WEEK 7

HOW TO PARAPHRASE FOR THE FINAL EXAM – second part of this lecture
LEXICAL ANALYSIS
1. He's being very _________ about his new girlfriend.
a. secre b. secretive - tajanstven
2. Graffiti takes _______ /long time ago was only plural, not both/
a. singular
b. plural
c. both singular and plural verb forms.
3. _____ materials or products can be used again after they have been treated using a special industrial
process.
a. recycled - reciklirani b. recyclable- reciklazni
4. When the children of immigrants are __MAINSTREAM__(mainstream), they learn the new language within
months. – as an adjective to describe sth that si modern, and as a noun as well
5. A password is used to ___AUTHENTICATE__ (authentic) a user. – we need verb
6. The word constituency /can mean law/ in the sentence ‘While he may shelter behind a concealed identity,
he advocates a direct connection between an artist and his constituency’ means:
a. supporters b. law c. beliefs
7. She was one of those really ___SNOOTY__ (snoot) sales assistants that you often find in expensive shops. –
arrogant, better than others, dignu nos, uobrazeni, think they have better qualities than others
conceited – full of himself
8. The word snoot means
a. arrogance b. nose c. dirt
9. The word leafy in the sentence ‘The mansion is in a leafy suburb of Havana’ means
a. with lots of trees
b. with lots of crime
c. poor
10. I made a quick _______ into town before lunch to get my sister a present.
a. foray b. visit c. break
11. The part was played __MEMORABLY__ (memory) by Humphrey Bogart.
12. Which preposition can be used in the following sentences:
a. Have you settled __ON__a name for the baby? to decide
b. When he died, he settled his money __FOR/TO__ his children. inherited
c. Hours later, they settled __ON_ a plan. agreed/decided
13. Transform the sentence using the word in capitals.
We managed to come to the concert a few minutes before it was supposed to begin. MADE
We only __MADE IT TO THE CONCERT_a few minutes before it was supposed to begin.
(5 words)

COMPOUNDS

 filmmaker
 all-purpose –adjective
 tongue-in-cheek-titled –adjective – funny, silly
 artwork
 face-to-face -
 run-down – adjective - poor
 low-level

DEPENDENT PREPOSITIONS
1. Sheila is very strict ___WITH /prema/__ the children in her class. She is particularly strict ___ON/po
pitanju/__ punctuality. However, her relationship __WITH__ the children is a happy one.
2. We think that Brenda’s system of office filing is a great advance __TO /in comparason to/__ the old system.
We should benefit a lot _FROM___ it. Yes, it definitely has a lot of advantages __OVER_ the old system.
3. I can’t possibly agree ___ON/TO sth__ your demands. Unless you’re prepared to compromise we will never
be able to agree __IN___ a sensible way to deal with the problem of your monthly allowance. Why can’t you
learn to agree __WITH_ me sometimes – especially ___ON__ my ideas for your future? They are in your
interest, you know.
4. Nowadays, there is no advantage _OF_ being a woman. In the old days, a clever woman could take
advantage ____OF__ being a female. But now the rules of social conduct apply __TO_ men and women alike.
5. Denis is always boasting ___ABOUT__ his success as a salesman. His behaviour is typical _FOR/OF__ the
social upstart. He is quite incapable __OF_ showing a bit of modesty.
6. Things have changed considerably __FOR___ the worse, I am afraid. There has been a serious deterioration
___IN____ the economic situation. The key __TO_ recovery lies in our export trade.
7. Ken has been charged by the police __FOR__ dangerous driving. He is prepared to plead guilty __FOR___
driving without due care and attention but says he is not guilty _OF_ dangerous driving.
8. The man confessed ___TO___ stealing food, pleading that his children had been suffering __FROM___
malnutrition and might well have died ____OF_ starvation.
TRANSFORMATIONS
1. None of the phones were left when we got to the shop.
time
By the time we got to the shop, all the phones had been sold.
2. I didn't know it was Carl until he took off his hat.
when
Only when he took off his hat did I recognise Carl.
3. Don't waste your time asking Bryan to come with us.
worth
It's not worth asking Bryan to come with us.
4. Perhaps John heard the story from Pippa.
have
Pippa might have told John the story.
5. Until they fire me as manager here, I'll run the company my way.
Long
As long as I am the boss, I'll run the company my way.
6. The school's management are investigating allegations of teacher brutality.
locked
Allegations of teacher brutality are being locked into the school's management.
7. It's not possible that you saw Mary last night, she was with us!
have
You can’t have seen Mary last night, she was with us!
8. The beach was fun even though it was too cold.
fact
Despite the fact that it was too cold, the beach was fun

WEEK 8
allegation OF – navod, statement
embezzlement – pronevera
living off a seemingly endless supply of funds – ziveti od necega / naizgled
rubbing shoulders with powerful figures – in a company with sb
instated martial (law) – vojna hunta – vojska preuzma
plunder - the violent and dishonest acquisition of property. / steal from
flamboyance - the tendency to attract attention because of one's exuberance, confidence, and stylishness.
due to ill health
counts of corruption –tacka optuzbe
wrath – extreme anger
not unlike = like
spoof – parody, bad copy – its a piece of art that is a bad copy of sth
estimable - worthy of great respect.
airbrush out the atrocities – to make it better, correct it
the poverty-stricken country – extremely poor
the ostentation -the pretentious or showy display of wealth and luxury, designed to impress

RESPECTIVE – relating or belonging to each of the separate people or things you have just mentioned, e.g.,
Everyone would go into the hall for assembly and then afterwards we'd go to our respective classes.
Adv. RESPECTIVELY - in a way that relates or belongs to each of the separate people or things you have just
mentioned, e.g., His sons, John and Tom are 9 and 7, respectively.

To infer - to reach an opinion from available information or facts, to conclude, n. inference

IMPLY OR INFER?
We imply something by what we say. We infer something from what somebody else says. The main difference
between these two words is that a speaker can imply, but a listener can only infer. …

ONE WORD
Men and women are often considered to be completely at odds with /disagree/ each other, in terms (1) OF
their attitudes and behaviour. Not so when they are in love, new research has discovered. As far as their
hormone levels are CONCERNED (2), when men and women are in love, they are more similar to each other
(3) THAN at any other time. It has LONG(4) been known that love can WREAK/PLAY(5) havoc with hormone
levels. For example the hormone cortisol, WHICH (6) is known for its calming effect on the body, dips
dramatically when one person is attracted to ANOTHER (7) , putting the love-struck on a par with sufferers of
obsessive compulsive disorder. But a new study has found that the hormone testosterone, commonly
associated with male aggression, also falls when he is in love. In women, it's quite the OPPOSITE/REVERSE (8) .
Testosterone levels, which (9) TEND to be lower among females, rise towards (10) of the male. Donatella
Marazziti of the University of Pisa, Italy, (11) PUTS this down to nature attempting to eliminate the differences
between the sexes. (12) BY doing so, they can concentrate fully ON (13) reproduction. This suggestion seems
to be supported by the fact that NEITHER (14) couples in a long TERM (15) relationship, nor participants in the
study who were single at the time of the experiment, exhibited such changes.
TO WREAK HAVOC is to cause chaos or destruction or both
1 Such are the vicissitudes of history. Nothing remains the same. Three hundred years of peace ended in
darkness and confusion.
a. evils b. mistakes c. changes d. rules
2 The purpose of the psychiatrist is to mitigate the suffering of the patient.
a. make milder b. beautify c. increase d. banish
3 A combination of fog and industrial smoke, called smog, has vitiated the air in and around many big cities.
a. concentrate b. fill up c. replace d. contaminate
4 We knew he couldn’t hold out much longer, because he had been doomed from the beginning. One night he
met his ineluctable fate.
a. forgotten b. inevitable c. hidden d. unhappy
5 No matter where you go, the Internet is following you. Almost every portable device is being made with an
Internet connection. Most new TVs and many other appliances come with Internet connections as well. The
Internet is truly ubiquitous.
If something is ubiquitous, __________.
a. it is fuzzy and will bite you
b. it is everywhere
c. it costs too much money
d. it causes rashes
6 Removing seeds from cotton plants was a slow job until Eli Whitney invented the cotton gin.
What is a cotton gin?
a. a drink
b. a book
c. a machine
d. a cloth

SYNONYM
vociferous = loud
impudent = disrespectful
incessant = without a break
emaciated = skinny
impeccable = perfect
1 Their vociferous chatter made me wish I had ear plugs. ___ ______
2 He was so impudent to his mother that I would have punished him if he talked to me that way. ____ _____
3 The Great Flood of Noah’s day was caused by incessant rain that fell for 40 days and nights. _______.
4 The prisoners liberated from the Nazi death camp were so emaciated that they looked like skeletons.
________
5 The job candidate’s background was impeccable – good references and many years of experience, but the
company did not give her the job. _______

DEPENDENT PREPOSITIONS
1 Marilyn’s father is a dealer _IN_ antiques. He has a great reputation _FOR_ honesty /of being honest. He is
an expert _IN_ 18th century porcelain.
2 We shouldn’t discourage Helen __FROM_ being an actress. We’d only prejudice her _AGAINST us. And it
certainly wouldn’t cure her _OF_ stage fear. noun = cure for
3 Denis objects strongly __TO __ being called a nutcase. He absolutely insists __ON_ an apology. An apology
might be preferable __TO_a fight.
4 The country is very poor __IN_ natural resources. It is trying to become self-sufficient __IN_ food. The
Government has had finally to decide _ON__ a definite agricultural policy.
5 My wife now usually compliments me __ my taste ____ clothes. She is very particular ____ my appearance,
which she says is a great improvement ___ what it was.
6 Sir James is always honest _____ his dealings ____ us. He is always very honest ___ all of us. There is never
any question ___ a limit being set _____ what he tells us.
7 What was Sheila so angry ___ yesterday? She was very angry ___ Ken ____ keeping her waiting. She was
also angry ___ being told to be more patient in the future.

TRANSFORMATIONS
a) When he has to face a crisis, Tony panics. faced
Tony panics __________ a crisis.
b) Collecting stamps gives me a lot of pleasure. derive
I _____________ collecting stamps.
c) The arrested man did not look the same as the wanted man. answer
The arrested man did not ________ the wanted man.
d) The facts of the case were familiar to the lawyer. acquainted
The lawyer _________ the facts of the case.
e) The deaths of over fifty people were caused by the storm. resulted
The storm __________ killed.
f) We have given winter equipment to all the soldiers. provided
All the soldiers ________ winter equipment.
g) It's just our luck that the funeral is at the same time as our holiday in Crete. coincide
It's just our luck that __________in Crete.
h) You haven't really explained exactly how the money disappeared. account
Your explanation ________ of the money.

WEEK 9
VOCABULARY
1. She told me she had some bad news for me and I braced myself for a shock.
a. settled for b. prepared for c. accepted
2. The shopping center was built ______ landfill /deponija/.
a. in b. on
3. Bandeau jersey bodycon number is
a. a tight dress b. a loose dress c. any garment d. hair band
4. The verb “brew” means
a. to make beer
b. to make tea or coffee
c. about to start (something bad or unpleasant)
d. all the above
5. The word ‘shipping’ in the sentence How much do we pay for shipping? means
a. sending goods exclusively by ship
b. travelling by ship
c. sending goods from one place to another
6. High-tech companies account for 32% of the total value of the payrolls in the area. MEANS BOTH
a. explain b. form /CINE/
7. I always had to wear my sister's _________ as a child.
a. cast-offs b. casts-off c. casts-offs
8. The animal's thick fur provides very good __________ against the arctic cold.
a. isolation b. insulation /izolacija/ protected from
9. “Upcycle” /we use and repurpose sth that already exist, model it / and “recycle”/completely change it and
then make sth else, sth new/ mean the same.
a. true
b. false
10. The brand is jumping on a bandwagon kickstarted by ethical brands such as Patagonia.
a. idea b. path c. journey d. a current trend

TRANSFORMATIONS
1. It’s impossible for me not to laugh when he starts making faces. HELP
I can’t help laughing when he starts making faces.
2. We shall try hard, although there is not much chance of winning. PROSPECT
We shall try hard, although there is little prospect of winning.
3. I am not thinking of resigning at the moment. INTENTION
I have no intention of resigning at the moment.
4. The report has made people afraid that others may be at risk from the disease. RAISED
The reports has raised fears among people that others may be at risk from the disease.
5. Kate quarelled with her boyfriend and they stopped seeing each other. FELL
Kate fell out with her boyfriend and they stopped seeing each other.
6. Please say hello to your mother for me. REMEMBER
Please remember me to your mother.
7. The documentary avoided some important issues. GLOSSED
The documentary glossed over some important issues.
8. People think that he is a bit of a bore. COME
He comes across as a bit of a bore.
9. Puffy sleeves are fashionable this spring. VOGUE
Puffy sleeves are very much in vogue this spring.
WORD FORMATION
1. In 2009 Carlsberg was among the largest brewery groups in the world, employing around 45,000 people.
(BREW)
2. Retailing is an attractive career for graduates. (RETAILER)
3. The usher showed us to front-row seats. (USHER)
4. Generally, plastics tend to be good insulators. (INSULATE)
5. The successful coffee chain promotes sustainability within the coffee-growing regions. (SUSTAIN)

ONE WORD
This is why sustainable fashion matters
Sustainable fashion ____SEEMED/APPEARED/USED TO HAVE____ to have a, let’s call it, crunchy
connotation /environmental, ppl who are vegetarians, eco friendly.../. It conjured images of rough fabrics,
patchwork techniques and unsophisticated styling, making it ___MORE___ faux pas than fashion.
In recent years, however, sustainable and _ECO__-friendly design has turned a pivotal corner, elevating its
style sense to the level of ready-to-__GO/WEAR_____ while seeking ___OUT___ innovative approaches to
lessening its carbon __FOOTPRINT____ and chemical load.
And it hasn’t happened a moment too soon. The fashion __INDUSTRY___ is the world’s ___SECOND__-largest
polluter, after oil. That means even if you’re diligent ___ABOUT___ correctly separating your recycling, put
solar panels on your ___ROOFS___ and ___USE/COLLECT___ rainwater, and strictly buy local, organic
produce, you’re inherently implicit in fashion’s shameful truth just by getting dressed every morning.
“It’s funny, because every day you __GET___ dressed, but research shows that even when a person
____LIVE/ADOPT__ a more sustainable lifestyle — ______WHEATHER____ that’s because they’re more aware
of it because they have children or because they’ve recently had an illness — fashion is the last thing they
change,” says Kelly Drennan, founding executive director of Fashion Takes Action.

Task: Make the following sentences meaningful by finishing the second halves of the words in bold.

1. A fashion_ _ _ _ is a sl_ _ _ term for pe_ _ _ _ who li_ _ fashion.

2. Acc_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ are things that can be ad_ _ _ to your out_ _ _ to make it mo_ _ attractive and sty_ _ _ _.
3. Fashion vi_ _ _ _ is a person who we_ _ _ _ popular tre_ _ _ and looks really ridi_ _ _ _ _ _ because he/she
en_ _ up looking like a st_ _ _ mannequin.
4. Fashion i_ _ _ is someone who is very we_ _ known as an exa_ _ _ _ of style.
5. You can st_ _ _ _ a pose for the cam_ _ _.
6. If you are dressed to k_ _ _, you wear something with an intention to im_ _ _ _ _ _ people and be no_ _ _ _
_.
7. If you have a se_ _ _ of style you know what lo_ _ _ good on you and have your o_ _ style and ta_ _ _.
8. Catwalk or ru_ _ _ _ _ is a narrow flat plat_ _ _ _, used by mo_ _ _ _ to present de_ _ _ _ _ _ clothes.

1. A fashionista is a slang term for people who like fashion.

2. Accessories are things that can be added to your outfit to make it more attractive and stylish.
3. Fashion victim is a person who wears popular trends and looks really ridiculous because he/she ends up
looking like a store mannequin.
4. Fashion icon is someone or something who is very well known as an example of style.
5. You can strike a pose for the camera.
6. If you are dressed to kill, you wear something with an intention to impress people and be noticed.
7. If you have a sense of style you know what looks good on you and have your own style and taste.
8. Catwalk or runway is a narrow flat platform, used by models to present designer clothes.

CLOTHES – synonyms

CONTEXT CUES
1. When they heard the good news about the court’s decision, the angry crowd cheered and then began to
disperse.
“It looks like everyone is going home,” one reporter stated.
Which would be the opposite of “disperse”? /=GO AWAY/
a. come together
b. smile
c. cry
d. agree
2. When your plan brings us great wealth, you will be rewarded for your sagacity.
a. good looks
b. mistakes
c. intelligence
d. huge appetite for herbs
SAGE / zalfija/
3. Both sides in the election contest are throwing accusations at each other. The Gore supporters claim that
Governor Bush is trying to thwart the will of the people. The Bush supporters say that Mr. Gore is trying to
create votes or assign choices to people who did not really cast votes for president.
What does “thwart” mean? /stop from developing/
a. help
b. figure out
c. block
d. tickle
4. The election could actually end up being decided in the U.S. Congress. Al Gore’s vice presidential running
mate, Joe Lieberman, and perhaps Mr. Gore himself, would be able to vote on the matter. Some would argue
that they should recuse themselves, but they would probably exercise their right to vote.
What does “recuse” mean?
a. step aside and not be involved
b. admit that you are wrong
c. leave the country
d. insist on being heard
5. Helen’s attitude toward dealing with criminals has changed over the years. She used to believe that
everyone can change and deserves a second chance. She now believes that some crimes are so heinous that
those responsible should be shown no mercy.
a. guilty
b. terrible
c. accidental
d. unimportant

DEPENDENT PREPOSITIONS
1 Martyrs are people who suffer FOR_ their beliefs and sometimes die _FOR_ them. They are not prepared to
bargain _WITH_ their prosecutors _FOR_ their lives. Nor do they expect people to have pity __ON_ them.
There is therefore little danger _OF__ the world becoming crowded _WITH__ martyrs.
2 Some people think that universal, formal education is an obstacle __TO_ an individual’s full mental
development. Others think that without it there is no hope _FOR__ society’s future. No one can afford to be
indifferent _TO_ the problem.
3. Sheila’s applying __TO_ a headmistress’s post. She may well get it, since her aunt has influence _ON /WITH-
they respect her__ the educational authorities. Also Sheila’s very well qualified _FOR__ the post in her own
right.
4 Alice is noted __FOR_ her success _WITH__ young children. She cares _FOR__ them as individuals, not as
playthings. They do not have to conform __TO_ some preconceived notion of what a child should be. Sheila
devotes a lot of her over time __TO_ the children at her school, especially __TO_ those deprived _OF__
parental affection.
5 I am usually in complete sympathy _WITH__ Sir James’s views, but you can’t expect me to feel sympathetic
__TOWARDS__ him when he speaks _OF__ wishing to lead his party __INTO_ an alliance with the Democrats.
6 When I come home from the office I change __INTO_ casual clothes. I then feel free _FROM__ the restraints
of my working life. My mood, in fact, changes _WITH__ the clothes I wear.

WEEK 10
Relying on the relation existing between the first pair of words, finish the second pair.
1 impact: effect → apparel: CLOTHING = synonyms
2 sustainable: insupportable → diligent: lazy = antonyms
3 find: found → found: founded (establish) = infinitives and past simples
4 cast-off: cast-offs → passer-by: passers-by
hand me downs – we inherit sth from older siblings

ONE WORD FITS ALL

1. Could you slow down - I can't keep ___pace__ with you.
2. I don't like the __pace_____ of modern life.
3. No more soup, thank you. I'm ______pace__ myself so that I have room for a dessert.
4. He ___pace___ the room nervously. = walk
5. The interview panel will put all candidates through their ___paces___ especially in relation to financial
skills.= they will investigate them thoroughly
6. You can get a rough idea of the size of the room by ___pace___ it out. = measuring

1. deafening noise
2. fashionable clothing
3. gripping story- firmly holding the attention or interest; exciting.
4. harsh criticism
5. hazardous journey
6. innate talent
 7. instant feedback
8. sheer honesty
9. total exuberance -the quality of being full of energy, excitement, and cheerfulness; ebullience.
10. wide experience

1 Most teachers think it is important to give students ___instant feedback____ when they have done a
presentation.
2 I was unable to sleep last night due to the _deafening noise ___ coming out of the club down the road.
3 The dancers were young and enthusiastic and the _total exuberance___ of their performance thrilled the
audience.
4. I’ve never seen my sister wearing ___fashionable clothing___. The way she dresses is often bizarre.
5 The minister had to deal with ___harsh criticism__ when he introduced the new pension rules.
6 As soon as Peter painted his first picture, his ___innate talent__ as an artist became obvious.
7 We had an unexpectedly ___hazardous journey___ across the States last year as there were flash floods.
8 We all loved the book; it was such a ___gripping story__ that none of us could put it down.
9 Lucy always spoke her mind and I always found her ___sheer honesty__ rather refreshing.
10 Jane has very ___wide experience___ of administrative work and should have no difficulty obtaining work
in London.

TRANSFORMATIONS
1. Tom, wouldn’t it be a good idea to take the students swimming tomorrow? how
Tom, how about taking the students swimming tomorrow? - gerund
2. I’m worried about that bruise on your hand. look
I don’t like the look of that bruise on your hand.
3. What time does your plane land tomorrow? when
Can you tell me when your plane lands tomorrow? indirect
4. The owner established the company in 2001. up
The company was put up the owner in 2001. PUT UP = ESTABLISH
5. Looking back, I think I was right to study mathematics at university. regret
Looking back, I don’t regret studying I mathematics at university.
6. Susan has had no success with her plans to work abroad, unfortunately. through
Susan’s plans to work abroad didn’t go through, unfortunately.
7. I hope you were not discouraged by Sandra from going to the concert. put
I hope Sandra didn;t put you off from going to the concert. . PUT OFF
8. Please behave as if you are in your own house during your stay. make
I’d like you all to make yourself at home during your stay.
9. Leaving school made me realise that my childhood was over. brought
Leaving school brought back memories to me that my childhood was over.
10. I never find time to tidy my desk. round
I never get round to tidying my desk. GET ROUND

ONE WORD
Over twelve million immigrants entered the United States _BETWEEN_ 1892 and 1954 through Ellis Island, the
first Federal Immigration Station. Annie Moore, a 15 year-old Irish girl, entered history and a new country as
____THE____ (1) very first immigrant to be processed there in 1892. Over the next 62 years, many more
immigrants ____WERE__ (2) to follow through this port of entry and go __ON__ (3) to make new lives in their
adopted country. ___EVEN THOUGH/ALTHOUGH___ (4) most of them then spread across the country, it is
estimated that ___UP__(5) to fifty per cent of all Americans can trace at least one family member who passed
through Ellis Island on arrival. Following a major restoration project, the main building on the island was
reopened to the public in 1990 as the Ellis Island Immigration Museum. Nearly a century ___AFTER___ (6) the
peak years of immigration, it is __ONE___ (7) of the most popular tourist destinations and receives almost two
million visitors annually, many of __THEM/WHO__ (8) take the opportunity to find out about their ancestors.

WORD FORMATION
When a family moves to a new country they need to think about how to maintain their own language and
_INCOURAGE___ COURAGE their children to learn a new one. Not ___SURPRISINGLY__ SURPRISE the
experience of being dropped into a group of people who do not speak their language can be ___PUZZLING__
PUZZLE for children. There will be moments when the children need __REASSURANCE___ASSURE from their
parents and it may be more crucial than ever to maintain routines which are important such as ___STORY
TELLING___STORY in the home language. These routines emphasise the __PERMANENCE____PERMANENT of
the relationship between parent and child.
It is __PREFERABLE___ PREFER not to start speaking the new language to the child at home. The importance to
the child of associating parental relations with one particular language should not be __UNDERESTEMATED__
ESTIMATE and one can easily imagine how stress at school coupled with a sudden switch of language at home
may be interpreted by the child as a kind of __DENIAL___DENY, particularly at a moment of general upheaval
for the whole family.
VOCAB TASKS
1. Task: Which word can fit all these sentences
a. What we are starting to see is the _______ of the U. S. economy.
b."Good wool has a snap to it," says Seward, referring to the fibers' _______.
c. The lads have shown great _________ considering the problems we've had.
a. resilience b. growth c. improvement d. boost
2. Task: Inferring the meaning of a lexical item from the context
We knew he couldn’t hold out much longer, because he had been doomed from the beginning. One night he
met his ineluctable fate.
What does ‘ineluctable’ mean?
a. forgotten
b. inevitable
c. hidden
d. unhappy
3. Task: Attributing the correct meaning in the context
The word “envelop” in the sentence “We can turn away from a painting, but we can’t turn away from music,
and so a painting doesn’t envelop us in the same way music does” means
a. wrap b. affect c. involve completely d. effect
4. Task: Circle the correct word to make a collocation or an idiom (focus on fixed expressions with idiomatic
meaning)
We wanted to find out whether people really cannot _____ the difference between preschool art and the
works of great abstract expressionists.
a. tell b. say c. pronounce d. express
5. Task: What does the following lexical item mean? (in isolation)
If something or someone is indispensable, it means that they are
a. difficult to get rid of b. easy to get rid of c. important and vital d. important but not essential

VOCAB
1. Which word could fit all these sentences:
I’ve always _______ myself fortunate to have had such a good education.
I've always _______ Sophia among my closest friends.
We're still waiting for the votes to be ______.
a. considered b. counted c. thought
2. Their reasoning was to try to understand the story of how people can _____ positions of such power and
greed.
a. get b. reach c. attain d. deserve
3. Think of the word which best fits each gap. Use only one word in each gap.
After her husband died in Hawaii due to _____ health, Imelda ______ trial in the United States _____ behalf of
her husband.
a. ill, took, at b. ill, stood, on c. bad, took, on d. bad, stood, on
4. He describes it as an eternal story, in which her _____ can be seen as either _____ or in some ways
_______.
a. extravagance, distasteful, estimable b. extravagancy, distasteful, estimable
c. extravagancy, distasteful, estimated d. extravagance, distasteful, estimated
5. The adjective ‘respective’ means
a. full of respect b. relating to people/ things just mentioned
c. relating to people/ actions who/ which deserve our respect d. referring to a row of people
6. The brand is jumping on a bandwagon kickstarted by ethical brands such as Patagonia.
a. idea b. path c. journey d. a current trend
7. Read the paragraph
“They were not the sole sellers of beauty products. Mercers, spicers, vinegar-makers and wig-makers were all
cashing in on the popularity of perfumed products. Even simple shopkeepers were coming up with their own
concoctions to sell.”
Q: The word “concoctions” means
a. ideas b. perfumes c. products of various mixtures d. products of perfumes
8. If something or someone is indispensable, it means that they are
a. difficult to get rid of b. easy to get rid of
c. important and vital d. important but not essential
9. The sentence “Please say hello to your mother for me” has a similar meaning to the sentence
a. Please remember me to your mother.
b. Please remind me to your mother.
c. Please raise a memory of me to your mother.
10. The sentence “I don’t consider it so important” has a similar meaning to the sentence
a. I don’t set much store about it.
b. I don’t set much store by it. = IRRELEVANT FOR ME
c. I don’t put much store by it.
11. This ______, known as neuroplasticity, suggests there are concrete and _____ benefits _____ exercising
the brain.
a. phenomena, proved, to b. phenomenon, provable, to c. phenomenon, provable, of d.
phenomena, proved, of
12. He made allegations of _____ _________ against his _____ employers.
a. unfair, dismissing, former b. unfair, dismissal, formed
c. unfair, dismissal, formal d. unfair, dismissal, former

13. This programme could be linked to the historical theme I _____ above, with the presenter ______ what
farming was like at different periods in our regional history.
a. outlined, admitting b. outlined, emphasising c. referred,emphasising d. planned,
asserting
14. The verb “abate” means
a. to weaken b. to become slightly cheaper c. to decrease slightly in price d. all the
above
15. Read the paragraph
Although Smart Technology is still in its infancy, pilot schemes to promote and test it are already underway. 
Consumers are currently testing the new smart meters which can be used in their homes to manage electricity
use. There are also a number of demonstrations being planned to show how the smart technology could
practically work, and trials are in place to test the new electrical infrastructure. It is likely that technology will
be added in 'layers', starting with 'quick win' methods which will provide initial carbon savings, to be followed
by more advanced systems at a later date.

Q: The word 'underway' is closest in meaning to:

a. permanent b. complete c. beneficial d. in progress