Scribd
Upload
192 views3 pages

Understanding Work and Energy Units

Work is done when a force causes an object to move in the direction of the force. Work can be calculated as force times displacement. There are also different types of energy like kinetic energy from motion, potential energy from position or configuration, and mechanical energy from motion and position. The total energy in a closed system remains constant according to the law of conservation of energy. Power is the rate at which work is done and can be calculated as force times velocity or voltage times current for electrical systems.

Uploaded by

Avinash Mansuk
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
192 views3 pages

Understanding Work and Energy Units

Work is done when a force causes an object to move in the direction of the force. Work can be calculated as force times displacement. There are also different types of energy like kinetic energy from motion, potential energy from position or configuration, and mechanical energy from motion and position. The total energy in a closed system remains constant according to the law of conservation of energy. Power is the rate at which work is done and can be calculated as force times velocity or voltage times current for electrical systems.

Uploaded by

Avinash Mansuk
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Work and Energy

 Condition for scientifically work to be done

o There must be a displacement


o Displacement of an object must be in the direction of applied force

 Work done by a constant force is defined as Work = Force × Displacement [along the
direction of force]

W = F × s [Unit – Joule, 1 J = 1 N-m]

 Work done against gravity = Weight × Height = mgh

 Condition for the Negative Work done

Force and displacement must be in opposite direction

 Conditions for no work done

o No displacement (e.g. a boy pushes the wall )


o Displacement occurs perpendicularly to the applied force(e.g. in case of circular motion,
there is no work done by the centripetal force )

 Energy : Capacity to do work is called energy.


 There are various form of energy e.g. heat energy, mechanical energy, nuclear energy, light
energy etc.

 Mechanical Energy: It is caused by the motion or the position and configuration of the
object.

 Kinetic energy: A body possesses kinetic energy by virtue of its motion.

mv2

 Proof

v2 – u2 = 2as
The kinetic energy of the wind is used in windmills to generate electricity.

Relationship between kinetic energy and momentum

K.E. =12pm2p2 =2mK=2mK (where K =Kinetic energy)

 Potential energy: A body possesses potential energy by virtue of its configuration or


position.

 Gravitational potential energy

PE = mgh [ h = height of object from the earth surface ]


 Elastic potential energy
[Where x = compression or elongation in the spring]

 Law of conservation of energy

o The total amount of energy in a system always remains constant.

Power: It is defined as rate of doing work.

1Horse Power = 746Watts

For electric appliances,

power = voltage × current

Energy consumed in time t = Power × time.

Power is also defined as the product of force and average speed.


P=F×v

 The commercial unit of energy is kilowatt-hour (kWh).


1kWh = 3.6 ×106 J

 The amount of electrical energy consumed in our house is expressed in terms of ‘units’,
where

1 unit = 1kWh

You might also like