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Enhancing Observation Skills and Perception

This document outlines the key concepts and processes involved in observation, description, and reporting. It discusses three psychological processes for accurate observation: attention, perception, and report. It also identifies factors that influence attention, perception, and reporting such as size, change, repetition, striking quality, and organic condition of the observer. The document categorizes types of attention, memory, and factors involved in perception and governing reports.

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john villanueva
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385 views2 pages

Enhancing Observation Skills and Perception

This document outlines the key concepts and processes involved in observation, description, and reporting. It discusses three psychological processes for accurate observation: attention, perception, and report. It also identifies factors that influence attention, perception, and reporting such as size, change, repetition, striking quality, and organic condition of the observer. The document categorizes types of attention, memory, and factors involved in perception and governing reports.

Uploaded by

john villanueva
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

Observation and Description (ODEX)

OBSERVATION (Taking notice) – Is a complete and accurate awareness by an individual of his surroundings and
encompasses the use of all of our major senses to register and recognize its operational and/or intelligence significance.

DESCRIPTION – Is the actual and factual reporting of one‘s own observations or the reported sensory experience recounted
by another. The only way you become aware of anything is through your senses.

THREE (3) PSYCHOLOGICAL PROCESSES FOR ACCURATE OBSERVATION:


A. ATTENTION – Consists of the psychological process involved in becoming aware of a
fact (aware of the existence of a fact).
B. PERCEPTION – Consists of the psychological process involved in understanding this fact of awareness through
understanding (i.e., through the smell of a flower, you can guess
the name of the flower).
C. REPORT – Used in two (2) senses:
1. The first in the psychological process involved in identifying by name in one‘s own mind some facts which has been
perceived.
2. Report – Narrate what you perceived / identified.

THREE (3) TYPES OF ATTENTION


1. INVOLUNTARY (least reliable) – In it, you have no control and it requires no effort.
B. VOLUNTARY– This type is more reliable but not nearly as dependable as habitual.
C. HABITUAL ATTENTION – A type of attention that is distinguished by little effort but with
a maximum of control.

FACTORS THAT INFLUENCES ATTENTION


1. SIZE (Normal to abnormal size) – too big or too small
2. CHANGE (From silence to noise)
3. REPETITION (Shots is fired in every one
minute) –
4. STRIKING QUALITY (To attract attention) – Wearing of clothes.
5. INTEREST (Interest in some objects) – Sexy women.
6. ORGANIC CONDITION (Organic condition of the observer) – Observers should have his physical faculties in
excellent condition.)
7. SUGGESTION

FACTORS INVOLVED IN PERCEPTION


1. MENTAL CAPACITY – One must have enough intelligence to understand the meanings of a
fact before he can perceive it.
2 EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND
3. EMPIRICAL BACKGROUND – One has acquired by experience throughout his life.
4. OCCUPATIONAL BACKGROUND

FACTORS GOVERNING REPORTS


1 VOCABULARY – Words which an individual finds to express himself.
2 TIME LAG – Accurate reporting depends entirely on timeliness. Delay in reporting results in unconscious omission of
detail.
3. RECURRENCE OF SIMILAR INCIDENT –Investigator investigates similar incidents.

TYPES OF MEMORY

1 Sensory – That of learning repetition


2 Intellectual – Higher evaluation

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