THE UNIVERSITY OF ZAMBIA

SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL & ELECTRONIC
ENGINEERING
UNIVERSITY MID-YEAR EXAMINATIONS

JULY 2022

EEE 3131
DIGITAL ELECTRONICS

Time: Three (3) hours.

Answer any five (5) questions.

All questions carry equal marks (20 marks each)
QUESTION 1

1.1 Find the decimal equivalent of the following binary numbers expressed in the 2’s
complement format:
(a) 00001110 [2 marks]
(b) 10001110 [3 marks]
1.2 Find the octal equivalent of 73.7510 [2 marks]
1.3 Find the hexadecimal equivalent of 82.2510 [2 marks]
1.4 Find the binary equivalent of the decimal number 13.375 [2 marks]
1.5 Find the excess-3 code of 237. [2 marks]
1.6 Determine the binary equivalent of the hexadecimal number 16 5F [2 marks]
1.7 What is the binary result of 1112 x 1012? [2 marks]
1.8 Divide (100.0001)2 by (10.1)2 correctly to two binary places [3 marks]

[Total: 20 Marks]

QUESTION 2
2.1 In a car security system, we usually want to connect the siren in such a way that the siren
will activate when it is triggered by one or more sensors. In addition, there will be a master
switch to turn the system on or off. Let us assume that there is a car door switch D, a
vibration detector switch V, and the master switch M. We will use the convention that when
the door is opened D = 1, otherwise, D = 0. Similarly, when the car is being shaken, V = 1,
otherwise, V = 0. Thus, we want the siren S to turn on, that is, set S = 1, when either D = 1
or V = 1, or when both D = 1and V = 1, but only for when the system is turned on, that is,
when M = 1. However, when we turn off the system, and either enter or drive the car, we do
not want the siren to turn on. Hence, when M = 0, it does not matter what values D and V
have, the siren should remain off.

Given the above description of a car security system, build a digital circuit that meets the
specifications. Start by constructing a truth table, extract and simplify the equation then
construct the logic circuit.
[4+2+4=10 marks]

2.2 Use karnaugh map to simplify the Boolean expression:

Y  ABC  ABC  ABCD  ABCD [4 marks]

2.3 Derive the Boolean expression and the truth table of the circuit given in Fig 2.1.

[2+4=6 marks]

[Total: 20 Marks]

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 Fig 2.1

Question 3
3.1 Using the four variable minterm Boolean expression below:
Y  ABCD  ABCD  ABCD  ABCD  ABCD  ABCD  ABCD  ABCD
Draw the minterm karnaugh map. [6 marks]
3.2 From the karnaugh map above, extract the minimized expression. [2 marks]
3.3 State two advantages of Integrated Circuits (IC). [4 marks]
3.4 Define Noise margin with regards to logic families. [2 marks]

3.5 What is the main advantage that CMOS logic families have over bipolar logic families?
[2 marks]
3.6 How many inputs of a low-power Schottky TTL NAND can be reliably driven from a
single output of a Schottky TTL NAND, given the following relevant specifications for
the devices of two TTL subfamilies: [4 marks]
Schottky TTL: IOH=1.0 mA; IIH= 0.05 mA; IOL=20.0 mA; IIL=2.0mA
Low-power Schottky TTL: IOH=0.4 mA; IIH= 0.02 mA; IOL=8.0 mA; IIL=0.4mA
[Total: 20 Marks]

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Question 4
4.1 Study the VHDL code given in Fig 4.1 carefully and draw the logic circuit represented
by the code. [8 marks]
4.2 Draw the truth table of the circuit extracted above. [6 marks]
4.3 Design a circuit to convert 4-bit binary code to 4-bit gray code. [3 marks]
4.4 Design a circuit to convert 4-bit gray code to 4-bit binary code. [3 marks]

LIBRARY IEEE;
USE IEEE.STD_LOGIC_1164.ALL;
ENTITY New_Dawn IS PORT (
x, y, z: IN STD_LOGIC;
a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h: OUT STD_LOGIC);
END New_Dawn;

ARCHITECTURE Bally OF New_Dawn IS

BEGIN
h <= (NOT x) AND (NOT y) AND (NOT z);
g <= (NOT x) AND (NOT y) AND z;
f <= (NOT x) AND y AND (NOT z);
e <= (NOT x) AND y AND z;
d <= x AND (NOT y) AND (NOT z);
c <= x AND (NOT y) AND z;
b <= x AND y AND (NOT z);
a <= x AND y AND z;
END Bally;

Fig 4.1
[Total: 20 marks]

Question 5
5.1 Design a circuit that will convert a 2-MHz input frequency into a 0.4-MHz output
frequency. [6 marks]

5.2 Differentiate between:

(a) Synchronous and asynchronous inputs; [2 marks]

(b) level-triggered and edge-triggered flip-flops; [2 marks]

(c) Active LOW and active HIGH inputs. [2 marks]

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5.3 Construct the truth table for a full-subtractor. [8 marks]

[Total: 20marks]

Question 6
6.1 Using the diagram of the state machine in Fig 6.1, extract the Equations for Anext, Bnext
and output Y.
[3+3+2= 8 marks]
6.2 Using the same diagram of Fig 6.1, develop the State Table of the given state machine.
[12 marks]
[Total: 20 Marks]

Fig 6.1

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Question 7
7.1 Name any five (5) components of an 8085 Microprocessor. [5 marks]
7.2 Name the three buses used by the Microprocessor to communicate with other devices and
state what each bus is used for. [6 marks]
7.3 State two advantages that Dynamic RAM has over Static RAM. [2 marks]
7.4 Name any three types of ROM. [3 marks]
7.5 Using Fig 7.1 and assuming that the closed base of the transistor represents a ‘1’ and the
open base represents a ‘0’. Write the truth table that shows the memory addresses and
their respective content. [4 marks]
[Total: 20 Marks]

Fig 7.1

End of Exam, Best Wishes!!!