Contracts Management
Principles & Practices
According to FIDIC
• Founded in 1913
• Expanded in 1945 to include 40 national associations
• Published first Conditions of Contract in 1957
• In 2004 has 64 member associations
• Headquarters in Switzerland
• Web Site : www.fidic.org
• Conditions of Contract for Construction (Red
Book)
• Conditions of Contract for Plant & Design
Build (Yellow Book)
• Conditions of Contract for EPC Turnkey
Projects (Silver Book)
• Short Form of Contracts (Green Book)
14.3 Contractor 14.6 Employer 14.7 Employer
submits gives Contractor makes the
Statement to the notice of amount payment to the
Employer considered due Contractor
Each of the <56d
monthly (or
otherwise)
interim <28d
payments
The final Employer verifies the draft final statement, Contractor
payment submits information
<42d
14.11 Contractor submits 14.11 Contractor 14.7 employer
draft final statement to the submits Final Statement makes payment
Employer and the 14.12 discharge
DAB: the persons so named in the contract or other persons appointed
under sub-clause (appointment of the dispute adjudication board)
• The several documents forming the Contract are to be taken as
mutually explanatory of one another, but in case of ambiguities or
discrepancies the same shall be explained and adjusted by the
Engineer who shall thereupon issue to the Contractor instructions
thereon and in such event, unless otherwise provided in the Contract,
the priority of the documents forming the Contract shall be as
follows:
• The Contract Agreement (if completed);
• The Letter of Acceptance;
• The Tender;
• Part II of these Conditions;
• Part I of these Conditions; and
• Any other document forming part of the Contract.
• Cl.1.9 Drawings • Cl.8.4 Adverse Climatic
• Cl.2.1 Site Conditions
• Cl.4.7 Setting Out • Cl.13.7 Legislation
• Cl.4.12 Unforeseeable • Cl.13.8 Changes in Cost
• Cl.4.24 Fossils • Cl.14.8 Delayed
payments
• Cl.7.4 Testing
• Cl.19.4 Force Majeure
• Cl.8.4 EoT
• Cl.13.1 Right to vary
– Prior to issue of TO
certificate
• Cl.13.2 Value Engineering
– Development risk with
Contractor
– Savings 50/50
CLAIMS & CONTRACTUAL PROCEDURES
Majority of construction projects worldwide are
administered by the FIDIC forms of contract.
FIDIC recognises delay and related costs and has
provisions related thereto. For example;
Sub-Clauses 8.4 & 20.1 (FIDIC 1999 Edition)
Clauses 44 & 53 (FIDIC 1987 Edition)
Unforeseeable ground conditions
Delayed drawings
Delayed payment
Lack of possession of site
Consequence of risk
Suspension
Force Majeure
Clause 20.1
o Sets out Contractor procedure
o Condition Precedent
o Not later than 28 days
o Sets out Engineer procedure
Contractor gives notice
Within 28 days
Contractor keeps contemporary records
o Engineer may monitor
o Engineer may instruct further records
Fully detailed claim
o Supporting documents
Within 42 days of event
Crucial for determination of claim
Records for any future dispute
Contractor obliged to keep records
Procedure for this work
Employer & Engineer to agree Engineer’s
actions
Cl.20.1 continuing procedure
After 42 days:
o Claim submission is considered interim
o Further monthly claims
Final claim with 28 days of end of effects