NIGER DELTA UNIVERSITY Wilberforce Island, Bayelsa State August (2005)

USE OF ENGLISH (Section A)

1 ESSAY QUESTION: Write an essay of between 150 words on the relevance of science and technology in
national development.

Fill the spaces in the sentence with the most suitable alternative
2 We listened attentively but we could not __ what he meant. (a) make out (b) make for (c) make off (d) make in
(e) make up
3 She dresses to __ (a) look for people's eyes (b) catch people's eyes ( c) open people's
( d) shine people's eyes
4 He kept his calm even _all the difficulties (a) when faced with (b) face against (c) face off (d) inspite of the
5 Did you hear of the __ between the two leaders? (a) face with (b) face against (c) face-off {d) face-on (e)
face-in
Which alternative best expresses the meaning of the underlined sentence

6 If he came I would have done it (a)He came and I did it (b) He will come and I will do (c) He did not come and I
did not do it (d) He could have come and I would have done It (e) I did it though he did no come.
7 If doing it were the end of all, then it should be done quickly (a) Undertaking the act is the end of it all (b) Do it
quickly, because doing it is the end of the matter (c) Performing the deed is not the end of the act (d) Do the
deed quickly if doing it is right (e) Do the deed now and nothing will happen.
8 Make hay while sun shines (a) Shout hay when the sun is shining (b) sunshine is the right time for everything
(c) Do the rite thing at the rite-time (d) Do the right thing at the right time ( e) Sunshine is always the time to
do the right thing.

Which of the alternatives is the best antonym of the word underlined in the sentence
9 He acts like a buffoon (a) an idiot (b) a wise man (c) a half-wit (d) oaf (e) scallywag
10 He did it by design (a) adversity (b) accident {c) mishap (d) misshape (e) charity

MATHEMATICS (section B)

11 Father reduced the quantity of food bought for the family by 10% when found that the cost of living had
increased by 15%. Thus the fractional increase in the family food bill now is (a) 1/12 (b) 6/35 (c) 19/300 (d)
5/200 (e) 7/200
12 In a geometric progression the first term is 153 and the 6 term is 17/27. The sum of the first four(4) terms is (a)
860/3 (b) 680/3 (c) 608/3 (d) 806/3 (e) 680/27
13 The solution of equation x2- 2x = 8 is (a) X=O or 2 (b) X= -2 or 4 (c) X= -4 or 2 (d) X=2 or4
14 Solve the simultaneous linear equations: 2x+5y = 11, 7x-4y =2 (a)x=-8,y=1 (b) x =2, y=4 (c) x=2, y=-3 (d) x=-
34/27, y=73/27 (e)x =346/189, y=-73/27
15 In one and a half hours, the minute hand of the clock rotates through an angle of: (a) 90° (b) 180° (c) 64° (d)
45° (e) 54°
16 The sum of the roots of a quadratic equation is 5/2 and the product of its roots is 4. The quadratic equation is:
(a) 2x2 +5x +8 (b) 2x2+5x=0 (c) 2x2+8x+5=0 (d) 2x2+8x-5=0 (e) 2x2-5x-8=0
17 A rectangular lawn has an area of 1815 square yards: If its length is 50 metres. find its width in meters, given
that 1 metre equals 1.1 yards.(a) 39.93 (b) 35.00 (c) 33.00 (d) 30.00
18 Two brothers invested a total of #5,000.00 on a farm project. The farm yield was sold for #15,000.00 at the
end of the season. If the profit was shared in the ratio of 2:3, what is the difference in the amount of profit
received by the brothers? (a) #2,000 (b) #4,000 (c) #6,000 (d) #10,000
19 List the integral values of which satisfy the inequality -1 <5-2x<7. (a) -1, 0, 1, 2 (b) 0,1, 2,3 (c) -1,0,1,2,3
(d)-1,0,2,3
20 A quadrant of a circle of radius 6cm is cut away from each comer of a rectangle 25 cm long and 18cm wide.
Find the perimeter of the remaining figure. [a] 38cm [b] (38 +12π)cm [c] (86-127π)cm
[d] (86- 67π)cm
21 What are the values of which satisfy the equation: 9y -4(3y)+3=0 (a)-1 and 0 (b)-1 and 1 (c) 1 and 3 (d) 0
and 1
22 Two numbers are chosen at random from three numbers 1,3,6. Find the probability that the sum of
the two is not odd. (a) 2/3 (b) 1/2 (c) 1/3 (d} 1/6
23 Y varies inversely as X2 and X varies directly as Z2. Find the relationship between Y and Z, if C is a
constant. (a) Z2Y =C (b)Y=CZ2 (c)Y=CZ4 (d)Y = C4Z
24 A cylindrical pipe made of metal is 3cm thick, if the internal radius of the pipe is 10cm, find the volume
of metal used in making 3m of the pipe. (a) 153πcm3 (b} 207cm3 (c) 15,300cm3 (d) 20,700πcm3
25 Below are the scores of a group of students in a test
Scores 1 2 3 4 5 6
No. of students 1 4 5 6 x 2
If the average scores is 3.5, find the value of x. (a) 18 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) 4
26 One angle of a rhombus is 60°. The shorter of the two diagonals is 8cm long. Find the length of the
longer one. (a) 8 (b) 16 (c) 510
27 If 3 gallons of spirit containing 20% water are added to 5 gallons of another spirit containing 15%
water, what percentage of the mixture is water? {a) 2 4/5 % (b) 16 7/8 % (c) 18 1/8 % (d) 18 7/8 %
28 Factorize 9p2q2+ 6qr9r2 [a] (3p-3q +r) (3pq -9r) [b] 6p-3q +3r) (3qp - 4r) [c] (3pq+ 3r) (3p + q - 3r) [d] (3q
- 3p + 3r)(3qp + 3r)
29 Determine the distance on the earth's surface between two towns P(Lat.60°N Long.20°E) and
Q(Lat.60°N Long.25°W). (Radius of the earth =6400km) (a)6009 (b) 800/9 (c) 800km (d) 900km
30 Solve (3.2)2 - (1-8)2 equals (a) 7 (b) 2.56 (c)13.48 (d) 2.0 (e) 0.07.

PHYSICS (Section C)
31 The frictional force between two bodies (a) exists only when there is relative motion or tendency for
motion, (b) acts so as to oppose the motion ( c) depends on the normal reaction between the two
surfaces (d) relatively independent of the area in contact (e) has all of these characters.
32 The statements below were made by some students describing what happened during the
determination of the melting point of solids. 1) The temperature of the solid was constant until
melting started. 2) The temperature of the solid rose until melting started. 3)During melting, the
temperature was rising. 4) During melting, the temperature was constant. 5) The temperature
continued to rise after all the solid had melted. 6) Then the temperature stopped rising after all the
solid had melted. Which of the following gives correct statement in the right order (a) 2, 4 and 5 (b) 2,
3 and 6 (c) 1, 3 and 6 (d) 1,3 and 5 (e) 1, 4 and 5.
33 Three 5ohm resistors connected in parallel have a potential difference of 60v applied across the
combination. The current in each resistor is (a) 4A (b) 36A (c) 12A (d) 24A (e) 10A.
34 A herdsman yelling out to a fellow herdsman heard his voice reflected by a cliff 4s later. What is the
velocity of sound in air if the cliff is 680m away, ( a) 170ms-1 (b) 136ms-1 ( c) 340ms-1 (d) 680ms-1 (e)
510ms-1
35 Which of the following is true for the image formed by a convex mirror. (I) the image is always virtual,
(II) the image is always erect (III) the image lies between pole and focus
(IV) the image is never magnified (V) the focal length is negative. (a) I only (b) I and II only (c) II and Ill
only (d) I, II, III and IV (e) IV and V.
36 A 500kg car which was initially at rest travelled with an acceleration of 5m sec-2, its kinetic energy after
4 seconds was_(a) 105J (b)2.5 x 103J (c)2 x 103J (d)5 x 103J (e) 5 x 105J
37 Which one of the following types of waves cannot travel through a vacuum? (a) sound waves (b) light
waves (c) infrared waves (d) X-radiation (e) radio waves
38 When the vapor of a substance is in equilibrium with its own liquid, it is said to be (a) gaseous (b)
unsaturated (c) liquefied (d) diffused (e) saturated
39 If a given mass of gas at constant pressure obeys the relation, volume is proportional to the absolute
temperature. The gas is said to obey (a) Hooke's law (b) Boyle's law (c) Daltons' law (d) Charles's law
(e) Newton's law
40 Radio carrier waves are generated by causing electrons to oscillate rapidly in (a) a microphone (b) a
television camera (c) antenna (d) coaxial cable (e) a transmitter
41 Which of the following statements about the compound microscope and astronomical telescope is/are
correct? I. The final image of a compound microscope is located at infinity, II. The final image of the
astronomical telescope is always erect, III. The objective lens of a compound microscope has a very
short focal length {a) I only {b) II only (c) III only (d) I and III (e) II and III.
42 Two cells, each of e.m.f 1.5V and an internal resistance 2ohms are connected in parallel. calculate the
current flowing when the cells are connected to a 1ohm resistor (a) 0.75 ohm (b) 1.5 ohms (c)0.5 ohm
(d) 1.0 ohm (e) 0.6 ohm.
43 The spectrum of white light consists of colored lights arranged in the following. (a) blue, red, green,
yellow, indigo, violet, orange (b) red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, violet (c) red, orange, yellow,
indigo, green, blue, violet (d) indigo, green, blue, violet, yellow, red, orange (e) yellow, blue, green,
violet, orange, indigo, red
44 Which of the following types of motion are oscillatory? I. A diving board when used by a diver II. The
motion of the balance wheel of a wristwatch III. The motion of the turntable of a record player IV.
The motion of the center of a ten-kobo piece as it rolls down an inclined plane. V. The motion of the
needle of a D.C. ammeter into which a low AC current is passed, (a) I and II only (b) I, II and III (c) II, III
and IV (d) I, II and V (e) III, IV and V
45 Which of the following is NOT a force? (a) Friction (b) tension (c) upthrust (d) weight (e) impulse.
46 A convex mirror is used as a driving mirror because, I. Its image is erect II. It has a large field of view Ill.
It has a long focal length (a) I and III only (b) I and II only (c) II and Ill only (d) I, II and III {e) I only
47 An arrow beam of white light can be split up into different colors by a grass prism. The correct
explanation is that (a) white light is an electromagnetic wave (b) the prism has all the colors of the
white light, (c) white light has undergone total internal reflection in the prism (d) different colors of
white light travel with different speeds in glass (e) white light consists of yellow, green and red colors.
48 On which of the following does the operation of a moving coil ammeter depend? I. electromagic
induction II. Force on a current carrying conductor in a magnetic field III. magnetic effect of an electric
current(a) I only (b) II only (c) Ill only (d) II and III (e) I, II and III
49 Which of the following properties makes metals ideal for cooking utensils (a) high coefficient of
expansion (b) good conductor of heat (c) low specific heat capacity (d) poor radiations of heat
50 A lens of focal length 12.0cm forms an upright image three times the size of a real object. The distance
between the object and image is (a) 8cm (b)16cm (c) 24cm (d) 32cm

CHEMISTRY (Section D)
51 When a solid substance disappears completely as a gas on heating, the substance is said to have
undergone (a) evaporation (b) distillation (c)crystallization (d)sublimation
52 The property of chlorine which causes hydrogen chloride to be more ionic than the chlorine molecule
is its (a) electrovalency (b) electron affinity (c) electropositivity (d) electronegativity
53 The mass of silver deposited when a current of 10A is passed through a solution of silver salt for 4830s
is (a) 108.0g (b) 54.0g (c )27.0g (d)13.5g
54 Sodium metal is always kept under oil because it_ (a) readily reacts with water (b) is reduced by
atmospheric nitrogen (c) reacts vigorously on exposure to air ( d) reacts with oxygen and
carbon(IV)oxide
55 You are provided with five gas jars containing SO2, SC2, CO2, H2, CO and NO respectively. Select a test
from A to E which will identify ANY ONE of the gases completely (a)pass each gas into lime water (b}
pass each gas into water and test with litmus paper (c)pass each gas into concentrated sulphuric acid
(d) expose each gas to atmospheric air ( e) expose each gas to fumes of hydrogen chloride
56 An organic compound X has the following properties. I. It is not miscible with water II. It has boiling
point of 77°C III. It has a sweet odor IV. It is insoluble in sodium hydrogen carbonate solution (a)
methane (b) ethanoic acid (c) ethane (d) ethylethanoate (e) carbon tetrachloride
57 Starch can be converted to ethyl alcohol by (a) distillation (b) fermentation (c) isomerization (d)
cracking (e} cooking
58 Chlorine, bromine and iodine resemble each other in that all (a) dissolve in alkalis (b) react violently
with hydrogen (c) displace each other from solutions of their salts (d) are gases (e) are liquid
 59 Which of the following classes of organic compounds undergoes rapid oxidation with bromine water
(a) alcohols (b) alkenes (c) carboxylic acids (d) esters(e) alkanes
60 An element X has 127 neutrons and 82 electrons, its atomic number is (a)209 (b) 105 (c) 45 (d) 82 (e)
127
61 Which one of the following metals is not normally extracted by chemical reduction because of its
position in the electrochemical series? (a) copper (b) Iron (c) lead (d) potassium (e) zinc
62 Which of the following CANNOT be obtained by fractional distillation of petroleum (a) ether (b)
methane (c)butane (d) ethane (e) hydrogen
63 Which of these metals Mg, Fe, Pb and Cu will dissolve in dilute HCl. (a) all the metals (b) Mg, Fe, and Cu
(c) Mg, Fe and Pb (d) Mg and Fe only (e) Mg only
64 Alkaline hydrolysis of naturally occurring fats and oils yields (a) fats and acid (b) soaps and glycerol ( c)
margarine and butter ( d) esters ( e) detergents
65 An organic compound contains 72% carbon, 12% hydrogen and 16% oxygen by mass. The empirical
formula of the compound is (a) C8H22O3 (b) C6H10O3 (c) C12H12O (d) C6H12O (e) C3H60 (H= 1 C= 12 O=
16).
66 The number of atoms of chlorine present in 85g of NaCl is (a) 6.02 x 1022 (b) 5.85 x 1023 (c) 6.02 x 1023
(d) 5.85 X 1024. {Na=23, Cl=35.S} (Avogadro's number= 6.02 x 1023)
67 A brand of ink containing Cobalt(II), Copper(ll), and Iron(II) ions can best be separated into its various
components by (a) fractional crystallization (b) fractional distillation (c) sublimation
(d)chromatography
68 1.34g of hydrated sodium tetraoxosulphate (IV) was heated to give an anhydrous salt weighing 0.71g,
the formula of the hydrated salt is_ (a) Na2SO4 . 7H20 (b) Na2S04 .3H20 (c) Na2SO4 .2H2O (d) Na2SO4H2
(take Na=23, S=32, O=16, H=1)
69 Three drops of a 10 mol dm-3 solution of NaOH are added to 20cm3 of a solution of pH 8.4. The pH of
the resulting solution will (a) be same to that of pure water (b) unaltered (c) greater than 8.4 (d) less
than 8.4
70 Farmlands affected by crude-oil spillage can be decontaminated by (a) adding acidic solutions (b) using
aerobic bacteria ( c) pouring water on the affected (d) burning off the oil from the area.

NIGER DELTA UNIVERSITY Wilberforce Island, Bayelsa State October (2006)

FACULTY OF PURE AND NATURAL SCIENCE

USE OF ENGLISH
ESSAY QUESTION: write an essay of between one hundred and fifty ( 150) words on the topic: A very sad event
in my Iife.
Which of the five options best fills the blank space in the sentence
1 By the end of the next semester he _his university education. A. would have completed B. will be
completing C. shall have completed D. was completing E. must complete
2 You should show some consideration … the feelings of others A. with B. about C. by D. to E. for
3 The old car ... several times A. was repaired B. has been repaired C. has being repaired D. has repaired E.
was being repaired
4 He acted …. he were a general manager A. as B. if C. as if D. so as E. that
5 Will they sign any contracts at the fair? They will not only sign the contracts but a lot of goods … as well.
A. will buy B. to buy C. they buy D. they bought E. will be bought
6 The police report was_ to that of the eyewitness. A. contrary B. inconsistent C. different D. congruent
7 Insects can become _to insecticides. A. immunized B. resistant C. reticent D. immobilized
8 Ali is crying because his mother was killed in a … A. motor B. traffic C. motvehicle D. road accident
9 When he joined the staff of the school, he had various duties … A. an attack B. an insolence C. an affront
D. a disrespect to his dignity
10 The woman warned her daughter not to… A. move B. be moving C. be keeping company D. keep
company with bad boys
 MATHEMATICS
1 In a class of 40 students, 32 offer Maths, 24 offer Physics and 4 offer neither Maths nor Physics. How
many offer both Maths and Physics. A. 20 B. 6 C. 8 D. 4
1 1 3 1 16 7 36
2 Simplify 1 - (2 + 1 ) + A. 1 B. -1 C. -2 D. 2
3 4 4 15 60 12 60
3 The sum of four numbers is 1214. What is the average expressed in a base five? A. 114 B.141 C.301
D. 304
4 The length a person can jump is inversely proportional to his weight. If a 20kg person can jump 1.5m,
find the constant proportionality A. 60 B.30 C.20 D.15
5 A trapezium has two parallel sides of length 5cm and 9cm. if the area is 21cm2. Find the distance
between the parallel sides. A. 3cm B. 4cm C.6cm D.7cm
6 An airplane flies due north from airports P to Q and then files due east to R. if Q is equidistant from P
and R. find the bearing of P from R. A. 90° B. 135° C. 225° D. 270°
2
7 Find the slope of the curve 2x +5x-3 at (1,4) A. 4 B. 6 C. 7 D. 9
8 By how much will the mean of 30, 56, 31, 55, 43 and 44 be less than the median? A. 0.75 B. 0.50
C. 0.33 D. 0.17
5
9 If m = 3, p = -3, q = 7 and r = , evaluate m(p+ q +r) A. 19.50 B. 19. 15 C. 18.95 D. 18.05
2
10 In how many ways can 6 colored chalks be arranged if 2 are of the same color A. 6 B. 12 C. 24 D. 36

CHEMISTRY
1. If an atom of an element is represented as 4020𝑌 , this shows that it has A. 40 neutrons B. 40 mass
number C. 20 protons D. Atomic number
2. Which of the following forms a coordinate covalent bond with H+ A. CO2 B. O2 C. H2O D. N2
3. The presence of a catalyst in a reaction mixture alters the: A. Heat of reaction B. Yield of product C.
equilibrium position D. Reaction pathway
4. An oxidizing agent can be defined as A. An acceptor of Oxygen B. A donor of ions C. An acceptor of
hydrogen D. a donor of electrons
5. Which of the following is a good conductor of electric current A. Mixture of petrol and kerosene B.
aqueous solution of sugar C. Mixture of ethanol and water D. Aqueous solution of table salt
6. Vegetable oils are converted into margarine by A. Saponification B. Etherification C. Hydrogenation D.
Polymerization
7. The tensile strength of natural rubber is increased by? heating it with: A. carbon black B. Sulphur C.
nickel catalyst D. hydrogen
8. Which of the following is NOT a separation technique? A. Crystallization B. Distillation C. Evaporation
D. Hydration
9. Which of the following pairs of substances sublime when heated: A. Ammonia and Iodine B. Ammonia
and hydrogen chloride C. Ammonium Chloride and Iodine D. Ammonium trioxonitrate (V) and iodide?
10. The number of moles present in a gas, which occupies 6.0 dm2 at 0.8 atmosphere and 27° is (R=0.08
atm dm K2) A. 0.1 B. 0.2 C. 0.5 D. 2.0

PHYSICS
1. The force between the molecules of a liquid and that of a solid is A. Cohesive B. Adhesive C. Repulsive
D. Magnetic
2. Which of the following is a derived unit? A. ampere 8. second C. meter D. Coulomb
3. Which of the following substances is not a good conductor of electricity? A. Human body B. earth
C. copper D. glass
4. Which of the following cannot be used to measure the temperature of a substance? A. Change in color
with temperature B. Thermoelectric effect C. Expansivity of a liquid D. Change in resistance of a
conductor
5. Which of the following instruments may be used to measure relative humidity? A. barometer B.
hydrometer C. hygrometer D. hypsometer
6. The ability of the eye to focus objects at different distances is called ? A. Power B. Accommodation
C. Normal vision D. Persistence of vision
 7. The change of the direction of a wave front because of a change in the velocity of the wave in another
medium is called A. dispersion B. refraction C. reflection D. diffraction
8. A sounding tuning fork is brought near the end of a pipe containing an air column and the loudness of
the sound increase. This effect is due to A. echo B. reverberation C . interference D. resonance
9. The product PV where P is pressure and V is volume has the same unit as A. work B. power C. force
D. impulse
10. Which of the following radiations have the highest frequency A. radio waves B. yellow light C. infra-red
rays D. X-rays

NIGER DELTA UNIVERSITY WIiberforce Island, Bayelsa State October, 2009

FACULTY OF PURE AND NATURAL SCIENCE AUGUST 4TH TIME: 1 :30MINS

ENGLISH (COMPREHENSION)
Read the passage below and answer question 1- 5 that follow
We knew early in our life that the atmosphere in our home was different from that In many other homes, here
husbands and wives quarrel and where there was drunkenness, laziness or indifference things we never saw in
our family. We chafed and grumbled at the strictness of my father's regime. We went to hide whenever we
broke the rulers too visible. We knew, nevertheless, that our parents wanted good things for us. Some of
these, such as the insistence on our going to school and never missing a day, we accepted readily enough
although, like most other children, we occasionally yielded to the temptation to pay truant However, in other
cases such as their effort to keep us out of contact with the difficult life the drinking and fighting and beer-
brewing and gambling their failure was inevitable. They could not keep us insulted. By the time, we moved
about, we were already seeing thing with their eyes and judging things by the standard we had aborted from
them.
It was borne in on me and my brother at very early age that our father was an uncommon man. For one thing,
in most African families, work around the home was women's work. So we were vastly impressed by the fact
that whenever my mother was away, my father could and did do all her jobs cooking cleaning and looking
after us. We lived in this way in a community in which housework was regarded as being beneath male dignity.
Even in families that, like ours, produced boy after boy our sister came fifth, it simply meant that the mother
carried a greater and greater burden of work. In our family, nevertheless, the boys did girl's work and my
father did it with us.
One of the prime chores of life in the family was fetching water from the pump down the street, some two
hundred meters from our door. Since the pump was not unlocked until six in the morning and there was
always crowding, a system, had developed whereby you got out before dawn, placed your twenty liter in line,
and then went home, had developed whereby you got out before dawn, place your twenty- liter tin in line,
and other moved ahead. This could be corrected if none of those in front were too big a challenge.
When taps were substituted for the pumps, the first one Installed was nearly a kilometer away from our house
and we had to make the truck with the water tins balanced on our heads an indignity because this was, the
way girls, not proud mates, carried their burdens. All the children in the neighborhood knew we id women's
work and I can still hear their derisive laughter. We did our jobs doggedly, that notwithstanding, because our
father and mother expected it of us. Out of choice, our father did everything we did, including fetching water
on the occasion, and commanded us by sheer force of this example.
1. By describing his father as an uncommon man, the writer means that he is A. remarkable B. amenable
C. Strict D. kind
2. Which of the following describe the father’s role in the family? A .Serving the children B. Usurping his
wife's role in the family C. Being too hard on the children D. leading by example
3. The word atmosphere as used in the paragraph of the passage, means A. pattern B. disposition
C. preference D. unity
4. Which of the following statement captures the family's approach to house work? A. The boys were not
allowed to do girls’ work. B. The water needed was provided by everyone. C. No job was reserved for
anyone based on gender D. Their mother did the cooking and cleaning willingly
5. A suitable title for the passage is A. village life B. The problem of water C. The unusual parent D. An
experience in early life

In each of the questions 6 to 9, select the option that best explains the information conveyed in the
sentence.

6. Had he come that day, the problem would still not have solved A He did not come but the problem
was solved. B. He did no come that day, and the problem was not solved. C. He did no come that day,
but his presence would not have solved the problem. D. He cane that day, but the problem was not
solved.
7. Here is Mr. Pam, the tailor. A. he is one of those known as Mr. Pam, and he is a tailor. B. He is the only
tailor, and he is Mr. Pam. C. He is one of many tailors, and he is Mr. Pam. D. He is the only person
known as Mr. Pam and he is a tailor.
8. One of the guarantors shall sign here. A. It is desirable that one of the guarantors signs here. B. It is
obligatory that one of the guarantors signs here. C. It is advisable that one of the guarantors signs
here. D. It is reasonable that one of the guarantors signs here.
9. He is now the megaphone of the people's oppressors. A. He now speaks on behalf of the oppressors.
B. he now carries the megaphone when the oppressors speak. C. He is now the oppressors with the
loudest voice. D. He is the oppressor who now speaks with megaphone.
Fill the blank spaces with the most appropriate option
10. You can never get _with stealing the presidential jet; you will be caught. A. bye B. away C. free D. scot
free
11. I am disappointed …. the way you conduct yourself at the party A. due to B. at C. by
D. according to E. for
12. I have refused to give him my pen because I don't want him to … it again. A. loose B. lose C. loss
D. lost E. lend
13. The angry woman shouted and cursed in language __ shocking for words A. far B. very C. so D. too E.
quite
14. Timi and Preye love … too much. A. Themselves B. One another C. Each other D. Each others E. Their
selves
15. To your birthday in September? A. Will I come B. Shall I come C. Would I come D. May I come E. Might
I come
16. The hunter brought home __ Antelope. A. alive B. A living C. a life D. a live E. living
17. When the farmers were found guilty of unlawful assembly and procession, their lawyer before the
sentence was passed. A. Made an overture B. Made a plea for litigation C. Made a plea for mitigation
D. Begged for mercy

In each of questions 18 to 23, choose the option opposite in meaning to the word or phrase in italics
18. The ship was imperiled by high winds A. Destroyed B. Deceived C. Saved D. Piloted
19. Manu is hard to convince because he is an opinionated person A. An object B. An imperative C. A
subjective D. A discursive
20. The proprietor accused Uche of silently acquiescing to the students' demands A. Compromising B.
Resisting C. Adjusting D. Submitting to
21. The manager described Jaja as a man of vehement character. A. Strong and insistent B. Troublesome
and noisy C. Clever and helpful D. Weak and uninterested
22. The principal was filled with scorn when he gave our reason for coming late A. Sympathy B. Anger C.
Pity D. Contempt
23. The accident victim received a superficial wound from the crash A. Serious B. Painful C. Deep D. An
external

In each of questions 24 to 25, choose the option nearest in meaning to the word or phrase in italics
24. His taciturnity amazed everyone in the court during the legal tussle A. Obliviousness B. Pervasiveness
C. Sensibility D. Reticence
25. John's painting was so realistic that it could almost have been taken for a photograph A. Lively B.
Authentic C. Picturesque D. Concrete

MATHEMATICS
26. A man runs a distance of 9km at a constant speed for the first 4km and then 2km/hr faster for the rest
of the distance. The whole run take him 1 hr. His average speed for the first 4km is A. 6km/hr B.
8km/hr C. 9km/hr D. 11 km/hr E. 13km/hr
27. Add the same number to the numerator and denominator of 7/8. If the resulting fraction is 72, then,
the number added is A.12 B. 13 C. 15 D. 14 E.11
28. The smallest number such that when it is divided by 3 has a remainder of 6 and when it is divided by 9
has a remainder of 7 is A. 441 B. 387 C. 634 D. 502 E.493
29. One of the following statements is wrong. Which is it? A. if a triangle is equiangular, then it is also
equilateral B. if a triangle is equilateral, then it is also equiangular. C. If two triangles are similar, then
they are also congruent D. if two triangles are congruent, then they are also similar E. the sum of the
interior angles of any triangle is 180%
30. Find the value of (412)6 A.1 B.2 C.8 D.4 E.6
31. A cylinder of height h and radius r is open at one end. Its surface area is A. 2
32. Write down the number 0.0052048 correct to three significant figures A. 0.005 B. 0.0052 C 5204 D.
552048 E. 0.00520
33. A man and his wife went to buy an article costing N400. The woman had 10% of the cost and the man
40% of the reminder. How much did they have together? A. N184 B. N200 C. N216 D. N144 E.N100
34. A pentagon has 4 of its angles equal. If the size of the 5th angle is 60%. Find the size of each of the 4
equal angles. A. 60° B. 180° C. 150° D. 120° E. none of the above
35. Write the decimal number 39 to base two. A. 110111 B. 100111 C. 111001 D. 100101 E. 19.5
36. A group of 14 children received the following scores in a reading test: 35,35,26,26,26,
29,29,29,12,25,25,25,25,17. What is the median score? A. 29 B. 23 C. 25 D. 24 E. 26
37. In 112hrs, the minute hand of a clock rotates through an angle of A. 90° B. 180° C. 640° D. 450° E.
540°
38. Evaluate correct to 4 decimal places 827.51 x 0.015 A. 8.8415 B. 12.4127 C. 124 .1265 D. 12.4120
E. 144.1265
39. What is the size of the exterior angle of a regular pentagon? A. 36% B. 60% C. 72% D. 120%
E. 360%
40. What is the least possible value of 9/[1+2x2] if 0 < x < 2? A. 9 B. 0 C. 1 D. 2 E. 1/2
41. A man bought a wrist watch for N150 but was only able to sell it for N 120. Find the loss percent on
the transaction. A. 25% B. 11 % C. 20% D. 80% E. 30%
42. Find the media of the set of the numbers 110.116, 113, 119.118, 127.118, 117, 113,113 A. 117.5
B.118 C.117 D. 116 E. 113
43. If a rod of length 250cm is measured as 255cm long in error, what is the percentage error in the
measurement? A. 55 B. 10 C.5 D. 4 E.2
44. Without using tables, find the numerical value of log 49 + log (1 / 7) A. log 7 B.1 C.7 D. 3
45. The letters of the word MATRICULATION are cut and put into a box. One letter is drawn at random
from the box. Find the probability of drawing a vowel A. 7/13 B. 5/13 C. 6/ 13 D. 8/13 E. 4/13
46. Thirty boys and X girls sat for a test. The mean of the boys score and that of the girls were respectively
6 and 8. Find the total scores was 468. A. 38 B. 24 C. 36 O. 22 E. 41
47. P sold his bicycle to Q at a profit of 10% , Q sold it to R for N209 at loss of 5%. How much did the
bicycle cost P A. N200 B. N196 C. N180 D. N205 E. N150
48. 8 divided by a number is 5 more than the value of 3 divided by the number, what is the number?
A. 4 B. 7 C.1 D. 3
49. Solve the following equation (2/2r+1) - 5/3 = 1/(r+2) A. (-1.5/2) B. (1. 5/2) C. (2.1) D. (2,1) E. (1,2)
50. In a class of 120 students, 18 of them scored an A-grade in mathematics. If the section representing
the A-grade students on a pie chart had angle Z on the center of the circle, what Is Z? A. 15 B. 27
C. 54 D. 52 E. 50
 PHYSICS
51. The slope of a straight-line displacement time graph indicates the (a) distance travelled (b) uniform
velocity (c) uniform speed (d) uniform acceleration
52. A man will exert the greatest pressure on a bench when he_( a) lies flat on his back (b) lies flat on his
belly ( c) stands on both feet ( d) stands on one foot only
53. A ball of mass 0.5kg moving at 10ms-1 collides with another ball of equal mass at rest. If the two balls
move off together after the impact, calculate their common velocity. (a) 0.2ms-1(b) 0.5ms-1 (c) 5.0ms-1
(d) 2.0ms-1
54. A ball is thrown vertically upwards from the ground with initial velocity of 50ms-1. What is the total
time spent by the ball in the air? (g = 10ms-2). (a) 2.5s (b) 5.0s (c) 10.0s (d) 15s
55. Which of the following cannot be used to measure temperature of a substance (a) variation of
pressure temperature (b) expansivity of a liquid (c) change in color with temperature (d)
thermoelectric effect
56. The clinical thermometer is characterized by having a (a) wide range of temperature (b) the wide bore
(c) narrow bore (d) construction
57. Which of the following is a reason why a concrete floor feels colder to the bare feet than a mat on the
same floor during the rainy season (a) mat is better conductor of heat than the feet (b) mat loses heat
to the bare feet at a faster rate than concrete floor ( c) mat is a better conductor of heat than the floor
(d) concrete floor is a better conductor of heat than the mat.
58. In which of the following is the expansion of solids a disadvantage (a) the fitting of wheels in rims (b)
fire arms (c) the balance wheel of a watch ( d) the thermostat
59. The temperature at which the water vapor present in the air is just sufficient to saturate it is called (a)
ice point (b) boiling point (c) saturation point (d) dew point
60. Which of the following instruments may be used to measure relative humidity (a) hydrometer (b)
barometer ( c) hygrometer ( d) manometer
61. An object is placed 36cm from a converging lens of local length 24cm, if a real image which is 4cm high
is formed, calculate the height of the object (a) 2.0cm (b) 4.0cm (c) 6.0cm (d) 8.0cm
62. The ability of the eye to focus objects at different distances is called (a)power (b) accommodation (c)
normal vision (d) long sight
63. The change of the direction of a wave front because of a change in the velocity of the wave in another
medium is called (a) refraction (b) diffraction (c) reflection (d) dispersion
64. A sounding tuning fork is brought near the end of a pipe containing an air column and the loudness of
the sound increases. The effect is due to (a) an echo (b) resonance (c) reverberation (d) interference
65. The unit of inductance is the (a) farad (b) hertz (c) henry (d) coulomb
66. Which of the following is not correct about isotopes of an element? They are (a) the same neutron
number (b) the same proton number (c) the same electron number (d) different physical properties
67. The motion of the prongs of sounding tuning forks is (a) random (b) rotational (c) vibratory
(d) vibratory and rotational
68. A thermometer has its stem marked in millimeter instead of degree Celsius. The lower fixed point is
30mm and the upper fixed point is 180mm. calculate the temperature in degrees Celsius when the
thermometer reads 45mm. (a) 67.5°C (b) 30.0°C (c) 15.0°C (d) 10.0°C
69. Which of the following surfaces will radiate heat energy best (a) red (b) white (c) black (d) blue
70. Which of the following statements is not correct? (a) Evaporation takes place only at the surface of
liquid (b) Boiling takes place throughout the volume of a liquid (c) Evaporation takes place at all
temperatures (d) The boiling point of a liquid is not affected by impurities

CHEMISTRY
71. An acid present in proteins is (A) Iactic acid (B) amino acid (C) propanoic acid (D) palmitic acid
72. The following are uses of sulfur except (A) manufacture of tetraoxosulphate (IV) acid (B) prevention of
the growth of fungi (C) coating of steel to prevent rusting (D) manufacture of dyes.
73. Which of the following statement is not correct? (A) Carbon exhibits allotropy (B) Sulphur exhibits
allotropy (C) Chlorine exhibits allotropy (D) Argon is a noble gas.
 74. Which of the following correctly explains why iodine crystals change directly into the gaseous state
when heated? (A) Iodine crystals sublime (B) Iodine molecules are held together by weak forces (C)
Iodine molecules are covalent (D) Iodine atoms are held together by storing forces.
75. A salt which loses mass when exposed to air is (A) hygroscopic (B) efflorescent (C) effervescent (D)
deliquescent
76. Which of the following is a neutral oxide? (A) Nitorgen (IV) oxide (B) Carbon (IV) oxide (C) Sulphur (VI)
oxide (D) Nitrogen Oxide
77. Detergents are better than soaps for laundry because (A) detergents are synthetic while soaps are not
(B) detergents are more soluble in water than soaps (C) scum is precipitated when soaps are used with
hard water but not with detergents (D) soaps form soluble salts with ions causing hardness of water
while detergents do not.
78. During the eletrolysis of dilute tetraoxosulphate (VI) acid solution, 0.05 mole of electrons were passed.
What volume of gas was produced at the anode? (Gaseous molar volume= 22.4dm at s.t.p. (A)
0.224dm3 (8) 0.280dm3 (C) 2.24dm3 (D) 2.80dm3
79. The Solvay process is unsaid in the manufacture of (A) sodium (VI) oxide (B) sodium trioxocarbonate
(IV) (C) sodium oxocarbonate (IV) (D) sodium trioxochloride (IV).
80. Aluminum is above iron in the electrochemical series, yet iron corrodes easily on exposure to air while
aluminum does not (A) have a lower density than Iron (B) is a better conductor than iron (C) forms a
thin layer of inert oxide in moist air (D) does not corrode spontaneously.
81. A catalyst which increases the rate of a chemical reaction does so by (A) increasing the reaction
pathway (B) increasing the surface area of the reaction pathway (C) decreasing the activation energy
of the reaction (D) decreasing the temperature at which the reaction occurs.
82. A sample of orange juice is suspected to have been contaminated with a yellow dye? (A) Decantation
(B) distillation (C) chromatography (D) filtration.
83. The hybridization of the carbon atom in ethyne is (A) Sp4 (B) Sp2 (C) Sp1 (D) Sp (E) S
84. Which of the following compounds has hydrogen bonds between its molecules?
85. Which of the following properties of atoms generally increases down a group in the periodic table? (A)
Electron affinity (B) Eletro negativity (C) Ionic radius (D) Ionization energy.
86. When sodium atom forms the ion Na, (A) it gains one electron (B) it gains one proton (C) it achieves a
noble gas configuration (D) its atomic number increases.
87. A transition metal would be expected to (A) form oxides with different formulae (B) have strong
oxidizing ability (C) have low density (D) have an atomic structure with an incomplete outermost shell.
88. Which of the following compounds is aromatic? (A) Benzene (B) Cyclobutane (C) Hexane (D) Ethene.
89. Which of the following substances is a suitable solvent for perfumes? (A) Benzene (B) Ethanol (C)
Water (D) Turpentine.
90. Which of these metals will not liberate hydrogen from dilute HCl? (A) Copper (B) iron (C) Magnesium
(D) Zinc.

NIGER DELTA UNIVERSITY

Wilberforce Island, Bayelsa State
2010 Post UTME screening exercise July 8th, 2010/2011 1hr 30mins
Special note: shade option indicated on your question paper in the appropriate place on your answer sheet.
Read the following instructions carefully. Shade the right answer on the sheet provided using HB pencil

1. At what stage in life history of a toad is its mode of breathing similar to that of a fish? A. tadpole stage
B. external gill stage C. adult stage D. internal gill state E. larval stage
2. The color imparted to a flame by calcium ion is. A. green B. blue C. brick red D. yellow E. lilac

Choose the word which is opposite in meaning to the italic word in each sentence (3-4)
3. The governor declined to give audience to the journalist. (A) ignored (B) accepted (C) forgo
(D) rejected
4. The lotion recommended by the doctor soothed Okon's aching tooth. (A) Calmed ( B) extracted (C)
excited (D) worsened
5. Which of the following units is equivalent to Kgms-1? (A) Ns-1 (B) Nms (C) Ns (D) Js-1
6. Anaerobic respiration in yeast produces. (A) carbon-dioxide and ethanol (B) carbon-dioxide and water
(C) carbon-dioxide and oxygen (D) carbon-dioxide and glucose (E) ethanol and water
7. If Musa scored 75 in biology instead of 57, his average mark in four subjects would have been 60.
What was his total mark (A) 282 (B) 240 (C) 222 (D) 210
8. In the chemical reaction A+B = C+D, more of D is formed (A) if the concentration of A is reduced (B) if
the concentration of B is reduced (C) if the concentration of C is increased (D) if D is continuously
removed from the reaction mixture.
9. The removal of the man's pancreas by surgical operation can affect only the digestion of (A) starch
(B) starch, protein and fats (C) oils and fats (D) proteins (E) carbohydrates and fats
10. A pencil is placed vertically between a concave mirror and its focal point. The image of the pencil in
the mirror will be (A) real, inverted and diminished (B) virtual, inverted and enlarged (C) real, erect
and enlarged (D) virtual, erect and enlarged
11. If the hypotenuse of a right angle isosceles triangle is 2, what is the length of each of the other sides?
(A) 2 (B) ½ (C) 2/2 (D)1 (E) 2/1
12. The mammalian organ through which nourishment and oxygen diffuses into a developing embryo is
called (A) amnion (B) chlorine (C) umbilical cord (D) oviduct (E) placenta
13. Which of the following statements is correct during the electrolysis of a caustic soda solution using
platinum electrodes (A) oxygen gas is given off at the cathode (B) hydrogen gas is given off at the
anode (C) sodium metal is deposited at the anode (D) sodium metal is deposited at the cathode
(E) alkalinity at the cathode increases

Choose the word which is opposite in meaning to the italic word in each sentence (14 - 16)
14. He was locked up for a fortnight (A) released (B) punished (C) remanded (D) locked out
15. The housewife was hard up at the end of each month (A) upset (B) penniless (C) borrowing
(E) in no need
16. The retired General became a has-nosed officer after fighting the war (A) tough (B) weak (C)
indifferent (D) bed-ridden
17. If the rate of diffusion of oxygen gas is taken as 1, what will be the rate of diffusion of methane whose
relative molar mass is 16 (A) 2.0 (B) 1.8 (C) 1.4 (D) 1.0 (E) 0.5
18. Mercury is suitable as a barometric fluid because it (A) expands uniformly (B) is opaque (C) is several
times denser than water (D) is a good conductor of heat
19. Mosses, liverworts and ferns can be grouped together because they (A) are all aquatic plants (B) all
grow in deserts (C) are seedless plants (D) have undifferentiated plant bodies (E) all produce
colorless flowers
20. A sum of money was invested at 8% per annum simple interest. If after 4 years the money amounts to
N330,000; find the amount originally invested (A) N180, 000 (B) N165, 000 (C) N150,000 (D) N200,000
(E) N250, 000
21. Banana, plantain and pineapple can be grouped together because they (A) produce small seeds
(B) are multiple fruits (C) produce suckers (D) have runners (E) have bulbils
22. The products of the reaction between dilute sulphuric acid and sodium traoxiosulphate crystals are
(A) Na2SO4 + SO2 + O2 + H2O (B) Na2SO + SO3 + O2 + H2O (C) Na2SO4 + SO3 + S + H2 (D) Na2 + SO4 + H2O
23. Which of the following is a derived unit? (A) Kilogram (B) Meter (C) Kelvin (D) Newton
24. Factorize 16x2-14x-12 (A) 2(x + 3)(3x - 2) (B) 6(x -2)(x + 1) (C) 2(x - 3)(3x + 2) (D) 6x(x - 3)(x - 1)
(E) (3x + 4)(2x + 3)
25. Ernest can only become more mature through … to life outside his home (A) posting (B) exposure (C)
exposition (D) exposing (E) positioning
26. She doesn’t have to attend the lecture, … (A) doesn’t she (B) is she (C) has she (D) does she (E) isn’t it
27. The new leader has good intentions but he is unable to (A) carry them with him (B) carry them out (C)
carry them on (D) carry them all (E) carry them well
28. M represents the median, D the mode of the measurements: 5, 9, 3, 5, 8; then (M,D) is A. (6,5)
B. (5,8) C. (5,7) D. (5,5) E. (7,5)
29. Allotropes are elements having (A) different physical but the same chemical properties (B) different
chemical but the same physical properties (C) the same chemical and physical properties (D) different
atomic structures (E) the same position in the periodic table
30. If an organic compound has its Hydrogen: Oxygen ratio as 2:1, it is likely to be (A) a protein (B) a
carbohydrate (C) a fat (D) a fatty acid and glycerol (E) an amino acid
31. The area of the effort and load pistons of a hydraulic press are 0.5m2 and 5m2 respectively; if a force F
of 100N is applied on the effort piston, the force F2 on the load piston is (A) 10N (B) 100 (C) 500N
(D) 1000N (E) 5000N
32. If the price of oranges was raised by ½ k per orange, the number of oranges customers can buy for
1 1 1
N20.40 will be less by 16. What is the present price of an orange? (A) 2 k (B) 3 k (C) 5 k
2 4 2
2
(D) 20k (E) 21 k
3
33. In the preparation of ammonia, which of the following is used as the drying agent? (A) C2O (B) CaCl
(C) Conc. H2SO4 (D) P2O3 (E) H2PO4
34. In a dicot leaf, guard cells differ from other epidermal cells because they (A) have no finite shape
(B) lack nuclei (C) are smaller (D) contain chloroplast (E) lack vacuole
35. Which of the following is NOT a fundamental S.I unit? (A) Meter (B) Ampere (C) Kelvin (D) Second (E)
Radian
36. A man drove for 4 hours at a certain speed, he then doubled his speed and drove for another 3 hours.
Altogether he covered 600km. At what speed did he drive for the last 3 hours (A) 12 km/hr (B) 6km/hr
(C) 600km/hr (D) 50km/hr (E) 100km/hr
37. Detergents are more advantageous than soaps in the hard water districts because (A) on the
treatment with hard water they either form soluble calcium salts or do not react with calcium ion
(B) on treatment with hard water they form soluble salt (C) on treatment with hard water they form
insoluble salts (D) on treatment with hard water they are converted into soap (E) on treatment with
hard water they form lather than soap does.
38. Which of the following is the correct explanation of the inertia of a body (A) Ability to overcome the
earth's gravity (B) Reluctance to stop moving (C) Readiness to stop moving (D) reluctance to start
moving and its readiness to stop moving once it has begun to move (E) reluctance to start moving and
its reluctance to stop moving once it has begun to move
39. One interior angle of a convex hexagon is 170° and each of remaining interior angle is equal to x°. Find
x (A) 120° (B) 110° (C) 105° (D) 102° (E) 100°
40. Given the mean atomic mass of chlorine prepared in the laboratory to be 35.5 and assuming that
chlorine contains two isotopes of mass numbers 35 and 37, what is the percentage composition of the
isotope of mass number 35? (A) 20 (B) 25 (C) 50 (D) 57 (E) 90.
41. An anhydride is (A) a compound which has no water of crystallization (B) an oxide whose solution in
water has a pH greater than 7 (C) an oxide whose solution in water has a pH less than 7 (D) an oxide
that has hydrogen atoms (E) an amphoteric oxide

Choose the option that best coveys the meaning of the underlined in each of the following sentence
42-43
42. I don't think she could be so easily taken in by his pretenses. (A) flattered (B) deceived (C) enamored
(D) overcome (E) blackmailed
43. The story told by the suspect was difficult to believe (A) incredulous (B) credible (C) incredible (D)
credulous (E) ridiculous
44. A simple pendulum 0.6m long has a period of 1.5s, what is the period of a similar pendulum 0.4m long
in the same location (A) 1.5/2/3s (B) 1.5/3/2s (C) 2/2.5s (D) 1.0s (E) 2.0s
45. The lengths of the sides of a right triangles are (3x-1)cm and xcm (A) 2 (B) 6 (C) 18 (D) 12 (E) 0
46. If chlorine gas is bubbled into water and then the yellowish green colored solution is exposed to bright
sunlight for a while (A) the solution will give out chlorine gas and hydrogen chlorine gas (B) the
solution will produce chlorine gas and oxygen (C) the solution will give out oxygen thereby producing
hypochlorous acid (D) the solution will give out oxygen gas leaving behind aqueous hydrochloric acid
(E) the solution is decomposed, giving out oxygen and chlorine
47. For correcting long-sight defects in the human eye, we require a (A) converging lens (B) diverging lens
(C) microscope (D) periscope (E) plain glass sheet
48. Which of the following substances would you use as an indicator in the titration of sodium carbonate
solution against hydrochloric acid? (A) litmus paper (B) phenolphthalein (C) methyl orange (D)
universal indicator (E) none of the above
49. An element X forms the following compound with Cl: XCl4, XCl, XCl2. This Illustrates the. (A) law of
multitude proportions (B) law of chemical proportions (C) law of simple proportions (D) law of
conservation of mass (E) law of definite proportions
50. The value of (30.303)3 (0.02)3 is (A) 0.019 (B) 0.0019 (C) 0.038 (D) 0.028 (E) 0.0028
51. Zinc oxide is a (A) basic oxide (B) acidic oxide (C) amphoteric oxide (D) neutral oxide (E) reactive oxide
52. The lumbar vertebra when compared with a thoracic vertebra has a (A) longer neural spine (B) wider
neural spine (C) thicker neural spine (D) shorter transverse proves.
53. A steel wire of length 0.50m is stretched between two fixed points and its fundamental frequency is
200Hz. The speed of the wave in the wire is (A) 100ms-1 (B) 120ms-1 (C) 200ms-1 (D) 250ms-1
54. Factorize completely y3-4xy+xy3-4y A. (x+xy)(y+2)(y-2) B. (x+xy)(y-2)(y+2) C. y(1+x)(y+2)(y-2)
D. y(1+x)(y-2)(y+2)
55. A trapezium has two parallel sides of length, 5cm and 9cm, if its area is 21cm2. Find the distance
between the parallel sides. (A) 3cm (B) 4cm (C) 6cm (D) 7cm
56. What happens when a certain quantity of pure ice is completely changed to water at 100°c
(A) Latent heat is absorbed, the mass remains constant and the volume decreases (B) Latent heat
give out, the mass remains constant and volume decreases (C) Latent heat is out, the mass increases
and the volume remains constant (D) Latent heat is absorbed, the mass decreases and the volume
increases
57. If 120 = Xy, find X where y = 12 (A) 20 (B) 15 (C) 14(0) 12

Select the option that best explains the information conveyed in the sentences in question 58 -59
58. The president held forth for several minutes on the need for patriotism (A) The president was silent for
some minutes when patriotism was being discussed (B) the president whispered a few things about
patriotism (C) the president spent time saying a few things about patriots (D) the president gave a
rather long speech on the importance of patriotism.
59. The slide in the price of gold in the world market has left the industry reeling (A) the gradual fall in
gold price is making the industry unsuitable (B) the stability in gold price is making the industry
stagnant (C) the decline in gold price is making the industry redundant (D) the increase in the gold
price is making the industry to boom
60. A dry dehiscent fruit, which breaks up into one seeded part, is a (A) schizocarp (B) capsule (C) follicle
(D) legume
61. In a class of 150 students, the sector in a pie chart representing the students offering physics has angle
120°. How many students are offering physics (A) 18 (B)15 (C) 10 (D) 5
62. When a ball rolls on a smooth level ground the motion of its center is (A) Translational (B) Oscillatory
(C) Random (D) Rotational
63. Which of the following will be first digested if ingested at the same time (A) cooked yam (B) cooked
rice (C) cod liver oil (D) roasted beef
64. A group of market women sell at least one yam, plantain and maize; 12 of them sell maize; 10 sell yam
and 14 sell plantain; 5 sell plantain and maize; 4 sell yam and plantain only while 3 sell all the three
items. How many women are in the group (A) 25 (B) 19 (C) 18 (D)17
65. If X varies inversely as the cube root of Y and X= 1 when Y=8, find Y when X=3 (A) 1/3 (B) 2/3 (C) 8/27
(D) 4/9
66. A motor vehicle is brought to rest from a speed of 15ms-1 in 20s, calculate the retardation (A) 0.75ms-2
(B) 1.33ms-2 (C) 5.00ms-2 (D) 7.50ms-2
67. The function of ribosomes in cells is (A) protein synthesis (B) starch synthesis (C) transport of materials
(D) lipid storage
 Select the option that best explains the information conveyed in the sentences (from 68-70)
68. The expected guests arrived at the eleventh hour (A) the guests arrived at the last minute (B) the
guests arrived at 11 O'clock (C) the guests arrived at expected time (D) the guests were 11 hours
behind schedule
69. After addressing the court for two hours, the defense counsel rested her case (A) the defense counsel
was tired after speaking for two hours, so she took a break (B) the judge adjourned the defense
counsel’s case after listening for two hours (C) the defense counsel concluded her defense after
speaking for two hours (D) the judge advised the defense counsel to rest after two hours of address
70. Benji exclaimed, “if it is Napoleon who said it, it must be right!” (A) Benji never believes what
Napoleon says (B) Benji does not know what is right unless Napoleon says it (C) Napoleon always says
what Benji believes to be right (D) Benji thinks that Napoleon always says the right thing
71. A sector of a circle of radius 7.2cm which subtends an angle of 300° at the center is used to form a
cone. What is the radius of the base of the cone (A) 6cm (B) 7cm (C) 8cm (D) 9cm
72. 200g of water at 900°C is mixed with 100g at 300°C. What is the final temperature? (A) 50°C (B)60°C
(C) 70°C (D) 80°C
73. The center for controlling body temperature in brain is the (A) cerebrum {B) cerebellum (C) medulla
(D)hypothalamus
74. Find correct to one decimal place 0.24633/0.0306 (A) 0.8 (B) 1.8 (C) 8.0 (D) 8.1
75. One of the most important applications of bimetallic strip is found in the construction of (A) a
thermostat (B) altimeter (C) a thermocouple (D) a hydrometer
76. Which of the following conducts electricity (A) Sulphur (B) graphite (C) diamond (D) red phosphorus
(E) yellow phosphorus
77. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of snails (A) bilateral symmetry (B) chitinous exoskeleton
(C) muscular foot (D) soft unsegmented body in a mantle
78. Find the probability of selecting a figure which is a parallelogram from a square, a rectangle, a
rhombus, a kite and a trapezium (A) 3/5 (B) 2/5 (C) 4/5 (D) 1/5
79. In which of the following is surface tension important? (A) the floating of a ship in water (B) the
floating of a needle in water (C) the floating of a balloon in air (D) the diffusion of sugar solution
across a membrane
80. The hybridization of the carbon atom in ethyne is (A) Sp4 (B) Sp3 (C) Sp2 (D) Sp (E) S

Choose the option that conveys the meaning of the underlined in questions 81 - 82
81. The judge took issue with the counsel who complained of double standards (A) agreed with (B)
argued with (C) criticized (D) supported
82. I shuddered in revulsion as I watched the snake slowly swallow the strangled rat (A) was fascinated
(B) repelled (C) was interested (D) was distressed
83. Which among the elements (1) carbon (2) oxygen (3) copper (4) bromine (5) zinc will NOT react with
neither water or steam (A) 1 and 2 (B) 2 and 3 (C) 3 and 4 (D) 1, 2, 3 and 4 (E) 2, 3 and 5
84. In addition to the high calories derive, fat and oil are (A) used in producing new cells (B) necessary for
enzyme formation (C) used as insulators from cold (D) required for growth
85. A far sighted person cannot see objects that are less than 100cm away, if this person wants to read a
book at 2.5cm away, what type and focal length of lens does he need? (A) convex, 20cm (B) concave,
20cm (C) convex, 33cm (D) concave 33cm
86. Three angles of a nonagon are (A) (B) (C) (D) (E)
87. Terminal reactions (T) and some by a combination (A) (B) (C) (D) (E)
88. The severe deficiency of vitamin C leads to (A) kwashiorkor (B) beriberi (C) pellagra (D) scurvy
89. Two points on a velocity-time graph have co-ordinates (5s, 10ms-1) and (2ms-1). Calculate the mean
acceleration between the two points (A) 0.6ms-2 (B) 0.83ms-2 (C) 1.50ms-2 (D) 2.00ms-2
90. Peter's weekly wages are N20.00 for the first 20 weeks and N36.00 for the next 24 weeks. Find his
average weekly wage for the remaining 8 weeks of the year if his average weekly wage for the whole
year is N30.00 (A) N37.00 (B) N35.00 (C) N30.00 (D) N5.00
91. The male cockroach differs from the female by having (A) mandibles (B) a pair of styles (C) spiracles
(D) a pair of cerci
92. When a transformer has more secondary windings than primary windings, it (A) has a smaller
secondary current (B) has a greater power output (C) is a step-down transformer (D) increases the
total energy output
93. A piece of burning sulphur will continue to burn if a gas of jar of oxygen gives misty fumes which
readily dissolve in water. The resulting liquid is (A) Sulphur (IV) trioxide (B) tetraoxosulphate (VI) acid
(C) trioxosulphate (IV) acid (D) dioxosulphate (II) acid (E) hydrogen sulphide

Choose the option that conveys the meaning of the underlined in questions 94 - 95
94. At a point, the speaker went off at a tangent (A) started to run away like a mad person (B) took to
lashing out at the audience (C) began to discuss unrelated matters (D) chose to recall precious
decisions
95. The confused student found himself in a spot (A) in a particular place (B) In a normal situation (C) in a
pleasant situation (D) in a difficult situation
96. If an element has electronic configuration 1s22s22p63s33p4 it is (A) a metal (B) an alkaline-earth metal
(C) an s-bloc element (D) a p-bloc element (E) a transition element
97. A food substance that produces red coloration with Sudan 111 contains (A) protein (B) sugar (C) starch
(D) cellulose (E) fat
98. Simplify log96-2log26 (A)2-log23 (B) 3-log23 (C) log233 (D) log232
99. A wave has frequency of 2Hz and a wavelength of 30cm, the velocity of the wave is (.A) 60.0ms-1
(B) 6.0ms-1 (C) 1.5ms-1 (D) 0.6ms-1
100. A girl walks 45 meters in the direction 050° from a point X. She then walks 24 meters in the direction
140° from X to a point Y. how far is she from Q? (A) 69m (B) 57m (C) 51m (D) 21m.

Niger Delta University Wilberforce Island, Bayelsa State

POST UTME screening exercise August, 2011/2012 1hr30m

1. One very important aspect of human relationship is __ trust A. communal B. individual C. mutual
D. personal
2. The two tasks were performed …. and we were able to finish early A. alternatively B. simultaneously
C. consecutively D. separately
3. The committee is charged with finding a ….. solution to the crisis A. lengthy B. current C. lasting
D. directly
4. We are worried by the __ that exists between the two factions of the party. A. distraction
B. commotion C. confusion D. rivalry
5. Our teacher by the ___ when he said that the bursar was under a cloud A. literally B. simply
C. frankly D. directly
6. The organ which secrets digestive enzyme as well as hormones is the A. Iiver B. salivary gland
C. pancreas D. spleen
7. During mammalian embryo development, large amounts of estrogen and progesterone are produced
in the A. umbilical cord B. ammonium C. placenta D. amniotic fluid
8. Which of the following are differentiated into true roots, stems and leaves A. algae B. chizophyta
C. pteridophyta D. bryophyta
9. To facilitate gaseous exchange, breathing roots have A. stomata B. mitochondria C. cuticle
D. lenticels
10. In earthworm the cocoon is secreted by the A. chaetae B. prostomium C. peristomium D. clitellium
11. A stone Q is tied to a point P vertically above Q by an inelastic string of length 2 meters. How high does
the stone rise when the string is inclined at an angle of 60° to the vertical A. it does not rise
B. 2.3 meters C. 4meters D. 1 meter E. 3 meters
12. A world congress of mathematicians was held in Nice in 1970 with 800 participating. There were 300
from Europe, 200 from America, 150 from Asia, 45 from Africa and 105 from Australia. Representing
the above on a pie chart the angle of the sector representing the participants from Asia is A. 150°
B.67/2° C. 67° D. 135° E. 68°
13. The scores of a set of final year students in the first semester examination in a paper are 41, 29, 55, 21,
1
47, 70, 70, 40, 43, 56, 73, 23, 50, 50. Find the median of the scores A. 47 B. 48 C. 50 D. 48 E.49
2
14. Solve the simultaneous equations for X in x2 + y -8 = 0, y + 5x -2 = 0 A. -28, 7 B. 6,-2 C. 6, -1
D. -1, 7 E. 3, 2
15. Correct each of the numbers 59.81798 and 0.0746829 to three significant figures and multiply them,
giving your answer to three significant figures. A. 4.46 B. 4.48 C. 4.47 D. 4.49 E. 4.50
16. The colors seen in thin films of oil on the road in soap bubbles are due to A. Reflection
B. Interference C. Diffraction D. Polarization
17. In free fall, a body of mass 1 kg drops from a height of 125m from rest in 5s. How long will it take
another body of mass 2kg to fall from rest from the same report? A. 5s B. 10s C. 12s D. 15s [g=10ms-2]
18. A ball of mass 0.15kg is kicked against a rigid vertical wall with a horizontal velocity of 30ms-1, calculate
the impact of the ball on the wall. A. 3.0Ns B. 4.5Ns C. 7.5Ns D. 12.0Ns
19. A lead ball of mass 0.05kg is fired with a velocity of 200ms-1 into a lead block of mass 0.95kg. Given
that the lead block can move freely, the final kinetic energy after impact is A. 50J B. 100J C. 150J
D. 200J
20. When the brakes in a car are applied, the frictional force on the tyres is A. disadvantage because it is
in the direction of motion of the car B. disadvantage because it is in the opposite direction of motion
of the car C. An advantage because it is in the direction of motion of the car D. An advantage
because it is in the opposite direction of motion of the car
21. Given the mean atomic mass of chlorine prepared in the laboratory to be 35.5 and assuming that
chlorine contains two isotopes of mass number 35 and 37. What is the percentage composition of the
isotope of the mass number 35? A. 20 B. 25 C. 50 D.75 E. 90
22. When dilute hydrochloric acid is added to iron (II) sulphide, the gas evolved will A. turn moist red
litmus paper blue B. turn lime water milky C. blacken lead acetate paper D. rekindle a glowing
splint E. burn with a squeakily pop
23. Hardening of an oil may be achieved by A. boiling the oil with water B. boiling the oil with a catalyst
C. treating the oil with sodium hydroxide D. treating the oil with hydrogen and catalyst E. distilling
the oil under reduced pressure
24. Which of the following derivatives of nitrogen affords an aqueous solution having a pH of less than 7
A. N2O B. NO C. NO2 D. NaNO3 E. NH3
25. Cellulose and starches can be classified as one of the following A. Sugars B. Sucrose C. Hydrocarbons
D. Carbohydrates E. Isomers

In each of the following sentences, there is one word or group of words underlined and one gap.
From the list of words lettered A to E, choose the most nearly opposite in meaning to the underlined
word and that will at the same time, correctly fill the gap in the sentences from questions 26 - 32.
26. By nature armed robbers are ruthless, l have never seen anyone among them… A. humane B.
barbarous C. ferocious D. mean E. decent
27. The taxi driver slowed while overtaking the lorry when the proper thing to do was for him to have ….
A. throttled B. dispatched C. expedited D. negotiated E. accelerated
28. The probationary workers do not have the same right as …. staff A. approved B. dismissed
C. postponed D. confirmed E. provoked
29. The journey by road ….. where the rail journey ended. A. concluded B. originated C. commenced
D. established E. meandered
30. Instead of laughing about this serious matter you should …. A. whimpering B. sober C. bitter
D. indifferent E. unconcerned
31. After years of hostility the two communities now live in …. A. bondage B. security C. enmity
D. equanimity E. unconcerned
32. Mrs. Apata is always moody while her husband is forever …. A. cheerful B. willing C. tender
D. loving E. petulant
33. The major site of photosynthesis in the leaf is the A. palisade parenchyma B. mesophyll parenchyma
C. upper epidermis D. lower epidermis
34. The bone of the neck on which the skull rests is known as the A. odontoid process B. axis C. atlas
D. occipital condoyle
35. On what structures are the units of inheritance situated A. golgi bodies B. ribosome C. chromosome
D. endoplasmic reticulum
36. Production of naked seeds is a distinctive feature of the group of plants called A. grasses B. conifers
C. legumes D. palms
37. The most successful group of animals in terms of diversity of species is A. Mollusca B. Arthropoda
C. Mammalia D. Play the helminthes
1 1 1 1
38. Solve the simultaneous equations: 2x - 3y + 10 = 10x - 6y = 5 A. x = 2 , y = 3 B. x= 3 , y = 2 C. D. E.
2 2 4 2
39. If f(x – 2) = 4x2 + x + 7, find f(1) A. 12 B. 27 C. 7 D. 46 E. 17
40. If Musa scored 75 in biology instead of 57, his average mark in four subjects would have been 60.
What was his total mark? A. 282 B. 240 C. 222 D. 210
41. Find the reciprocal of A. B. C. D. E.
42. The ages of Tosan and Isa differ by 6 and the product of their ages is 187. Write their ages in the form
(x,y) where x > y A. (12,6) B. (23,17) C. (17,11) D. (18,12)
43. When the volume of a given mass of gas is halved and its temperature doubled the pressure
A. remains constant B. increases by a factor of 4 C. increases by a factor of 3 D. decreases by a
factor of 4
44. A beam of light is incident from the air to water at an angle of 30°. Find the angle of refraction if the
refraction index is 4/3 A. 15° B. 18° C. 22° D. 24°
45. The field that results from the contact of a positively charged ball with the inner wall of an uncharged
hollow conducting sphere is A. inside the sphere B. on the surface of the ball C. inside and outside
the sphere D. outside the sphere
46. Which of the following correctly explains why soft iron is preferred to steel electromagnets
A. Conductor is magnetized B. magnetic field of the current interacts with external magnetic field
C. force is due to the motor principle D. electric field of the current Interacts with the external
magnetic field
47. A simple cell with mercury amalgamated zinc electrode prevents A. local action B. polarization
C. buckling D. degradation
48. Which of these is an acid salt? A. K2SO4Al2(SO4)2.24H2O B. CUCO3CU(OH)2 C. NaHSO4 D. CaOCl2
49. Calculate the mass in kilograms of magnesium produced by the electrolysis of magnesium(II)chloride
in a cell operating for 24hours at 500 amperes A. 2.7 B. 5.4 C. 10.8 D. 21.7
{faraday = 96,500Cmol-1 Mg = 24}
50. Sodium hydroxide solution can be conveniently stored in a container made of A. Lead B. Zinc
C. Aluminum D. Copper
51. . An organic compound containing 40.1 % carbon and 6.67% hydrogen has an empirical formula of
A. C2H2A2 B. C2H2O2 C. CH2O D. CH3O
52. Which of the following are Isomers A. Ethanol and dimethylether B. Benzene and methylbenzene
C. Ethanol and propane D. Trichloromethane and tetrachloromethane
53. Which of the following is not an excretory organ A. Lungs B. Kidney C. Leaf D. Large intestine E.
Skin
54. One of the following statements is not true of viruses A. they are micro-organisms B. they are smaller
than bacteria C. they can be seen with an ordinary light microscope D. they cause tobacco disease
E. they cause polio and smallpox
55. One significant difference between roots and stems is that A. branch roots originate in the pericycle
while branch stems do not B. stems are always below the ground while roots are always under the
ground C. stems are positively geotropic while roots are negatively geotropic D. stems are
sometimes used for storage while roots are never so used E. stems grow in both length and
circumference while roots grow only in length
56. In Mucor or Rhizopus carbohydrate is absorbed in form of A. starch B. sucrose C. glucose D. glycogen
E. arabinose
57. Some of the features of an animal are scales, teeth, nails and backbones. The animal is likely to be a
A. toad B. bird C. lizard D. Rat E. bat
58. Solve for a positive number x such that 2(x3 – x2 – 2x) = 1 A. 4 B.3 C.2 D.1
59. A square tile has side 30cm. How many of these tiles will cover a rectangular floor of length 7.2m and
Width 4.2m A. 336 B.420 C.576 D.720
4 1
60. Simplify 4 - 6 A. B. C. D.
3 4
61. Three brothers in a business deal share the profit at the end of a contract. The first received 1/ 3 of the
profit and the second 2/3 of the remainder. If the third received the remaining N12,000.00, how much
profit did they share A. 60,000 B.54,000 C. 48,000 D. 42,000
62. A car painter charges N40.00 per day for himself and N10.00 per day for his assistance. If a fleet of cars
were painted for N2, 000.00 and the painter worked 10 days more than his assistant, how much did
the assistant receive? A. N32.00 B. N320.00 C. N420.00 D. N1680.00
63. Determine the inductive reactance when a 30.0mH inductor with a negligible resistance is connected
to a 1.3 x 104 Hz oscillator. A. 0Ω B. 122.5Ω C. 245.0Ω D. 39000.0Ω
64. Natural radioactivity is the random spontaneous disintegration of the nuclei of heavy isotopes of
certain elements with the emission of A. ,  and X-rays B. ,  and  C. X,  and -rays
D. and X-rays
65. A piece of wood floats inside water at room temperature with a fraction of it above the liquid surface.
As the temperature of the water is raised, the part of the wood above the liquid will A. decrease
because the density of water decreases with temperature B. increase because the density of water
decreases with temperature C. decrease because the density of water increases with temperature D.
increase because the density of water increases with temperature
66. A temperature scale has a lower fixed point of 40mm and an upper fixed point of 200mm. What is the
reading on this scale when a thermometer reads 60°C A. 33.3mm B. 36.0mm C.96.0mm D. 136.0mm
67. Which of the following is the exclusive property of a transverse wave A. diffraction B. refraction
C. compression D. polarization
68. Which of the following changes is physical A. adding iron fillings to aerated water B. adding
sodium metal to water C. cooling a solution of iron(II)sulphate to obtain the hydrated salt
D. cooling water to obtain ice E. burning the domestic gas (Utilgas) for cooking
69. By means of filtration one component can be obtained pure from an aqueous mixture of sodium
chloride and A. potassium nitrate B. sand C. lead nitrate D. sugar (glucose) E. starch
70. A gas jar is inverted over burning yellow phosphorus floating over water in a beaker, after burning, the
water level was to rise in the gas jar. The water level rises because A. pressure inside the gas jar is
greater than pressure outside it B. the air in the gas jar had been used up by burning C. oxygen in
the gas jar had been used up by burning D. nitrogen in the gas jar had been used up by burning
E. the temperature in the jar had risen considerably
71. You are provided with five gas jars containing SO2, CO2, H2, CO and NO respectively. Select a test from
A to E which will identify ANY ONE of the gases completely A. pass the gas into water B. pass each
gas into water and test with litmus paper C. pass each gas into concentrated sulphuric acid
D. expose each gas to atmospheric air E. expose each gas to fumes of hydrogen chloride
72. The oxidation state of manganese in potassium permanganate is A. +7 B. +5 C. +3 D. +2 E. +1

From the words lettered A - D, choose the word that has the same vowel sound as the one represented
by the letter(s) underlined in questions 73-80
73. Work A. port B. talk C. nurse D. lock
74. Grew A. sew B. who C. pull D. know
75. Deep A. police B. twice C. twice D. kick
76. Hill A. chief B. hike C. save D. fit
77. Best A. regale B. vehicle C. many D. legal
78. Hunt A. rough B. cough C. huge D. burnt
79. Flock A. love B. onion C. bottle D. saw
80. Force A. worse B. pause C. bus D. yam
81. If an organic compound as its hydrogen : oxygen ratio as 2:1, it is likely to be A. a protein B. a
carbohydrate C. a fat D. a fatty acid and glycerol E. an amino acid
82. Which of the following substance is NOT found in urine A. water B. sodium chloride C. nitrogen
compounds D. calcium chloride E. nitrogenous salt
83. Which of these worms is beneficial to man A. hookworm B. tapeworm C. roundworm D. earthworm
E. guinea worm
84. Which of the following diseases could be exclusively associated with a river basin A. malaria B.
syphilis C. onchocerciasis D. cholera E. poliomyelitis
85. The mouth parts of the housefly are adapted for A. lapping and sponging B. sucking and chewing
C. piercing and sucking D. chewing and lapping E. biting and chewing
86. On each market day Mrs. Bassey walks to the market from her home at a steady speed. This journey
normally takes her 2 hours to complete. She finds, however, that by increasing her usual speed by
1
1km/hr she can save 20 minutes. Find her usual speed in km/hr A. 1 B.2 C. 5 D.6 E.10
3
87. What is the greatest straight line distance between two vertical (corners) of a cube whose sides are
2,239cm long? A. 2239cm B. 2 x 2239cm C. 32239cm D. 3 x 2239cm E. 4478cm
88. A father is now three time as old as his son. Twelve years ago he was six times as old as his son. How
old are the son and the father? A. 20 & 45 B. 100 & 150 C. 45 & 65 D. 35 & 75 E.20 & 60
89. Which of the following is NOT a factor 122 and 54 A. 7 B. 13 C. 17 D. 49 E. 169
2 1 3 3 1
90. Simplify 3 – 2 + A. 1 B -1 C. 1 D. 1 E. 1
5 2 4 10 3
91. When the bottom tip of a vibrating tuning fork is held in contact with a wooden box, a louder sound is
heard. This phenomenon is known as A. beats B. echoing C. resonance D. reverberation
92. Which of the following statements is CORRECT about the earth’s magnetic field. A. the angle of dip is
the angle which a freely suspended magnet makes with the vertical B. the angle of declination is the
angle between C. the magnetic compass makes with the magnetic meridian D. the angle of
inclination is the difference between the angle of dip and angle of declination
93. What is the least possible error in using a rule graduated in centimeters? A. 0.1cm B. 0.5cm C. 1.0cm
D. 2.0cm
94. A body starts from rest and moves with uniform acceleration of 6ms-2. What distance does it cover in
the third second A. 15m B. 18m C. 27m D. 30m
95. One of the most important applications of bimetallic strip is found in the construction of A. a
thermostat B. an altimeter C. a thermocouple D. hygrometer
96. If atom X with six electrons in its outermost shell combines with atom Y with only one electron in its
outermost shell to form an ionic compound, then A. six atoms of X will combine with one of Y B.
two atoms of X will combine with six of Y C. one atom of X will combine with two of Y D. two atoms
of X will combine with one of Y E. one atom of X will combine with six of Y
97. The nitrogen gas obtained by burning an excess of phosphorus in air has a density higher than the
nitrogen from nitrogen compounds because the nitrogen from air is contaminated with A. some
unburnt phosphorus B. P2O4 vapor C. some oxygen D. rare gases E. carbon dioxide
98. When air is passed through alkaline pyrogallol and then over quicklime, the only gases left are
A. nitrogen and carbonate B. the rare gases C. nitrogen and oxygen D. nitrogen and the rare gases
E. nitrogen, carbon dioxide and the rare gases
99. Which of the following statements is INCORRECT? A. Calcium reacts with water to form calcium
hydroxide B. Magnesium reacts very slowly with cold water but faster with warm water C. Iron will
not react with water in absence of air D. Sodium reacts with water E. Copper reacts with steam
100. In the chemical reaction A + B = C + D, more of D is formed A. if the concentration of A is
reduced B. if the concentration of B is reduced C. if the concentration of C is increased D. if D is
continuously removed from the reaction mixture