Muscular System
Chapter 7
Muscular System Notes Part 1: Muscle Anatomy
Questions Notes
I. The Muscular System
body movements
• Muscles are responsible for all types of _________________________
– they contract or shorten and are the machine of the body
• Three basic muscle types are found in the body
What
are
the
o Skeletal muscle
3
basic
types
o Cardiac muscle
of
muscle
o Smooth muscle
found
in
the
body?
II. Function of Muscles
support
1. ________________ the body
2. Allow for ________________
movement by making bones and other body parts
move
3. Maintain constant ______________________
body temperature
4. Assist in movement of _____________________
cardiovascular veins and ________
lymph
List
the
5. ______________
protect internal organs and _______________
stabilize joints
functions
of
the
muscular
III. Anatomy of a Skeletal Muscle
system.
A. Organization of Skeletal Muscle
Sarcomere:
Sarcomere
units of
Muscle Fascicle:
Fascicle Muscle
a bundle of myofibrils
belly Fiber:
Fiber responsible for
muscle fibers muscle cell the striated
appearance
Myofibrils: Myofilament: Myosin:
Myosin
Myofilament
structures protein
thick
that make filaments
filaments that
up a muscle make up a
List
&
Actin:
Actin thin
fiber sarcomere
describe
the
\\\\\ filaments
tissues
surrounding
skeletal
muscle.
Describe
the
structures
that
make
up
B. Coverings of Skeletal Muscle
the
skeletal
muscle.
• Skeletal muscles are organs
o They contain muscle fibers, nerves and blood vessels
o Connective tissue membranes separate each muscle structure
• ______________
fascia - layer of fibrous tissue that separates muscles from
each other and from the skin
• Coverings from largest to smallest:
What
and
o _________________
epimysuim – covers
where
are
the entire skeletal muscle
muscle
o _________________
perimysium –
attached?
surrounds a bundle of muscle fibers
(fascicle)
o _________________
endomysium –
surrounds a single muscle fiber
C. Skeletal Muscle Attachments
• Epimysium blends into a connective tissue
attachment, the tendon
o Tendon - _________________
cord like structure
• Sites of muscle attachment
o Bones, Cartilages, and Connective
tissue coverings
What
is
a
A. Microscopic Anatomy of Muscle __________
fiber
sarolemma?
(muscle cell)
• Cells are multinucleate
o Nuclei are just beneath the membrane
What
is
a
• _____________________
sarcolemma – specialized
sarcoplasmic
plasma membrane
reticulum?
sarcoplasmic reticulum
• ___________________________ –
specialized smooth endoplasmic reticulum
What
are
involved with muscle contraction
myofibrils?
• ________________
myofibril
o Bundles of myofilaments
What
is
o Myofibrils are aligned to give distinct
responsible
for
the
striated
bands
appearance
of
_______ band = I band
§ light
skeletal
§ ______
dark band = A band
muscle?
___________________
• sarcomere
o Contractile unit of a muscle fiber
What
are
sarcomeres?
• Organization of the sarcomere:
o thick myosin
________ filaments = ________ protein
What
are
the
thin actin
o _____ filaments = ___________ protein
names
of
the
o Myosin and actin overlap somewhat in the
filaments
that
sarcomere
make
up
a
• Myosin filaments have heads (extensions) that
sarcomere?
can ‘grab’ onto actin forming a
_______________________
crossbridge
________________________________________________________________________________________________
Learning Goals
1) List the 5 functions of the muscular system.
2) Describe the organization of a skeletal muscle from largest structure to
smallest.
3) Describe the sarcomere, including the structure of the two myofilaments.
Muscular System
Chapter 7
1. support the body, allow for movement, maintain body temperature, assist movement of cardiovascular,and
protect internal organs
2. Actin/myosin, myofilament, myofibrils, sarcomere, muscle fibers, fascicle, and muscle.
3. Contractile unit of a muscle fiber. thick filaments are myosin and thin filaments are actin
