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Resultant Vectors and Their Applications

The document discusses resultant vectors and provides examples of calculating the resultant, magnitude, and angle between vectors in parallelograms. It provides the following examples: 1) Given vectors OP and OR that are sides of a parallelogram OPQR, it calculates the resultant vector OQ, its magnitude, and angle to the x-axis. 2) It provides exercises to calculate the resultant, magnitude, and angle for different vectors in various parallelograms. 3) It discusses dividing a line segment in a parallelogram in a given ratio and expressing lengths in terms of variables.

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Veeno Darveena
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310 views3 pages

Resultant Vectors and Their Applications

The document discusses resultant vectors and provides examples of calculating the resultant, magnitude, and angle between vectors in parallelograms. It provides the following examples: 1) Given vectors OP and OR that are sides of a parallelogram OPQR, it calculates the resultant vector OQ, its magnitude, and angle to the x-axis. 2) It provides exercises to calculate the resultant, magnitude, and angle for different vectors in various parallelograms. 3) It discusses dividing a line segment in a parallelogram in a given ratio and expressing lengths in terms of variables.

Uploaded by

Veeno Darveena
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Resultant Vectors

The resultant of two vectors can be found by ether completing a parallelogram if the vectors are going in
opposite directions or completing a triangle if the vectors are going in the same directions.
Example: Given that the position vectors OP = ()5
3
and OR = ( )
−9
6
are adjacent side of a parallelogram
OPQR, determine: of the two vectors, OQ.

(a) The resultant of the two vectors, OQ.


(b) The magnitude of OQ, IOQI.
(c) The acute angle between OQ and the x-axis.

Solution
(a) The resultant of two vectors, OQ = OP + OR = (53 ) + (−96) = (5+−9
3+ 6 ) =( )
−4
9
(b) IOQI =
Exercise
1. Given that the position vectors OP ( 41)and OR = (62) are adjacent sides of a parallogram OPQR,
determine
(a) The resultant of the two vectors, OQ
(b) The magnitude of OQ, IOQI
(c) The acute angle between OQ and the x-axis
2. The points P(3, 5) and R(7, 0) are opposite vertices of a parallelogram OPQR. Determine:
(a) The resultant of the two vectors, OQ
(b) The magnitude of OQ, IOQI
(c) The acute angle between OQ and the x-axis
3. Two opposite sides of a parallelogram OABCD are A(-8, 3) and C(-5, 7). Determine:
(a) The resultant of the two vectors, OB
(b) The magnitude of OB, IOBI
(c) The acute angle between OB and the x-axis.
4. Given that the position vectors OA = ( )
−6
5
and OB = ( )
−2
1
area adjacent sides of a parallelogram
OABC, determine:
(a) The resultant of the two vectors, OB
(b) The magnitude of OB, IOBI
(c) The acute angle between OB and the x-axis
5. The points K(-3, 8) and M(7, -4) are opposite vertices of a parallelogram OKLM. Determine:
(a) The resultant of the two vectors, OL
(b) The magnitude of OL, IOLI
(c) The acute angle between OL and the x-axis

Application of Vectors

ABCD is a quadrilateral, not drawn to scale, with AB = a, BC = b and AD = 2BC. The point X divides BD
in the ratio 3:2.
(a) Express BD and BX in terms of a and b
1
(b) Show that XC = (3a – b)
5
Question 1

[] []
1
(a) The position vector of a point P, relative to an origin O is given as OP = . m =
1
2
3
and n =[ ]
1
−3
are two
vectors in the same plane as OP. Given that PQ = m + 2n.
Calculate
(i) PQ, writing your answer in the form[] x
y
(ii) IPQI
(b) In the diagram below, not drawn to scale, M is the midpoint of CE. OF = a, OC = b and FE = 2 OF.

Express in terms of a and b in the simplified form


(i) CF
(ii) CE
(iii) CM
The point G is on CF produced so that CG = kCF where k is a scalar.
(iv) Express MG in terms of a, b and k.
(v) Determine the value of k for which MG = CO
Question 2
In the figure above, not drawn to scale, ABCD is a parallelogram such that DC = 3x and DA = 3y. The point
P is on DB such that DP: PB = 1:2.
(a) Express in terms of x and y:
(i) AB
(ii) DB
(iii) DP
(b) Show that AP =x -2y
(c) Given that E is the mid-point of DC, prove that A, P and E are collinear.
(d) Given that x =[] 2
0 [] 1
and y = , use a vector method to prove that triangle AED is isosceles.
1

Solution
(a) (i) AB = DC – equal in magnitude and parallel, as expected for opposite of a parallelogram ⸫AB =3x
(ii) Similarly as CB = DA =3y
BD = BC + CD
= 3y + (-3x) = 3y – 3x
(iii) DB = -(-3x – 3y) = 3x + 3y
1 1
Since DP : PB = 1 : 2, then DP = DB and DP = (3x + 3y) = x + y
3 3
(b) AP = x – 2y
= -(3y) + (x + y) = x – 2y
(c)

1
DE = 3x
2
1 1
AE = AD + DE = -(3y) + 1 x = 1 x – 3y
2 2
1 1 1
1 x – 3y = 1 (x – 2y) = 1 AP
2 2 2

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