HT3101

Verses of HALAL & HARAM

Facilitator:
Pg Dr Hjh Norkhairiah binti Pg Hj Hashim
Assistant Professor
Halalan Thayyiban Research Centre
Surah Al Araf (7: 157)
 Surah Al Araf (7: 157)

Those who follow the Messenger, the uninstructed Prophet, Muhammad

whom they will find inscribed in their Torah and Gospel, in name and
Al Jalalain: Those who follow the Messenger, the
description,
uninstructed Prophet, Muhammad whom they will find
inscribed in their Torah and Gospel, in name and
description,
Ibnu Kathir
Imam Ahmad recorded that:
 Surah Al Araf (7: 157)
Those who follow the Messenger, the uninstructed Prophet, Muhammad whom they will find inscribed in their
Torah and Gospel, in name and description, Those who follow the
Messenger, the uninstructed
Prophet, Muhammad whom
they will find inscribed in their
Torah and Gospel, in name and
description,

Those who follow the Messenger, the uninstructed Prophet,

Muhammad whom they will find inscribed in their Torah and Gospel,
in name and description,
Al Jalalain: enjoining them to decency and forbidding them indecency,
Those who follow the Messenger, the uninstructed Prophet, Muhammad whom they will find inscribed in their Torah and
making lawful for them the good
Gospel, things,
in name which were forbidden [to them]
and description,
by their Law, and making unlawful for them the vile things, such as carrion
and the like, and relieving them of their burden, their onus, and the
shackles, the hardships,
Ibn Kathir:
Al Jalalain: Then those who believe in him, from among
them, and honour, revere, him, and help him, and
follow the light that has been revealed with him,
namely, the Qur’ān, they are the ones who will
prosper’.
The message of Allah is composed of
informative and directive parts
• As for the informative, it is Allah informing us about Himself,
such as tauhid (theology), or His informing us about His
creation, such as the stories of previous peoples and
Prophets in which are contained for us lessons, threats and
promises.
• The directive part consists of commands to do, commands
not to do, and things left to our choice and discretion.
• From this verse, it is clear that enjoining right and prohibiting
wrong is one of the greatest good works that we have been
ordered to do.
Prophet SAW facilitate matters related to
daily life
• The coming of the Prophet SAW was intended to
elaborate on the halal haram, to facilitate
matters related to daily life including the receipt
of halal food and avoidance of prohibited food
(al-Tabari, 2009c:631, Ibn Kathir, 2008b:468 and
M. Quraish, 2002a:259).
• The prophet (pbuh) was delivering Allah’s
message and obeying Him (4:80). On the other
hand the prophet (pbuh) was also guided by the
Qur'an itself and his main duty was to deliver
the message of the Qur'an and advising people
to obey it
• The hadith as narrated by Salman al-Farsi in Sunan Ibn Majah

َّ ‫ْال َح ََل ُل َما أَ َح َّل‬

َّ ‫ َوا ْل َح َرا ُم َما َحرَّ َم‬،‫َّللاُ ِفي ِك َت ِاب ِه‬
‫َّللاُ ِفي‬
‫ َفه َُو ِممَّا َع َفا َع ْن ُه‬،ُ‫ت َع ْنه‬ َ ‫ َو َما َس َك‬،‫ِك َت ِاب ِه‬
Halal is what God has made halal in His Book and
Haram is what God has made haram in His Book, and
whatever there is silence about it has been forgiven
(allowed).

(Ibn Majah, 3367)

Can The Prophets Prohibit What God Has Not
Prohibited In The Quran?
• The above verse, only mean that what the Prophet prohibits is what
God has forbidden through His revelations contained in the Quran.
Moreover, God has prevented the Prophet from forbidding to
himself what God has not forbidden.
• (66:1) O Prophet! Why do you hold to be forbidden that which Allah
has made lawful to you?
• How can then the Prophet forbid to others what God has not
forbidden? The Prophet therefore only forbade to others what God
has forbidden in the Quran and enjoined what God has enjoined.
There is therefore nothing forbidden to mankind beyond what is
forbidden for them in the Quran
Who enjoins upon them what is right and
forbids them what is wrong
• In these verse, Allah SWT has made the enjoining of good and
forbidding of evil a characteristic with which to differentiate
between the believers and the hypocrites.
• He makes it clear that forbidding evil and enjoining good is a trait
specific to the believers. Indeed, it is with this trait that Allah SWT
sent His Messengers and revealed His Books.
• It is a characteristic of our prophet Muhammad SAW which quran
mention thus:
• “who enjoins upon them what is right and forbids them what is
wrong”.
What Is Ma'ruf (Right) And Munkar
(Wrong)?
• Carrying out the punishments prescribed by Allah on
whoever transgresses the bounds of the shari'a is a
part of prohibiting wrong. It is obligatory upon those
in authority (Uluu-ulamr) i.e. the scholars from each
group or nation, and their amirs, and their elders, to
stand over the general population enjoining good and
prohibiting wrong, thus ordering them with all that
which Allah and His Prophet have enjoined.
the good (ma'ruf)
• For example, the rulings of Islamic Law (Shari'a) e.g. the five
prayers in their proper time periods, obligatory alms,
obligatory fasting, and pilgrimage to Makka. Also, belief in
Allah, His angels, His revealed books, His prophets, and the
Judgement Day, belief in the pre-destination of all things the
good and the bad, and the concept of ihsaan (the highest
level of iman or faith) which means to worship Allah as if you
see Him for, verily, even if you do not see Him, He always
sees you. Moreover, the good (ma'ruf) includes everything
both internal and external which has been enjoined by Allah
and His Prophet.
• These include: absolute sincerity to Allah (ikhlaas), dependance on
Allah (tawakkal), that Allah and His Prophet be more beloved to the
believer than anyone else, hope for Allah's mercy and fear of His
punishment, patience with the decree of Allah and complete
surrender to His order, truthfulness of speech, fulfilling of obligations,
returning trusts to their owners, good behavior toward parents,
maintaining of family ties, cooperation in all acts of righteousness and
good, benevolence and generosity toward one's neighbors, orphans,
poor people, stranded travellers, companions, spouses, and servants,
justice and fairness in speech and actions, calling people to good
character, and acts of forbearance such as establishing relations with
those who cut you off, giving those who deny you, and forgiving those
who oppress you. Enjoining people to be close together and
cooperative, and forbidding them differing and dividing themselves is
also a part of enjoining what is right
bad (munkar)
• As for the bad (munkar) which Allah and His prophet have forbidden,
its ultimate and worst form is the association of partners with Allah.
Associationism means to pray to someone or something else along
with Allah. This partner could be the sun, the moon, stars or planets,
an angel, one of the prophets, a righteous man or saint, one of the
jinn, images or graves of any of these, or anything else which is called
to other than Allah the Exalted. Associationism is also to seek aid
from any of the above, or to prostrate to them. All of this and
anything like it is the associationism (shirk) forbidden by Allah on the
tongues of all of His prophets.
• Everything which Allah has forbidden is also part of the
munkar such as unjustified killing, taking people's property
by unlawful means, taking of property by force or
intimidation, interest, or gambling, all types of sales or
contracts which the Prophet has prohibited, breaking of
family ties, cruelty to parents, cheating in weights and
measures, and any form of transgression on the rights of
others. Also in this category are all innovated acts of
"worship" which Allah and His prophet have not ordained or
sanctioned.
Methodology Of Enjoining Right And
Forbidding Wrong
• Enjoining right and forbidding wrong is done sometimes with the
heart, sometimes with the tongue, and sometimes with the hand (i.e.
physical force). As for practicing it with the heart, it is obligatory upon
everyone in every time and situation, since its practice brings no
hardship. Whoever fails to do even that is not even a believer as in
the full version of the previously cited hadith: "Whoever of you sees
wrong being committed, let him rectify it with his hand, if he is
unable, then with his tongue, and if he us unable, then with his
heart, and this is the weakest of faith -- or in another version:
beyond this there is not a single mustard seed's weight of faith
(iman)."
Focus On What Is Important and Not On the Trivial
• Focus your energies more on the good that God enjoins on us
avoiding what God has clearly forbidden. For all other things not
specifically forbidden, use your reason and discretion and avoid
excess or that which takes us away from what is good and pure and
enjoined on us. Once we prioritize the good that is enjoined, we will
automatically avoid all that which takes us away from it.
• Going into excessive detail about what is forbidden will make us avoid
what is trivial ignoring what is important. It is far more important to
do the right things than avoid minor mistakes through excessive
caution. Show excessive concern for truth, justice, fair play, good
neighbourliness, forgiveness and showing gratitude rather than sweat
for the sartorial conventions in Islam. You can deceive man by
outward appearances but not Allah.
Enjoy the good things of life giving thanks to God
• The good things of this world are meant to be enjoyed. Pleasure and
enjoyment are not forbidden but enjoy the all good things of life
giving thanks to God for God says:
• (7:31) O Children of Adam! wear your beautiful apparel at every time
and place of prayer: eat and drink: But waste not by excess, for Allah
loveth not the wasters.
• (32) Say: Who hath forbidden the beautiful (gifts) of Allah, which He
hath produced for His servants, and the things, clean and pure,
(which He hath provided) for sustenance? Say: They are, in the life of
this world, for those who believe, (and) purely for them on the Day of
Judgment. Thus do We explain the signs in detail for those who
understand.
Benefits Must Outweigh Negative
Consequences
• Enjoining right and forbidding wrong being one
of the greatest obligations or commendable acts
in Islam, it is essential that the benefit therein
outweigh its negative consequences. This is the
general spirit of the messages of the prophets
and the revealed books, and Allah does not like
chaos and corruption.
 Selling & Buying – “Halal’ Permitted in Islam
&
Prohibition Against Cheating and Misleading

It is wajib for a merchant to avoid all buying and

selling (transaction) that is not sahh, haram or
makruh.

Merchant should be careful and not to cheat,

mislead others or conceal the commodities they
trade in because from religious perspective, such
actions are very unlawful

Hadith Rasulullah saying haram and sin to cheat :

‫من غشنا فليس منا‬

“ Whoever cheats us is not of us”
 To summarise, selling the defective goods is
forbidden except after the defect are made clear
one by one.
If the defect are not revealed and among those
witnessing the sale is someone who knows of the
defect within the community, then he should
explain it. This is what is stated in a hadith, and this
reminder is considered wajib.

The reminder from Rasulullah with regards to selling

and buying that is not safe from cheating, swearing
and lying. Remember such actions can blot out the
barakah (blessing).

Rasulullah said: “ Beware of much swearing in

buying and selling, verily it promotes sale but blots
out blessing”
One example of deception in
business
• When a Muslim who is the licensee of the restaurant
or a food outlet, leases his licence to a non-muslim to
conduct business at the restaurant. This means that
he has deviated and is not maintaining the trust given
to him. When the licensing authority issued him the
restaurant licence, it implies that they had evaluated
certain aspects [of the application] and had issued the
licence on the basis of the provisions stipulated.
• When the licence was in turn given or leased to a non
muslim, who marks or labels the restaurant or food
outlet with names signifying muslim ownership and
management, then the muslim involved here is not
free from sin, example the sin of cheating and
misleading Muslims themselves. Such as sin is called
al ghishsh (trickery) in Arabic. Al Ghishsh according to
az zawajir is a major sin. There are many hadith on it,
one of which is the hadith mentioned above.
Conclusion
• As a Muslim it is an obligation to follow the Messenger of Allah,
Prophet Muhammad SAW
• the prophet guide us to enjoin upon what is right and to avoid what
is wrong
• The prophet emphasized on consuming lawful and good things and
prohibits for them the evil
• whoever believed in him, honored him, supported him and followed
the light which was sent down with him - it is those who will be the
successful.
Bnenefits from the verse:
• Food is definitely man’s basic need for survival. Therefore, consuming
good quality food bounded by Islamic dietary laws is vital for good
health which will lead to the development of good quality human

Thank You
capital.

• Islamic dietary code of laws basically based on the concept of halal

(lawful) and haram (unlawful). Muslims must eat halal food and must
prevent themselves from consuming any haram food. On top of that,
food that is halal to be consumed must also good (tayyib) of
nutritional quality which are a foundation of good health.