ices eu ct speechis what we call the words people actually say when they speak Inthe example below, the direct speech is underlined. He soid, ‘haven't seen you for along time.” Indirect or reported speech is how we report (tell) what, another person says. He said he hadn't seen me fora long time. + Verb tenses often change when we report what people said. -— Feported speech oresent simple > pastsimple ‘Igo touniversity in the She said she went to university in the city centre, city centre. present continuous ; > pastcontinuous "Ym waiting fora bus ‘He said he was waiting for a bus. present perfect > past perfect, ‘thave olreadyhad He said he had already had lunch, lunch? past simple , > pastperfect ‘enjoyed my dinner’ She said she had enjoyed her dinner. will future > would ‘Picallyou later.” She said she would call me later, con > could ‘ean speak four She said she could speak four languages.’ languages. We also need to make other changes when we report what people said, + Subject and object pronouns: ‘Shave already told you.’ > She said she had already told me. ‘We live in Paris.’ > They said they lived in Paris, + Possessive adjectives: ‘I've mended my bike.’ > He said he'd mended his bike. ‘We love our flat.’ > They scid they loved their flat. + Time references: “We're going on holiday tomorrow.’ >} They soid they were going on holiday the next day. + Place references: “Iwant to stay here.’ > He said he wanted to stay there. Reported commands + We can use ell to report commands. We need to include the ‘object (the person who needs to listen to the command) + infinitive after tell. ‘lrectcommands reported commands “Stop talking!” Their boss told them to stop talking. ‘Don'be late!” The father tld his daughter not [Link] late PRACTICE © Write the reported speech as direct speech. 1. She sald she was livingin Moscow. ‘tts int, Moscop 2 said Iwas sorry, but couldn't lend her any more money. 3 He says he stil feels il 4 She says she's older than me. 5 They said they'd come and see me later. 6 Max said he'd left the day before, 7 She told him to stop worrying. © Write the statements and commands as reported speech. 1. ‘'m leaving university at the end of next year: He said 2 ‘'ve got a surprise for you.’ She said 3 ‘Shut the door!" She told him 4 ‘We've all passed our English exam.” They said 5 ‘It's my birthday tomorrow. He said 6 “You're the only person | know who likes classical music.’ She said 7 ‘Don’t drink any more coffee!" He told Max. 8 We went to Morocco for our holiday last year?” ‘They saidThe word order in reported questions is the same as for positive phrases, “positivephrase direct question _ reported question was smiling, “Why ore you He asked me why! smiling?" was smiling * We use ask when we report questions, We need to make changes to tenses, pronouns, times and places, We don’t use question marks. direct question reported question Why are you smiling? He asked me why | wos smiling What are you doing She asked us what we wore comorrow? doing the next doy. When do you finish football He asked me when finished sractce?” football practice Why did you come here?” She asked me why Ihad gone there » With yes/no questions (questions that need either a yes or no answer), we need to use ifor whether after ask, Are you feeling OK?’ She asked if/whether | was feeling OK. Do youneeda break?” He asked iffwhether | needed o break @ Rewrite the indirect sentences as direct questions. 2 They asked me why I went to Morocco on holiday. ‘Poly diA you go ta, [Link]. holiday Helen asked me if was enjoying my new course. Alex asked if anyone had found his keys. Sasha wanted to know what we'd done the day before. | asked Veronika ifshe could come to my party that evening, We asked a policeman if he could tell us where the station, was, > Jan wanted to know who my favourite actor was. 8 | asked my brother if he had tried to phone me. Write the questions as reported questions. 1 ‘Why are you wearing your best clothes? My colleague asked 2 ‘Where are you going?” My colleague asked 3 ‘What are you going to do there?” My colleague asked 4 ‘Are you going with anyone?” My boss asked 5 ‘Dol know who you're going with?” My colleague asked. 6 ‘What time will you be back?” My boss asked 7 ‘How will you get back?’ My colleague asked 8 ‘What will you do if you miss the last train?” My boss askedIndirect questions are a polite way of asking for information. We use expressions like Could you tell me...? or Iwas wondering ... to introduce the question. direct question reported question Are you busy later? Could you tell me if you're busy later? Doyouknowthe Iwas wondering if you know the time time? Where do you work? I'd like to know where you work + The word order in indirect questions is the same as for statements. ‘How long have you lived here?’ ‘| would like to know howr long you have lived here.” + We do not use the auxiliary verbs do, does and didin indirect ‘questions. However, we sometimes need to change the tense of the verb, ‘When does the train leave?’ ¥ Could you tell me when the train leaves? X Could-yorrtetimewhemdoes the train leave? ‘When did you get home?’ ¥ Could you tell me when you got home? X Could youtettmewherdid-yourget nome? + Ifthere is no question word (what, when, etc), use ifor whether. isthe train late? ‘Could you tell me ifthe train is ate?’ Write the questions as indirect questions. 1 ‘Where do you live? Could you tell me 2 ‘Are you doing anything at the weekend?” was wondering 3 “What did they do last weekend?! Can you tell me 4 ‘What did you think of the film? 1 like to know 5 Ismy seat number on this ticket? Could you tell me