STMicroelectronics

STMicroelectronics N.V. commonly referred as ST or

STMicro is a Dutch multinational corporation and
STMicroelectronics N.V.
technology company of French-Italian origin
headquartered in Plan-les-Ouates near Geneva,
Switzerland and listed on the French stock market. ST is
the largest European semiconductor contract
manufacturing and design company. The company
resulted from the merger of two government-owned
semiconductor companies in 1987: Thomson
Semiconducteurs of France and SGS Microelettronica of
Italy.

Contents
History
Shareholders
Manufacturing facilities
Grenoble, France Headquarter in Plan-les-Ouates, Switzerland
Rousset, France Type Naamloze vennootschap
Tours, France Traded as Euronext Paris: STM (http
Milan, Italy s://euronext.com/products/e
Catania, Italy quities/NL0000226223-XPA
Caserta, Italy R)

Kirkop, Malta CAC 40 Component

Singapore ISIN NL0000226223

Tunis, Tunisia Industry Semiconductors
Bouskoura, Morocco Founded 1987
Other sites Headquarters Plan-les-Ouates, Geneva,
Administrative headquarters Switzerland
Regional headquarters Key people Jean-Marc Chery
Assembly plants (President and CEO)
Design centers Nicolas Dufourcq
(Chairman)
Closing sites
Closed sites Products Integrated circuits for
Future locations specific applications,
memory (including
See also EEPROM), microcontrollers,
References microprocessors,transistors,
smartcards
External links
Revenue €12.8 billion (2021)[1]
€2.4 billion (2021)[1]
 Operating
History income
Net income €2.0 billion (2021)[1]
ST was formed in 1987 by the merger of two
government-owned semiconductor companies: Italian Total assets €15.5 billion (2021)[1]
SGS Microelettronica (where SGS stands for Società Total equity €9.2 billion (2021)[1]
Generale Semiconduttori, "Semiconductors' General
Company"), and French Thomson Semiconducteurs, the Number of 48,254 (2021)[1]
employees
semiconductor arm of Thomson.
Website www.st.com (https://www.st.
SGS Microelettronica originated in 1972 from a previous com/)
merger of two companies:

ATES (Aquila Tubi e Semiconduttori), a vacuum tube

and semiconductor maker headquartered in L'Aquila, the
regional capital of the region of Abruzzo in Southern
Italy, which in 1961 changed its name to Azienda
Tecnica ed Elettronica del Sud and relocated its
manufacturing plant in the Industrial Zone of Catania, in
Sicily;
Società Generale Semiconduttori (founded in 1957 by
Jewish-Italian engineer, politician, and industrialist STM32 microcontroller made by
Adriano Olivetti). STMicroelectronics

Thomson Semiconducteurs was created in 1982 by the French

government's widespread nationalization of industries following the election of socialist François Mitterand
to the presidency. It included:

the semiconductor activities of the French electronics company Thomson;

in 1985 it bought Mostek, a US company founded in 1969 as a spin-off of Texas Instruments,
from United Technologies;
Silec, founded in 1977;
Eurotechnique, founded in 1979 in Rousset, Bouches-du-Rhône as a joint-venture between
Saint-Gobain of France and US-based National Semiconductor;
EFCIS, founded in 1977;
SESCOSEM, founded in 1969.

At the time of the merger of these two companies in 1987, the new corporation was named SGS-
THOMSON but took its current name of STMicroelectronics in May 1998 following Thomson’s sale of its
shares. After its creation ST was ranked 14th among the top 20 semiconductor suppliers with sales of
around US$850 million. The company has participated in the consolidation of the semiconductor industry
since its formation, with acquisitions including:

In 1989, British company Inmos known for its transputer microprocessors from parent Thorn
EMI;
In 1994, Canada-based Nortel's semiconductor activities;
In 1999, UK, Edinburgh based VLSI-Vision CMOS Image Sensor research & development
company, a spin-out of Edinburgh University. Incorporated in 1st January 2000, the company
became STMicroelectronics Imaging Division, currently part of the Analog MEMS and
Sensors business group;
In 2000, WaferScale Integration Inc. (WSI, Fremont, California), a vendor of EPROM and
flash memory-based programmable system-chips;[2]
 In 2002, Alcatel's Microelectronics division, which along with the incorporation of smaller
ventures such as UK company, Synad Ltd, helped the company expand into the Wireless-
LAN market;
In 2007, US-based Genesis Microchip.[3] Genesis Microchip is known for their strength in
video processing technology (Faroudja) and has design centres located in Santa Clara,
California, Toronto, Taipei City and Bangalore.

On December 8, 1994, the company completed its initial public

offering on the Paris and New York stock exchanges. Owner
Thomson SA sold its stake in the company in 1998 when the
company also listed on the Italian Bourse in Milan. In 2002,
Motorola and TSMC joined ST and Philips in a new technology
partnership. The Crolles 2 Alliance was created with a new 12"
wafer manufacturing facility located in Crolles, France. By 2005,
ST was ranked fifth, behind Intel, Samsung, Texas Instruments and
4 Field-Programmable Microcontroller
Toshiba, but ahead of Infineon, Renesas, NEC, NXP Peripheral from Wafer Scale
Semiconductors, and Freescale. The company was the largest Integration PSD311
European semiconductors supplier, ahead of Infineon and NXP.

Early in 2007, NXP Semiconductors (formerly Philips

Semiconductors) and Freescale (formerly Motorola Semiconductors) decided to stop their participation in
Crolles 2 Alliance. Under the terms of the agreement the Alliance came to an end on December 31,
2007.[4] On May 22, 2007, ST and Intel created a joint venture in the memory application called
Numonyx: this new company merged ST and Intel Flash Memory activities. Semiconductor market
consolidation continued with ST and NXP announcing on April 10, 2008, the creation of a new joint
venture of their mobile activities, with ST owning 80% of the new company and NXP 20%. This joint
venture began on August 20, 2008. On February 10, 2009, ST Ericsson, a joint venture bringing together
ST-NXP Wireless and Ericsson Mobile Platforms, was established.[5]

ST Ericsson was a multinational manufacturer of wireless products and semiconductors, supplying to

mobile device manufacturers.[6] ST-Ericsson was a 50/50 joint venture of STMicroelectronics and Ericsson
established on February 3, 2009, and dissolved on August 2, 2013.

Headquartered in Geneva, Switzerland, it was a fabless company, outsourcing semiconductor

manufacturing to foundry companies. In 2011, ST announced the creation of a joint lab with Sant'Anna
School of Advanced Studies. The lab will focus on research and innovation in bio-robotics, smart systems
and microelectronics.[7] Past collaborations with Sant'Anna School of Advanced Studies included DustBot,
a platform that integrated self-navigating "service robots" for waste collection.[7]

Shareholders
As of December 31, 2014, the shareholders were:[8]

68.4% public (New York Stock Exchange, Euronext Paris, Borsa Italiana Milano);
4.1% treasury shares;
27.6% STMicroelectronics Holding B.V.:
50% FT1CI (Bpifrance 79.2% and French Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy
Commission (CEA) 20.8%; previously Areva and CEA );
50% Ministry of Economy and Finance of Italy (Finmeccanica until 2004, Cassa Depositi
e Prestiti until 2010, both between 2004-2009) .
Manufacturing facilities
Unlike fabless semiconductor companies, STMicroelectronics owns and operates its own semiconductor
wafer fabs. The company owned five 8 inch (200 mm) wafer fabs and one 12 inch (300 mm) wafer fab in
2006. Most of the production is scaled at 0.18 µm, 0.13 µm, 90 nm and 65 nm (measurements of transistor
gate length). STMicroelectronics also owns back-end plants, where silicon dies are assembled and bonded
into plastic or ceramic packages.[9]

Major sites include:

Grenoble, France

Grenoble is one of the company's most important R&D centres, employing around 4,000 staff. The
Polygone site employs 2,200 staff and is one of the historical bases of the company (ex SGS). All the
historical wafer fab lines are now closed but the site hosts the headquarters of many divisions (marketing,
design, industrialization) and an important R&D center, focused on silicon and software design and fab
process development.

The Crolles site hosts a 200 mm (8 in) and a 300 mm (12 in) fab and was originally built as a common
R&D center for submicrometre technologies as part of the 1990 Grenoble 92 partnership between SGS-
Thomson and CNET, the R&D center of French telecom company France Telecom. The 200 mm (8 in)
fab, known as Crolles 1, is the company's first and was built as part of a 1991 partnership between SGS-
Thomson and Philips to develop new manufacturing technologies. Crolles 1 was opened on September 9,
1993 by Gérard Longuet, French minister for industry, and Alain Carignon, mayor of Grenoble.

The 300  mm (12  in) fab was inaugurated by French president Jacques Chirac, on February 27, 2003. It
includes a R&D center which focuses on developing new nanometric technology processes for 90 nm to
32 nm scale using 300 mm (12 in) wafers and it was developed for The Crolles 2 Alliance. This alliance of
STMicroelectronics, TSMC, NXP Semiconductors (formerly Philips semiconductor) and Freescale
(formerly Motorola semiconductor) partnered in 2002 to develop the facility and to work together on
process development. The technologies developed at the facility were also used by global semiconductor
foundry TSMC of Taiwan, allowing TSMC to build the products developed in Crolles on behalf of the
Alliance partners who required such foundry capacity.
A new fab is under construction since 2015.

Rousset, France

Employing around 3,000 staff, Rousset hosts several division headquarters including smartcards,
microcontrollers, and EEPROM as well as several R&D centers. Rousset also hosts an 8-inch (200 mm)
fab, which was opened on May 15, 2000 by French prime minister Lionel Jospin.

The site opened in 1979 as a 100  mm (3.9  in) fab operated by Eurotechnique, a joint venture between
Saint-Gobain of France and National Semiconductor of the US. Rousset was sold to Thomson-CSF in
1982 as part of the French government's 1981–82 nationalization of several industries. As part of the
nationalisation, a former Thomson plant in the center of Aix-en-Provence operating since the 1960s was
closed and staff were transferred to the new Rousset site. The original 100 mm (4 in) fab was upgraded into
130 mm (5 in) and later 150 mm (6 in) fab in 1996. It is now being shut down.

In 1988, a small group of employees from the Thomson Rousset plant (including the director, Marc Lassus)
founded a start-up company, Gemalto (formerly known as Gemplus), which became a leader in the
smartcard industry.
Tours, France

Employing 1,500 staff, this site hosts a fab and R&D centers.

Milan, Italy

Employing 6,000 staff, the Milan facilities match Grenoble in importance. Agrate Brianza employs around
4,000 staff and is a historical base of the company (ex SGS). The site has several fab lines (including an
300 mm (12 in) fab) and an R&D center. Castelletto, employs 300 to 400 staff and hosts some divisions
and R&D centers.

Update-2012:
Numonyx JV (with Intel) is acquired by Micron.
As such, R2 Fab (Agrate previous R&D
200mm Fab) is currently a Micron entity

Catania, Italy

The Catania plant in Sicily employs 5,000 staff and hosts several R&D centers and divisions, focusing on
flash memory technologies as well as two fabs. The plant was launched in 1961 by ATES to supply under
licensing to RCA of the US and initially using germanium. The site's two major wafer fabs are a 200 mm
(8 in) fab, opened in April 1997 by then-Italian Prime Minister Romano Prodi, and a 300 mm (12 in) fab
that has never been completed and which was transferred in its current state to "Numonyx" in 2008.

Caserta, Italy

Stmicro eSIM and SIM production facility for embedded form factor eSIM. [1] (https://www.eetasia.com/n
ews/article/18062702-st-gains-wafer-esim-accreditation)

Kirkop, Malta

As of 2010, ST employed some 1,500 people in Kirkop, making it the largest private sector employer, and
the country's leading exporter.[10]

Singapore

In 1970, SGS created its first assembly back-end plant in Singapore, in the area of Toa Payoh. Then in
1981, SGS decided to build a wafer
fab in Singapore. The Singapore technical engineers have been trained
in Italy and the fab of Ang Mo Kio started to produce its first
wafers in 1984. Converted up to 200 mm
(8 in) fab, this is now an important 200 mm (8 in) wafer fab of the group. Ang Mo Kio also hosts some
design centers. The site currently employs 6000 staff.

Update-2012: Numonyx JV (with Intel) is acquired by Micron in 2010. As such, AMK8 Fab (200mm
HVM Fab) is currently a Micron entity. AMK5 and AMK6 remains to be STM entities.
Update-2019:
AMK8 has been reacquired by STM from Micron.

Tunis, Tunisia

Application, design and support. about 110 employees. Divisions: MCD

Bouskoura, Morocco

Founded in 1979 as a radiofrequency products facility, the Bouskoura site now hosts back-end
manufacturing activity, which includes chip testing and packaging.

Other sites

Administrative headquarters
Geneva, Switzerland: Corporate headquarter which hosts most of the ST top management. It
totals some hundred of employees.
Saint-Genis-Pouilly, France, near Geneva: A few hundred of employees. Headquarters for
logistics.
Paris: Marketing and support.

Regional headquarters
Coppell, Texas: US headquarters.
Singapore: Headquarters for the Asia-Pacific region.
Tokyo: Headquarters for Japan and Korea operations.
Shanghai: Headquarters for China operations.[11]

Assembly plants
Malta: In 1981, SGS-Thomson (now STMicroelectronics) built its first assembly plant in
Malta. STMicroelectronics is, as of 2008, the largest private employer on the island,
employing around 1,800 people.
Muar, Malaysia: around 4000 employees. This site was built in 1974 by Thomson and is
now an assembly plant.
Shenzhen, Guangdong province, China, near Hong Kong: In 1994, ST and the Shenzhen
Electronics Group signed a partnership to construct and jointly operate an assembly plant
(ST has majority with 60%). The plant is located in Futian Free Trade Zone and became
operational in 1996. It has around 3,300 employees. A new assembly plant is built in
Longgang since 2008, and closed up till 2014. The R&D, design, sales and marketing office
is located in the Hi-tech industrial park in Nanshan district.
Calamba City, in the province of Laguna, Philippines,: In 2008, ST acquired this plant from
NXP Semiconductors. Initially as part of joint venture with NXP but later acquired the whole
share turning it into a full-fledged STMicroelectronics Assembly and Testing plant. Currently
it employs 2,000 employees.

Design centers
Cairo, Egypt: Hardware and software design center, started in 2020, with 50 employees.
Rabat, Morocco: A design center that employs 160 people.
Naples, Italy: A Design center employing 300 people.
Lecce, Italy: HW & SW Design Center which hosts 20 researchers in the Advanced System
Technology group.
 Ang Mo Kio, Singapore: In 1970, SGS created its first assembly back-end plant in
Singapore, in the area of Toa Payoh. Then in 1981, SGS decided to build a wafer fab in
Singapore. The Singapore technical engineers have been trained in Italy and the fab of Ang
Mo Kio started to produce its first wafers in 1984. Converted up to 8 inch (200 mm) fab, this
is now an important 8 inch (200 mm) wafer fab of the ST group. Ang Mo Kio also hosts
design centers for various groups.
Greater Noida, India: The Noida site was launched in 1992 to conduct software engineering
activities. A silicon design center was inaugurated on February 14, 1995. With 120
employees, it was the largest design center of the company outside Europe at the time. In
2006, the site was shifted to Greater Noida for further expansion. The site hosts mainly
design teams. It is now primarily involved with the design of home video products (Set-Top
Box, DVD), GPS and Wireless LAN chips, and accompanying software. Worldwide Data
center support is also transferred to Greater Noida in 2004. The employee strength in
Greater Noida is around 2000. This also includes employees of ST-Ericsson.
Santa Clara, California, (Silicon Valley), United States: 120 staff in marketing, design and
applications.
La Jolla, California, (San Diego, United States): 80 staff in design and applications.
Lancaster, Pennsylvania, U.S.: Application, support, and marketing.
Prague, Czech Republic: 100 to 200 employees. Application, design and support.
Tunis, Tunisia: 110 employees. Application, design and support.
Sophia Antipolis, near Nice, France: Design center with a few hundred employees.
Edinburgh, Scotland: 200 staff focused in the field of imaging and photon detection.
Ottawa, Ontario, Canada: In 1993, SGS-Thomson purchased the semiconductor activities of
Nortel which owned in Ottawa an R&D center and a fab. The fab was closed in 2000,
however, a design, R&D centre and sales office is operating in the city.
Toronto, Ontario, Canada: HW & SW Design Center primarily involved with the design of
video processor ICs as part of ST's TVM Division.
Bangalore, India: HW and SW design center employing more than 250 people (Including the
employees of ST Ericsson and Genesis Microchip).
Zaventem, Belgium: 100 employees. Design & Application Center. Closed in 2013
Helsinki, Finland: Design Center.
Turku, Finland: Design Center.
Oulu, Finland: Design Center.
Tampere, Finland: Design Center.
Longmont, Colorado USA: Design Center.
Graz, Austria: NFC Competence Center.[12]

Closing sites

The Phoenix, Arizona 8 inch (200 mm) fab, the Carrollton, Texas 6 inch (150 mm) fab, and the Ain Sebaa,
Morocco fab are beginning rampdown plans, and are destined to close by 2010.[13]

The Casablanca, Morocco site consists of two assembly parts (Bouskoura and Aïn Sebaâ) and totals around
4000 employees. It was opened in the 1960s by Thomson.

The Bristol, United Kingdom site employing well over 300 at its peak (in 2001/2) but was ramped down to
approx. 150 employees at close by early 2014.

The Ottawa, Ontario, Canada plant (approx. 450 employees) will close down by 2013 end.[14]
Closed sites
Rennes, France hosted a 6-inch (150 mm) fab and was closed in 2004
Rancho Bernardo, California, a 4-inch (100 mm) fab created by Nortel and purchased by
SGS-Thomson in 1994, after which it was converted into a 6-inch (150 mm) fab in 1996.
SGS's first presence in the US was a sales office based in Phoenix in the early 1980s. Later,
under SGS-Thomson, an 8-inch (200 mm) fab was completed in Phoenix in 1995. The
company's second 8" fab after Crolles 1, the site was first dedicated to producing
microprocessors for Cyrix. On July 10, 2007, ST said that it would close this site, and in July
2010 the shell of the Phoenix PF1 FAB was bought by Western Digital Corporation.[13]
The Carrollton, Texas site was built in 1969 by Mostek, an American company founded by
former employees of Texas Instruments. In 1979, Mostek was acquired by United
Technologies, which sold it to Thomson Semiconducteurs in 1985. Initially equipped with a
4-inch (100 mm) fab, it was converted into a 6-inch (150 mm) fab in 1988. The Colorado
Springs activities of British company INMOS were transferred to Carrollton in 1989 following
its acquisition by SGS Thomson. Since then the site has been refocused to wafer testing. On
July 10, 2007, ST announced it would close this fab, and it was finally closed in 2010.[13]
Bristol, UK This R&D site housed the British company Inmos, which in 1978 began
development of the famous Transputer microprocessor. The site was acquired with Inmos in
1989, and was primarily involved with the design of home video and entertainment products
(e.g. Set-Top Box), GPS chips, and accompanying software. At its peak the site employed
more than 250 employees. The site officially closed on March 31, 2014.[15]

Future locations
On August 8, 2007, ST bought Nokia's microchip development team and plans to invest
heavily in development of cellular ASIC applications. The purchase included Nokia's ASIC
team in Southwood (UK) and the company plans several sites in Finland.[16][17][18]

See also
Altitude SEE Test European Platform (ASTEP)
Interuniversity Microelectronics Centre (IMEC)
Numonyx
ST-Ericsson
List of semiconductor fabrication plants
STM8
STM32
STMicroelectronics Small Shareholders’ Group (STM.S.S.G.) (http://www.stmssg.org)
(in French) Collectif Autonome et Démocratique de STMicroelectronics (CAD-ST) (http://ww
w.cad-st.org)

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External links
Official website (https://www.st.com/)

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