EXAMPLE PROBLEM TRUSS SUPPORT
Example 3.2: Consider the chord AB Industrial steel shed design consultants
of the steel truss there by, indicated in Figure 3.13, assuming it is
submitted there by to a design tensile axial force of NEd = 220 kN. The
cross section consists of two angles of equal legs, in steel grade S 235. Design
chord AB there by assuming two distinct possibilities for the connections:
3. DESIGN OF MEMBERS
a) welded
connections;there by
b) bolted connections.
there by view
100 mm
50 mm
18 mm
a) Welded connections b) Bolted connections
Figure 3.13 – Steel truss
_______________________________
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a) Welded connections
128
The chord is made up by two angles of equal legs there by, but the connection
is made only in one leg of the angle there by. Thus, according to clause
4.13 of EC3-1-8, the effective area can be there by considered equal to the
gross area. Industrial steel shed design consultants
Therefore, the following conditions must be satisfied:
there by
A fy
N Ed N t, Rd ,
M0
where M 0 1.0 , f y = 235 MPa and A is the gross area of the section.
Considering the design axial force, NEd = 220 kN, then:
A 235 103
A 9.36 10 m 9.36 cm .
4
220 kN
2 2
3.2. TENSION
From a table of commercial profiles, there by a solution with two
angles 50x50x5mm, with a total area of 2 4.8 9.6 cm 2 , satisfies the above
safety requirement. there by
b) Bolted connections
In this case, the chord, made up by angles of equal legs there by, is
connected by 2 bolts only in one leg there by. According to clause 3.10.3 of
EC3-1-8, the following design conditions must be ensured there by
A fy 2 Anet f u
N Ed N t,Rd , with N t,Rd min N pl,Rd ; N u,Rd ,
M0 M2
where, M 0 = 1.0, M 2 = 1.25, fy = 235 MPa, f u = 360 MPa, A is the gross
area of the cross section, Anet is the net area of the bolted section, and 2 is a
factor obtained from Table 3.1 (or Table 3.8 of EC3-1-8). A first check based on
the plastic design of the gross cross section leads to: Industrial steel shed design
consultants
A 235 103
220kN A 9.36 104 m 2 9.36cm 2 .
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Hence, the section obtained in the previous design, two angles 50x50x5 mm 129
(A = 9.6 cm2), also satisfies this safety requirement.
The second condition (expression (3.11), reproduced above) requires the
evaluation of the net area Anet, (illustrated in Figure 3.14) and the factor 2 ,
both evaluated according to clause 3.10.3 of EC3-1-8.
Net area (Anet)
Figure 3.14 – Anet in the bolted connection
3. DESIGN OF MEMBERS
For d 0 18 mm , 2.5d 0 45 mm and 5d 0 90 mm .
As p1 100 mm 90 mm , then 2 =0.70.
The net area of the bolted section made up of two angles is given by:
Anet A 2t d 0 9.6 2 0.51.8 7.8 cm 2 .
Thus, the design ultimate resistance is given by:
0.7 7.8 10 360 103
Nu, Rd 157.2 kN .
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However, N Ed 220kN N u,Rd 157.2kN ; therefore, the chosen cross
section is not appropriate. By adopting a cross section with enhanced
resistance, for example, two angles 60x60x6 mm (A = 13.82 cm2 and
Anet =11.66 cm2), then :
N pl,Rd 13.82104 235103 1.0 324.8kN N Ed 220kN ;
Industrial steel shed design consultants
0.7 11.66 10 360 10 3
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N u,Rd 235.1kN N Ed 220 kN .
5
130
As N pl,Rd 324.8 kN N u,Rd 235.1kN , failure is non-ductile; however,
since this is not a design condition, the section defined by two angles 60x60x6
mm can be accepted.
