SKELETON
the human skeleton consists of 206 bones bones are living tissues.
tissues are groups of similar cells working together to perform a particular function.
some of your bones contain bone marrow that produces your red and white blood cells.
calcium is an essential mineral to ensure your bones are strong and healthy.
Skeleton has four main functions.
first of all for support if we didn’t have a skeleton we would just be a BLOB of cells and tissues and
organs all over the floor.
we need a skeleton to be able to support our upright posture for protection.
the skeleton protects our major organs for example: the rib cage protects our lungs and our heart for
making blood cells.
some bones have bone marrow which produce red and white blood cells.
for movement the point at which two bones meet is called a joint.
What are bones?
Although bone in a museum are old and dry, the bones in your body are different.
Bone is a living tissue with a blood supply
It is growing and changing all the time. Just like other parts of your body, it can repair itself when
damaged.
Calcium and other minerals make the bones strong but slightly flexible.
Exercise and a balanced diet are important to keep your bones healthy.
What is a skeleton?
Together all the bones in your body make up your skeleton.
They are joined together to form a framework.
The average adult human skeleton consists of 206 bones
Why do we have a skeleton?
The skeleton has four main functions:
1. support the body
2. protect vital organs
3. help the body move
4. make blood cells
Support
The skeleton provides support for your body and holds your internal organs in place.
Without bones the body would be floppy, like a jellyfish.
The bones create a framework for your muscles and organs to connect to.
Your vertebral column (backbone) holds the body upright.
Protect
Bones are hard and strong so they can protect vital organs from being damaged. For example:
Your skull protects your brain.
Your ribcage protects your heart and lungs.
Your backbone protects your spinal cord.
Move
Muscles are attached to bones.
If a muscle pulls on a bone, it will cause the bone to move.
The skeleton moves at joints, such as your knee.
The movement of bones about joints allows the body to move.
Making blood cells
Some bones inside your body, such as the long ones in your arms and legs, are not solid.
In the middle of these bones is a soft tissue called bone marrow.
The bone marrow produces red and white blood cells.
Red blood cells are needed to carry oxygen around the body, and white blood cells are used to protect
against infection.
SKELETAL SYSTEM
The skeletal system has many functions.
It supports your body and gives it shape.
It protects your internal organs, such as your lungs and brain!
It stores calcium and other minerals.
The skeletal and muscular systems work together to create movement.
Cartilage
The skeleton is made of hard bones and a flexible hard tissue called cartilage
Cartilage is a smooth, firm, and flexible tissue that is found on the ends of bones.
Cartilage cushions and reduces friction between bones in your joints.
NOTICE THAT SKELETONS DON'T HAVE EARS OR NOSES.
Though BONES seem just like hard sticks in your body.
They are actually complex organs made of different kinds of tissue.
A hard outer membrane called the PERIOSTEUM covers the outside of the bone.
The periosteum has blood vessels and nerve endings that can signal pain.
COMPACT BONE is beneath the periosteum.
Calcium and phosphorous minerals. which are deposited and stored in the compact bone, harden the
bones.
SPONGY BONE is found beneath the compact bone in long bones, such as your thighbone or arm
bone.
Spongy bone is sort of like a hard sponge; it has tons of little air pockets, which make the bone lighter.
BONE MARROW fills bone cavities and the spaces in spongy bone. Bone
marrow is either yellow or red.
The yellow marrow is made of fat, while the red marrow is made of a material that produces blood cells
