PAPER

EXPLANATION TEXT

Subject: English

Lectured: Muh Misbahul Munir AP., [Link].

Compiled by:

1. Lulu Ul Jannah (2220110054)

2. Dimas Ajib Muhammad (2220110055)

3. Arbiina Nur Latifah (2220110064)

4. Ma’ruf Hidayat (2220110068)

ISLAMIC FAMILY LAW STUDY PRPGRAM

FACULTY OF SHARIA

INSTITUTE OF ISLAMIC RELIGION HOLY STATE

2022/2023
 PREFACE

Assalamualaikum [Link]

Praise and gratitude for the presence of God Almighty for His grace and guidance so that we can
complete the assignment of the English course. With the title "Explanation Text", this
assignment was designed to fulfill the task of English in studying at the Kudus State Islamic
Institute. We realize that there are still many shortcomings and limitations in presenting the data
for this paper. Therefore, we expect constructive criticism and suggestions from all readers for
the perfection of this paper. Hopefully this paper is useful and can add to our knowledge.

Wassalamualaikum [Link]

Kudus, 10 November 2022

Author
 CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

A. Background

Explanation comes from a foreign language (English) which means the act of describing or
explaining and testimony, statements or facts that explain. In this chapter we will discuss explanatory
texts in natural phenomena related to natural disasters and social phenomena of society. Natural disasters
are natural events that have a large impact on the human population. Natural events may include floods,
volcanic eruptions, earthquakes, tsunamis, landslides, blizzards, droughts, hail, heat waves, typhoons,
tropical storms, typhoons, tornadoes, forest fires and disease. Natural disasters can have devastating
economic, social and environmental impacts. Damage to infrastructure can disrupt social activities,
impacts in the social sector include death, injury, illness, loss of housing and community chaos, while
environmental damage can be in the form of damage to forests that protect land. Social phenomenon is a
condition in which humans assume that everything that happens is an absolute truth. In fact, the truth is
actually made clear through the simulation of symbols, codes that are imaged in such a way from the true
object.

B. Problem formulation

Based on the above background, the author formulates several things that will be explained in this
white paper.

1. Definition Explanation.

2. Structure Explanation.

3. Characteristics of Explanation.

4. Example Explanation.

C. Purpose

The purpose of writing this paper is to increase my knowledge and experience in understanding
Explanation Text.
 CHAPTER II

DISCUSSION

A. Definition Explanation

Explanation Text is one of the texts used to explain the way (process) of something happening,
especially those related to natural phenomena, the scientific world or socio-cultural. Related to the
process, this text is almost the same as procedure text. The difference is, if the procedure text explains
how to do something (process), this text is more about explaining how a process occurs.

B. Structure Explanation Text

Here is the structure of the explanation text.

1. Title, Explanation text has a title that aims to attract the reader's attention. The title of the explanation
text usually begins with the words how or why.

2. General Statemen,t The first paragraph contains a general statement. Why? So that readers have an
overview of the topics discussed.

3. Explanation. This paragraph explains how or why something happened.

4. Closing (Conclusion), a paragraph that summarizes the entire contents of the text. This section is
optional, you can use it or not.

C. Characteristics of Explanation Text

1. Using chronological conjunctions such as "next", "first", "then", "to begin with", and others.

2. Use catchy titles.

3. Use correct scientific and technical terms.

4. Explanation text is always written in the present tense and from a third person point of view.

5. Using noun phrases.

D. Example of Explanation Text

how do fish breathe?

All animals breathe just like humans. How they breathe, however, varies. Breathe by inhaling
oxygen and exhaling carbon dioxide as waste. Air flows in through the human’s nose or mouth into the
lungs where oxygen is transported through the blood to the rest of the human body. Humans need air to
breathe. So, what does that mean for animals that live in the water? Like humans, fish also need oxygen
and emit carbon dioxide to survive. But using the lungs, these creatures that live in water use organs
called gills. The gills are organs located on the sides of the fish’s head. These gills have many small blood
vessels called capillaries.
 When the fish opens, the water will flow over the gills. After that, the blood in the capillaries will
pick up oxygen that is soluble in water. The blood then moves through the fish’s body to provide oxygen
throughout the body, just like in [Link] bony fish also have a bony plate called an operculum. This
operculum is useful for opening and closing to protect the gills. Breathing underwater is difficult. The air
we breathe has an oxygen concentration of 200,000 parts per million.

Whereas water only has a concentration of 4 to 8 parts per million. This means fish need to flow
a lot of water over their gills to get the amount of oxygen to survive. In addition, the gills are very useful
for extracting the oxygen needed by fish. Breathing becomes more difficult as the oxygen concentration
decreases. Low levels of oxygen concentration make it impossible for animals to survive. Although it can
occur naturally, it can also be created by human activity.

When pollution is high, such as waste dumped into the sea, this will cause algae blooms which
then die and decompose. Furthermore, it will cause the zone to have a low oxygen concentration level of
oxygen. Fish need clean water to breathe. Similarly, humans need clean air to breathe. Humans can help
these gilled creatures to thrive by keeping their habitat free of pollutants.

\
 CHAPTER III

CLOSING

Explanation text is a text or article that contains "why" and "how" a phenomenon can occur, both
natural phenomena and social phenomena. Every text in Indonesian has a different structure, purpose,
characteristics and method of preparation. The texts are almost similar to the others but after examining
we can clearly see the differences in each text.

Bibliography
Aridatul, Falah. 2000.’’ Explanation’’, [Link],

Nikita rosa, detikEdu.12 januari 2022