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ABERDEEN DRILLING SCHOOL
PRE - COURSE HYDROSTATICS EXERCISE
PRE COURSE HYDROSTATICS EXERCIS!
1. Define the following
a.) Fluid Gradient
b.). Specific Gravity
c.) Hydrostatic Pressure
2. Calculate the specific gravity of:
a.) 30°API Oil
b.) 43° API Oil
c.) 23°APLOBM
d.) 12 Ib/gal Brine
©) 14 ppg B
ne
£.) 9 Ib/gal Brine
3. What is the hydrostatic pressure in the following examples?
a) LI ppg fluid to 3,600 ft
b.) 6,000 ft of fluid with a gradient of 0.365 psi/f
c.)_ 36° API fluid to 8700 ft.
Aberdeen Drilling Schools 2006 Rev 3 11/06 14 4,
5
ABERDEEN DRILLING SCHOOL
PRE - COURSE HYDROSTATICS EXERCISE
‘What is the bottom hole pressure in the tubing of a well with the following
conditions?
TVD 18,300 ft
32° API oil t 8500 ft MD (6500 ft'TVD)
0.6 SG Gas to surface (use tables in manual)
SITHP of 1,050 psi
Using the following information:
TD 9,400 ft TVD/MD.
"XN" Nipple at 9,150 ft TVD/MD
Packer at 8,800 ft TVD/MD
SSD at 8,750 ft TVD/MD
‘The well has a SITHP of 800 psi, 36° API Fluid to 6,500 ft, gas of
gradient 0.04 psisft
Annulus is filled with a 9 ppg brine.
a.) Calculate differential pressure between annulus and tubing at the "SSD".
.) Explain what you would do to tubing head pressure before opening the SSD and
why.
‘Aberdeen Drilling Schools 2006 Rev 3 11/06 ABERDEEN DRILLING SCHOOL.
PRE - COURSE HYOROSTATICS EXERCISE
RE COURSE HYDROSTATICS EXERCISE : ANSWER:
(b)
©
)
(b)
(©)
(@)
e)
fO}
(a)
(b)
«)
The fluid gradient is the rate of i
and is usually expressed in psi/ft.
Specific Gravity (Sg.) is the ratio of the density a substance compared to
an accepted standard density e.g. fresh water (for a liquid),
The hydrostatic pressure of a fluid is the pressure exerted by a stationary
column of fluid.
rease or decrease of pressure with depth
Formula to give Specific Gravity (Sg.) from an API Gravity is
14.5
1315 + APE
Sg. = 141.5 + (131.5 +30) = 1415 + 161.
Sg. = 1415 + (131.5 +43) = 141.5 + 174.
Sg. = 141.5 + (131.5 +23) = 141.5 + 154.
0.88
=0.81
0.92
ww
Fluid density
Specific Gravity (Sg) =
Density of fresh water
Sg.=12+834= 144
Sg. = 14+ 8.34 = 1.68
Sg.= 9 +8.34= 1.08
Hydrostatic Pressure = PPG x 0.052 x TVD
Pressure Gradient x TVD
HP. = 11 x 0.052 x 3600 = 2059.2 psi
HP. = 0.365 x 6000 = 2190 psi
1415
Sg
131.5 + APE
Sg. (oil) = 141.5 + (131.5 + 36) = 141.5 + 167.5 = 0.845
To convert Sg. to a pressure gradient (psi/ft) multiply Sg. by 0.433 (gradient
of fresh water in psi/ft)
Pressure Gradient (oil) = Sg. x 0.433
845 x 0.433 = 0.366 psi/ft
366 x 8700 = 3184.2 psi
HP.
Aberdeen Drilling Schools 2006 Rev 3 11/06 13 (a)
(b)
ABERDEEN DRILLING SCHOOL
PRE - COURSE HYDROSTATICS EXERCISE
BHP = Surface Pressure + Hydrostatic Pressures
SITHP + Hydrostatic Oil + Hydrostatic Gas
where:
SITHP 1050 psi
Sg (oil) = 141.5 +(13 1.5 + 32) = 141.5 + 163.5 = 0.865
Pressure Gradient (oil) = 0.865 x 0.433 = 0.374 psi/ft
0.6 Sg. Gas has a correction factor of 1.145 at 6500 ft TVD (from tables)
Hydrostatic Oi
Hydrostatic Gas
374 x (18300-6500) = 0.374 x 11800 = 4413.2 psi
(CF-1) x SITHP = 0.145 x 1050 = 152.25 psi
BHP = 1050 + 4413.2 + 152.25 = 5615.45 psi
Hydrostatic (annulus) = 9 x 0.052 x 8750 = 4095psi
BHP (SSD) = SITHP + Hydrostatic (oil) + Hydrostatic (gas)
where:
SITHP = 800 psi
Sg (oi + (131.5 +36) = 141.5 + 167.5 = 01
Pressure Gradient (oil) = 0.845 x 0.433 = 0.366 psi/ft
BHP (SSD)
800 + (0.3 x 2250) + (0.04 x 6500)
Pressure Differential is 4095-1883.5
=2211.5 psi between annulus and tubing at SSD
A plug could be placed in the "XN" nipple and the tubing pressured up to 301.5 psi
before opening the SSD i.e. pressures would be equalised, avoiding the possibility
of blowing the toolstring up the hole.
Alternatively, inhibited brine could be lubricated into the tubing above the plug,
increasing BHP until balanced with annulus.
Aberdeen Drilling Schools 2006 Rev 3 11/06
