) Differentiation Formulas:

dy
If Then y0 = dx
y = k (k is a constant) y0 = 0
y = kx (k, n are real number) y0 = nkx n−1
n

y = k f (x) y0 = k f 0 ( x )
y = f ( x ) + g( x ) y0 = f 0 ( x ) + g0 ( x )
y = f ( x ) − g( x ) y0 = f 0 ( x ) − g0 ( x )
y = u( x )v( x ) y0 = uv0 + vu0
u( x ) 0 0
y = v( x ) y0 = vu v−2uv
y = f (u( x )) y0 = f 0 (u( x ))u0 ( x )
y=e x y0 = e x
y = ln x y0 = 1x
u0 ( x )
y = ln u( x ) y0 = u( x )

3) Derivatives and Integrals of Trigonometric Function

d
Z
[sin x ] = cos x ⇐⇒ cos xdx = sin x + C
dx
d
Z
[cos x ] = − sin x ⇐⇒ sin xdx = − cos x + C
dx
d
Z
[tan x ] = sec2 x ⇐⇒ sec2 xdx = tan x + C
dx

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