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Experiment 2

The computed heat of reaction from heats of formation and combustion for the four compounds is similar to tabulated values. However, the calculated heat of reaction based on bond dissociation energy is higher than values based on formation and combustion heats from references. There are correlations between combustion properties and molecular structure of the compounds. Bond strength and length/angle affect carbon-carbon and carbon-hydrogen bond energies required for combustion. Molecular weight also correlates with boiling point and flash point, impacting ignition energy.

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Paul Uy
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66 views2 pages

Experiment 2

The computed heat of reaction from heats of formation and combustion for the four compounds is similar to tabulated values. However, the calculated heat of reaction based on bond dissociation energy is higher than values based on formation and combustion heats from references. There are correlations between combustion properties and molecular structure of the compounds. Bond strength and length/angle affect carbon-carbon and carbon-hydrogen bond energies required for combustion. Molecular weight also correlates with boiling point and flash point, impacting ignition energy.

Uploaded by

Paul Uy
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Comment on the discrepancy or agreement of the calculated heats of reaction with

tabulated heats of combustion.

The computed Heat of Reaction from Heat of Formation and the Heat of Combustion of the four
compounds taken with reference based-solutions is similar and have nearly identical values.

The calculated heat of reaction based on bond dissociation energy appears to be higher than
the heat of reaction based on formation and combustion heat from the references.;

From the structures of the four substances used in this experiment and your
observations, what possible correlations of combustion properties with molecular
structure exist?

1. The strength of the carbon-carbon bonds is one aspect of these hydrocarbons' molecular
structure that may be related to how well they combust. Bond length and bond angle
both affect how strong carbon-carbon bonds are. The bond strength decreases with
increasing bond length and increases with decreasing bond angle. As a result, the
energy needed to break carbon-carbon bonds during combustion can be associated with
the strength of the bonds.
2. Another possible correlation is the amount of energy necessary to rupture the bonds
between carbon and hydrogen is another factor. Bond length and bond angle both affect
how strong the carbon-hydrogen bond is. The bond strength decreases with increasing
bond length and increases with decreasing bond angle. As a result, the bond length and
bond angle are correlated to the energy needed to break the carbon-hydrogen bonds.
3. Evidently, there is a correlation between these hydrocarbons' molecular weight and their
ability to combust. The boiling point and flash point of the compound both increase with
the molecule's molecular weight. This may have an impact on the compound's
combustion characteristics because substances with higher boiling temperatures and
flash points may require more energy to ignite.

Based in your observations, what generalizations can you make about the products of
combustion substances.

According to our findings, combustion is a chemical reaction that happens when oxygen
is present and produces heat and light in the form of a flame. Water and carbon oxides are
created when the atoms of hydrogen and oxygen, found in the air, establish a connection.
However, when there are sufficient amounts of oxygen atoms, the Carbon-Oxygen reaction
results in Carbon dioxide (CO2).

In the experiment, the combustion of ethanol, hexane, toluene, and naphthalene


generates a color change, the evolution of heat, and the appearance of a gas. As a result of
incomplete combustion, the experiment eventually created soot, a lampblack substance that
continues to pose a hazard to the environment and contribute to global warming. As a result, the
color of the flame is dependent on temperature, with a yellow flame being significantly colder
than a lighter one. Because of this, the degree of fuel-oxygen mixing affects the temperature
itself.

Furthermore, we saw in the experiment that while toluene created a dark orange flame
and double the amount of soot than hexane did, the latter produced a flame that was
yellow-orange in color and with a lamp back smoke. While ethanol burns with a blue-orange
flame and a little amount of smoke, naphthalene produces a smokey, black soot much more
than ethanol generated.

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