Civil Rights

Directions: Use the power-points attached to complete the guide.

Civil Rights in the 1940s–1950s Sec 1
1. Define de jure segregation. segregation is impost by law
2. Define de facto segregation. segregation by unwritten custom or tradition
3. Where was de jure segregation? (north or south)
4. Where was de facto segregation? (north or south)
5. Describe de facto [Link] the north, discrimination in housing and employment;
only low paying jobs were avaliable
6. Jackie Robinson became the first African American to play major league baseball.
7. What is CORE? the congress of racial equality
8. African American veterans were unwilling to accept discrimination at home after
risking their lives overseas.
9. Who led the NAACP legal team in Brown v. Board of Education? thurgood marshall
10. Who was the Chief Justice in Brown v. Board of Education? earl warren
11. Give the two main points in the Brown v. Board of Education decision. violates the 14th
amendment; separate but equal cannot be in public education
12. Name and describe the group that opposed Brown v. Board of Education. 100 white
southern member of congress opposed the decision; in 1956 they endorsed "the
southern manifesto" to lawfully oppose brown
13. What is the “The Southern Manifesto”? saying that school could not be integrated with
both whites and blacks together
14. Who are the “Little Rock Nine”? first black students to go to an all white school
15. What launched the modern civil rights movement? montgomery bus boycott
16. How long did the bus boycott last? more than a year
17. What is the SCLC?southern christian leader conference
a. Who started it? mlk and ralph abernathy
Summarize the section above in 4-5 sentences. Use your own words. Type the summary in
RED.
- African American veterans were unwilling to accept discrimination at home after risking
their lives overseas. 100 white southern member of congress opposed the decision; in 1956
they endorsed "the southern manifesto" to lawfully oppose brown. The Montgomery bus
boycott launched the modern civil rights movement and it last more than a year.
Civil Rights 1960–1964 Section 2
18. What is the SNCC? student nonviolent coordinating committee
19. What are the Freedom Rides? civil rights activates who rode the bus from dc to new
orleans to integrate the bus systems
 20. What happened to the freedom riders? they were almost killed
21. Who intervened? Why? kennedy to protect the riders
22. Who is James Meredith? black air force veteran who tried to enroll at the white
university of mississippi
23. What happened when Meredith arrived on campus? a riot and two people were killed
24. What did JFK do to protect Meredith? sent in federal marshals to protect him
25. Where was the South’s most segregated city? birmingham al
26. What was the purpose of the March on Washington? to pressure the president to sign
the civil rights bill
27. What speech did Dr. King give at the March on Washington?"I Have A Dream"
28. Where was the headquarters of the SCLC in Birmingham? 16th street baptist church
29. What happened there? a bombing that killed 4 little girls
30. What happened November 22, 1963? JFK was assassinated
31. Who was the VP? LBJ
32. Who opposed the legislation in the Senate? southern senators
33. List 3 things the Civil Rights Act of 1964 included. banned segregation in public
accommodations; gave government the power to desegregate schools; outlawed
discrimination in employment
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RED.
- Freedom riders were being attacked in still segregated cities in Alabama. President JFK sent
in protecting for the freedom riders. James Meredith tried to enroll in to the all white
University of Mississippi and a riot broke out leaving two people dead. JFK sent in federal
marshals to protect him. Birmingham (Bombingham) was the most segregated city in the
South.
Civil Rights 1964–1975 Section 3
34. How did southern states African Americans from voting? literacy tests, poll taxes, and
intimidation
35. What was Freedom Summer? the sncc enlisted 1000 volunteers to help african
americans in the south register to vote
36. What happened to 3 of the SNCC volunteers helping African Americans in the South
register to vote? they were murdered
37. What is the MFDP? mississippi freedom democratic party
38. What was the purpose of the march on Selma? to pressure congress to pass voting
rights laws
a. What happened? bloody sunday; violence
39. What did the Voting Rights Act of 1965 say? literacy test are illegal, and the federal
government can come in and oversee voter registratiob
40. How many years later was it extended to Hispanic voters? 10 years
 41. What is the Twenty-fourth Amendment? banned poll tax and limited gerrymandering
42. What is the principle of “one man, one vote”?
43. What happened in the summer of 1967? violent race riots broke out
44. What was the purpose of the Kerner Commission? to find out why race riots were
happening
a. What they determine? b/c of racial discrimination
b. What happened with the policies they suggested?
45. Who is Malcom X? opposite of mlk
46. Who are the Black Panthers? became the symbol of young militant african americans
47. What happened April 4, 1968? mlk assassination
Summarize the section above in 4-5 sentences. Use your own words. Type the summary in
RED.
Southrern states tried to prevent African Americans from voting by literacy test, polls taxes
and intimidation. The 24th Amendment banned poll tax and limited gerrymanderings. In the
summer of 1967 violent race riots broke out. Kenner Commission tried to find out why race
riots were happening