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Foundation Design Calculations Guide

The document provides guidance on foundation design for different soil types including calculations for allowable bearing capacity and pile capacity. It outlines approaches for shallow foundations on clay or sand soils, as well as pile foundations. Additional considerations for pile design such as group effects, spacing, reinforcement and concrete requirements are also covered.

Uploaded by

Kwan Chun Lau
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Topics covered

  • adhesion factor,
  • design methodology,
  • concrete grade,
  • load calculations,
  • average shear strength,
  • Skempton,
  • factor of safety,
  • pile spacing,
  • pile foundation,
  • shaft stress
1K views3 pages

Foundation Design Calculations Guide

The document provides guidance on foundation design for different soil types including calculations for allowable bearing capacity and pile capacity. It outlines approaches for shallow foundations on clay or sand soils, as well as pile foundations. Additional considerations for pile design such as group effects, spacing, reinforcement and concrete requirements are also covered.

Uploaded by

Kwan Chun Lau
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Topics covered

  • adhesion factor,
  • design methodology,
  • concrete grade,
  • load calculations,
  • average shear strength,
  • Skempton,
  • factor of safety,
  • pile spacing,
  • pile foundation,
  • shaft stress
  • Foundation Design - Footing: Covers methods for calculating allowable bearing capacity and factors for safety in foundation footing design.
  • Foundation Design - Piling: Describes the parameters for designing pile foundations, including adhesion and diameter calculations.

Design Formula for Foundation Design (IStructE Part III Examination)

Founding Parameter Footing Scheme


Materials Given

Foundation Design - Footing


CLAY Undrained Quick calculation for allowable bearing capacity, qa
Shear 1. qa = 2C (If Cohesion, C is given) GO TO PILE DESIGN IF…
1) Size of footing > 1/2 x Col Spacing
Strength, Cu 2. qa = CuNc/F
2) Swelling Clay
Cu - undrained shear strength
3) Substantially thick compressive soil
Nc - 5.4 (Myerhof’s bearing capacity factors for a shallow strip footing)
strate
- 6.0 (min) for square and circle (By Skempton)
4) SO3 and PH value of soil
F - Factor of Safety i.e take 3
SAND Angle of Quick calculation for allowable bearing capacity, qa
shear 1. qa = 10 x ‘N’ value in KPa (Dw > B + D)
G.L
resistance ’ qa = 5 x ‘N’ value in KPa (Dw < B + D)
or SPT ’N’ Notes: The settlement is assumed to be less than 25mm and

a factory of safety of 3 is applied in the qa calculated D


Dw
from above equation. - Terzaghi & Peck

W.T
2. ’ is given (’ > 30o) B

’ = 27 + 0.3 ‘N’
➢ ‘N’ is calculated
➢ qa is calculated from (1)
Notes: The soil should be designed as clay if ’ < 30o and Cu = 4 x ‘N’ (kPa)
Founding Parameter Pile Scheme
Materials Given
CLAY Undrained Quick calculation for pile foundation, Qa - (By Skemption)
Shear 1. Qa = (Qs + Qb) / F PRACTICE in UK…

Foundation Design - Piling


Strength, Cu Qs = ( D L) x  x average of (Cu) 1) Common size of Bored Pile is
Qb = Cub Nc x Ab (Nc take 9 for deep pile) around 1m ~ 1.5m

 - Adhesion factor (take 0.5 for bored pile)


D - Diameter of pile F - Factor of Safety i.e take 2.5
L - Length of pile Ab - Cross-sectional area of pile
Cub - Undrained shear strength at the base of pile
Average of Cu – The average of Cu at top and bottom of pile i.e. [Cu(Top) + Cu(Bottom)] x 0.5
SAND Angle of Quick calculation for pile foundation, Qa - (By Tomlinson)
shear 1. Qa = (Qs + Qb) / F ( F take 2.5) Other Design Requirement….
resistance ’ Qs = ( D L) x average of (v’) x k tan  1) Group Reduction Factor 0.85 for 5
or SPT ’N’ Average of (v’) = 0.5 x v’ = 0.5 x ’ x L piles or more
k tan = 0.25 where (k = 0.3 &  = 0.5’) 2) Pile spacing > 3D
(’ = 27 + 0.3 ‘N’) 3) 0.4% min reinforcement
Qb = v’ x Nq x Ab (Nq is derived as a function o f 4) Min. Grade 40D concrete
’ and D/B from chart in Tomlinsion) 5) Shaft stress < 0.25fcu

6) Min. cover = 75mm


Note: For tension pile, Qu = Qs and Qa = Qu/3

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