ISO

INTERNATIONAL STANDARD 7597

First edition
1987-04-15

INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION FOR STANDARDIZATION

ORGANISATION INTERNATIONALE DE NORMALISATION
MEXjJYHAPOflHAR OPI-AHM3A~MR l-l0 CTAHfiAPTM3AuMM

Forged steel lifting hooks with Point and eye for use
with steel chains of grade T(8)

acier de classe T(8)

iTeh STANDARD PREVIEW
Crochets de levage forgt% en acier a bec et & aGl destinhs h &e utilish
avec des chahes en

([Link])
ISO 7597:1987
[Link]
cf524eb84d79/iso-7597-1987

Reference number
, ISO 7597 : 1987 (E)
Foreword
ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of
national Standards bodies (ISO member bedies). The work of preparing International
Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Esch member
body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has
the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, govern-
mental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take patt in the work.

Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to

the member bodies for approval before their acceptance as International Standards by
the ISO Council. They are approved in accordance with ISO procedures requiring at
least 75 % approval by the member bodies voting.
iTeh STANDARD PREVIEW
International Standard ISO 7597 was prepared by Technical Committee
ISO/TC 111,
([Link])
Round steel link chains, lifting hooks and accessories.

Users should note that all International Standards undergo revision ISO 7597:1987
from time to time
and that any reference made herein [Link]
to any other International Standard implies its
latest edition, unless otherwise stated. cf524eb84d79/iso-7597-1987

@ International Organkation for Standardkation, 1987 0

Printed in Switzerland
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 7597 : 1987 (E)

Forged steel lifting hooks with Point and eye for use
with steel chains of grade T(8)

1 Scope and field of application 3.4 ultimate strength: The maximum forte reached during
the tensile testing of the hook at the end of which the hook fails
This International Standard specifies requirements for forged to retain the load.
steel lifting hooks with Point and eye, as shown in the figure, in
a range of sizes having Performance compatibility with the cor-
responding nominal sizes of grade T(8) chain complying with 4 Form and dimensions
iTeh STANDARD PREVIEW
ISO 3076. Performance compatibility encompasses component
strength and the necessary physical dimensions.
4.1 Dimensions
([Link])
2 References The principal dimensions of the hooks shall comply with the re-
ISO 7597:1987 quirements of table 11) in which the hook dimensions are
ISO 643, Steels - Micrographic determina tion o f the ferritic or related to the nominal size of the chain.
[Link]
austenitic grain size.
cf524eb84d79/iso-7597-1987
In addition, the following requirements shall be met:
ISO 3076, Short link chain for lifting purposes - Grade T(8),
non- calibrated, for chain sfings, etc.
a) the actual Point height, B,, shall be equal to or greater
ISO 4778, Chain Slings of welded construction - Grades M(4), than the actual throat opening, 0, of the same hook (see
S(6) and T(8). the figure);
b) the actual throat opening, 0, shall not exceed 95 % of
ISO 7593, Chain Slings assembled by methods other than the actual seat diameter, D, of the same hook;
welding - Grade T(8).
c) the minimum value for E specified in table 1 (i.e.
1,75 d,), applies to hooks used in all-welded Slings; for
ISO 8539, Forged steel lifting components for use with grade
hooks used in Slings assembled by methods other than
T(8) chain.
welding, the minimum value for E shall be 2,0 d,;
d) if a safety latch is fitted, it shall be capable of closing
3 Definitions over the maximum diameter of bar which tan be admitted
through the actual throat opening, Ot, as indicated by the
31 working load limit (WLL): The maximum mass which a dotted lines in the figure.
hook is designed to sustain in general Service.
4.2 Form
3.2 working load (WL): The maximum mass which a hook
should be used to sustain in a particular stated Service. The form of the hook is not specified in detail. For example, a
minimum value of dimension E (as measured in any direction) is
3.3 proof forte, F,: A forte applied as a test to the hook as specified so that the eye of the hook tan accommodate a pin,
specified in clause 9. but the eye of the hook need not be circular.

1) Hooks of dimensions which do not comply with dimensions specified in table 1 may comply with the requirements laid down in ISO 8539.

1
 --

ISO 7597 : 1987 (EI

iTeh STANDARD ---

PREVIEW
([Link])
ISO 7597:1987
[Link]
cf524eb84d79/iso-7597-1987

Maximum diameter
of bar [sec 4.1 d)l

NOTE - This diagram is only intended to show where the dimensions are measured. lt does not purport to indicate any detailed design of any part of
the hook. (See 4.2.)

Figure - Dimensions of hooks

l
2
 ISO 7597 : 1987 (E)

Table 1 - Dimensions of hooks

Dimensions in millimetres
Working
load D 0 01 E F Nm L Lrn
Nominal
limit ( = 3,8 dJ ( = 2,s d”) ( = 2,7 dJ ( = 1,75 dJ (= 13 d,) ( = 4,3 d”) (= 15,5 d,) ( = 2,9 d,)
size
of chain 1) (WLL)
t min. min. min. min. max. max. max. max.
6 IJ Z8 l7,4 16,2 10,5 IO,8 25,8 93 l7,4
7 L5 26,6 20,3 18,s 12,3 12,6 30,l 108,5 20,3
8 2 30,4 23,2 21,6 14 14,4 34,4 124 23,2

10 32 38 29 27 l7,5 18 43 155 29
13 5,4 49,4 37,7 35,l Dt8 23,4 55,9 201,5 37,7
16 8 60,8 46,4 43,2 28 28,8 68,8 248 46,4

18 10 fw 52,2 4-W 31,5 32,4 77,4 279 52,2

19 11,5 72,2 55,l 51,3 33,3 34,2 81,7 294,5 55,l
20 12,5 76 58 54 35 36 86 310 58

22 15,5 83,6 63,8 594 38,5 39,6 94,6 341 63,8

23 16,s 87,4 66,7 62,l 40,3 41,4 98,s 356,5 66,7
25 20 95 72,5 67,5 43,8 45 107,5 387,5 72,5
26 21,6 98,8 75,4 70,2 45,5 46,8 Ill,8 403 75,4
28 25 106,4 81,2 75,6 49 50,4 120,4 434 81,2
32 32 121,6 92,8 86,4 56 57,6 137,6 496 92,8
36 40 136,8 104,4 97,2 63 64,8 154,8 558 104,4
40 50 152 116 108 70 72 172 620 116
45 63 171 130,5 121,5 78,8 81 193,5 697,5 130,5
1) iTeh STANDARD PREVIEW
Nominal diameter, d,, in millimetres

([Link])
NOTE - Hooks of dimensions which do not comply with the dimensions specified in table 1 may comply with the requirements laid down in ISO 8539.

5 Mechanical properties ISO 7597:1987 Table 2 - Mechanical properties of hooks

[Link]
cf524eb84d79/iso-7597-1987 Working
Proof Minimum
5.1 General Nominal load
limit forte ultimate
size strength
of chaini) W-L) Fe
I I
The mechanical properties of the hooks shall be as specified in I

t
I I

I I kN I kN
table 2 in which the hook properties are related to the nominal
size of the chain. 6 IJ 22,7 45,4
7 L5 30,8 61,6
8 2 40,3 80,6
5.2 Proof forte
10 3,2 63 126
13 5,4 107 214
Esch hook, tested in accordance with 8.2, shall be capable of 16 8 161 322
sustaining the proof forte specified in table 2 without a perma-
nent increase in the throat opening exceeding 0,5 % of the 18 10 204 408
actual throat opening or 0,2 mm, whichever is the greater. 19 11,5 227 454
20 12,5 252 504

5.3 Ultimate strength 22 15,5 305 610

23 16,s 333 666
25 20 393 786
Esch hook, tested in accordance with 8.3, shall have an
ultimate strength at least equal to that specified in table 2. 26 21,6 425 850
28 25 493 986
On completion of the test, the hook shall show evidente of an 32 32 1 288
increase in the throat opening.
36 40 815 1 630
40 50 1006 2 012
5.4 Fatigue resistance 45 63 1 273 2 546
1) Nominal diameter, d,, in millimetres
Hooks with a working limit of up to and including 10 t, when
tested in accordance with 8.4, shall, after at least 10 000 cycles, NOTE - The values given in this table are the same as the values for
be capable of retaining the load. grade T(8) chain specified in ISO 3076.
 ISO 7597 : 1987 (EI

6 Materials and heat treatment temperature. When requested, for verification, Sample hooks
shall be tested after they have been re-heated to 400 OC, main-
tained at that temperature for 1 h and then cooled to room
6.1 Quality of material temperature.

6.1.1 General
7 Manufacturing methods and workmanship
The steel used shall be produced by the open-hearth, the elec- The hook shall be forged hot in one piece. lt shall be free from
tric or an Oxygen-blown process and shall possess reliable forg- any harmful surface defects, including Cracks.
ing quality.

In its finished state, as supplied to the hook manufacturer, the 8 Type testing
steel shall comply with the requirements specified in 6.1.2, as
determined by check analysis on the bar or finished hook. 8.1 General
Type tests demonstrate that hooks certified by the manufac-
6.1.2 Specific requirements turer as complying with the requirements laid down in this
International Standard possess the mechanical properties
The steel shall be fully killed, and shall contain alloying specified in this International Standard. The purpose of these
elements in sufficient quantities to guarantee the mechanical tests is to prove the design, material, heat treatment and
properties of the hook after appropriate heat treatment. The method of manufacture of each size of finished hook. Any
alloy steel used shall contain at least two of the following alloy- Change in design, material specification, heat treatment,
ing elements : method of manufacture or in any dimension outside normal
manufacturing tolerantes which may lead to a modification of
- nickel; the mechanical proper-Ges defined in clause 5 shall require that
- the type tests specified in 8.2 to 8.4 be carried out on the
chromium;
- molybdenum.
iTeh STANDARD PREVIEW modified hook.

Its content of Sulfur

([Link])
and phosphorus shall be restricted as
All hooks to be type tested shall comply with all the other re-
quirements laid down in this International Standard. The tests
specified in table 3. specified in 8.2 to 8.4 shall be carried out on each size of hook
ISO 7597:1987
of each design, material, heat treatment and method of
[Link]
manufacture.
Table 3 - Sulfur and phosphorus content cf524eb84d79/iso-7597-1987
In the tests specified in 8.2 to 8.4, the forte shall be applied to
Maximum content, % (mlm), as determined by the hook axially without shock, using a component of diameter
Fr- cast analysis 1 check analysis 1 approximately equal to two-thirds of the actual seat diameter of
the hook.
, 1;:i;hor”s~E5 1 0:: I 8.2 Deformation test
The steel shall be made in conformity with fine grain practice in Three samples shall be tested and each shall be capable of sus-
Order to obtain an austenitic grain size of 5 or finer when tested taining the proof forte specified for the hook in table 2 without
in accordance with ISO 643. This could be achieved, for exam- permanent deformation, as measured across the throat of the
ple, by ensuring that it contains sufficient aluminium or an hook, exceeding 0,5 % of the actual throat opening or 0,2 mm,
equivalent element to permit the manufacture of hooks stabi- whichever is the greater,
lized against strain-age embrittlement during Service; a
minimum value of 0,02 % (mlm) of metallic aluminium is given NOTE - See also clause 9 for proof testing of all hooks, where re-
for guidance. quired.

Within the limitations specified above, it is the responsibility of 8.3 Static strength test
the hook manufacturer to select steel so that the finished hook,
suitably heat-treated, camplies with the requirements for the NOTE - This test may be carried out on the same hooks that have
mechanical properties specified in this International Standard. been submitted to the deformation test.

Three samples shall be tested and each shall have an ultimate

6.2 Heat treatment strength at least equal to the minimum value specified for the
hook in table 2.
All hooks shall be heat treated in such a way as to achieve the
required mechanical and metallurgical properties. lt is not necessary to test the hook up to its actual ultimate
strength for the mechanical property specified to be
Hooks tan be used up to a maximum temperature of 400 OC demonstrated. lt is sufficient that the minimum ultimate
(sec ISO 3056) without impairment or Change to their strength specified is exceeded and that the hook deforms
metallurgical and mechanical properties when returned to room significantly at the maximum forte of the test.

4
 ISO 7597 : 1987 (E)

8.4 Fatigue test NOTE - If the hooks are used as part of a chain Sling assembly, grade
T(8), complying with either ISO 4778 or ISO 7593, the proof testing re-
Hooks with a working load limit of up to and including 10 t shall quirements laid down in those International Standards apply.
be su bjected to the fatigue test . Three samples shall be tested.

The forte range applied during each cycle shall be equal to 10 Manufacturer’s certificate
0,75 times the proof forte specified in table 2 for the hook. The
When the type testing as specified in clause 8 has been carried
minimum forte in each cycle shall be positive and less than or out with satisfactory results, the manufacturer may issue cer-
equal to 3 kN. The frequency of forte application shall be be- tificates of conformity for hooks of the same nominal dimen-
tween 5 and 25 Hz. The samples tested shall be capable of sus- sions, size, material, heat treatment and method of manufac-
taining at least 10 000 cycles of the forte range specified above ture as the hooks tested.
without failing to retain the load.
The manufacturer shall keep a record, for at least 10 years after
8.5 Acceptance criteria for type testing the last certificate has been issued, of the material specifica-
tion, heat treatment, dimensions, test results and all relevant
data concerning the hooks which have satisfied the type tests.
8.51 Deformation test (see 8.2)
This record shall also include the manufacturing specifications
which shall apply to subsequent production.
All three samples tested shall pass the deformation test in Order
for the hook of the size submitted for type testing to comply Any Change in material specification, in method of manufac-
with this International Standard. ture, in heat treatment or in any dimension outside normal
manufacturing tolerantes of a hook which may lead to a
8.52 Static strength test and fatigue test (see 8.3 and 8.4) modification of the mechanical proper-Ges as specified in
clause 5 shall be considered as a design Change. Tests in ac-
If all three samples pass the test, the hook of the size su bmitted cordante with clause 8 shall be required before the manufac-
for type testing camplies with this International Standard. turer is permitted to issue certificates of conformity for any
modif ied design .
iTeh STANDARD PREVIEW
If one of the samples fails, two further samples shall be tested
and both shall pass the test in Order for the hook of the size
([Link])
11 Marking
submitted for type testing to comply with this International
Standard.
Esch hook shall be legibly and indelibly marked in a manner
ISO 7597:1987which will not impair the mechanical proper-Ges of the hook.
If two or three samples fail the test, the hook of the size sub-
[Link]
mitted for type testing does not comply with this International This marking shall include at least the following information
Standard. cf524eb84d79/iso-7597-1987
placed on the hook by the manufacturer:

a) the nominal size of the chain with which the hook is

9 Proof test compatible;
b) the grade letter or number, T or 8;
If required by the purchaser, by national regulations or by other
Standards, rules or tests, each finished hook (i.e. after Cl manufacturer’s identification mark or Symbol;
manufacture, heat treatment and machining, including protec- d) any marking required by national Standards, statutory
tive coating, if applied) shall be subjected to the appropriate regulations or by agreement between the manufacturer and
proof specified in table 2, which it shall sustain without perma- the purchaser.
nent deformation, as measured across the throat of the hook,
exceeding 0,5 % of the actual throat opening or 0,2 mm, NOTE - Care should be taken to ensure that the marking applied
whichever is the greater. not be mistaken for the working load of the hook.
ISO 7597 : 1987 (El

iTeh STANDARD PREVIEW

([Link])
ISO 7597:1987
[Link]
cf524eb84d79/iso-7597-1987

U DC 621.86.061
Desctiptors : lifting equipment, lifting hooks, specifications, dimensions, tests, certification, marking.

Price based on 5 pages