Chapter 11
ISO 14000: Environmental
Management System
Faculty of Industrial Management
Universiti Malaysia Pahang
26300 Gambang, Pahang Darul Makmur
Tel: +609 549 2166 Fax: +609 549 2167
www.fim.ump.edu.my
Learning Outcomes
1. Understand ISO 14000 Series Standards
2. Explain concept of ISO 14001
3. Describe requirement of ISO 14001
4. Understand the concept of EMS Audit
5. Identify benefits of ISO 14001
6. Relate ISO 14001 with ISO 9000
7. Relate ISO 14001 with Health & Safety
Introduction
In 1991, ISO formed the Strategic Advisory
Group on Environment (SAGE) – led to the
formation of TC 207 (Technical Committee 207)
in 1993.
TC 207 developed a standard for EMS (ISO
14000).
Brief History
Focus of ISO 14000
Like ISO 9000, ISO 14000 is a process standard rather than performance
standard.
EMS addresses how the overall business activities, including production &
services, affect the environment.
Overall Aim
To support environmental protection & prevention of pollution in
balance with socio-economics needs.
Main Objectives of ISO 14000
#1. To minimize the negative effects of companies’
operations on environment (i.e., cause adverse changes to
air, water, or land)
#3. To continually improve #1 & #
#2. To comply with applicable
laws, regulations, & other
environmentally oriented
requirements
ISO 14000 Series Standards
The series is divided into 2 separate areas:
#1. Organization evaluation standard
#2. Product evaluation standard
# 1. Organization Evaluation Standard
1. EMS
14001 Specification
14004 General guideline
2. Environmental 3. Environmental
auditing Performance Evaluation
14010 General principles 14031 Guideline
14011 Audit procedures
14012 Auditor criteria
#2. Product Evaluation Standards
1. Environmental aspects in
product standards
Guide 64 Environmental Aspects
in Product Standards (EAPS)
2. Environmental Labeling
14020 Basic principles 3. Life Cycle Assessment
14021 Self declaration 14040 Principles & framework
14022 Symbols 14041 Goals & definition
14023 Testing & verification 14042 Impact assessment
14024 Third party 14043 Improvement assessment
ISO 14001 provides organizations with EMS elements, which can be
integrated into other management systems to help to achieve
environmental & economic goals.
Concept of ISO 14001:
Basic Approach
It follows the PDSA cycle. There is
a logical sequence of events to
achieve continual improvement.
Concept of ISO 14001: Some Definitions
Environment
The global surroundings in which an organization operates,
including air, water, land, natural resources, flora, fauna, humans &
their interaction.
Environmental Aspects
Elements of an organization’s activities, products or services that can
interact with the environment (e.g., air emissions, energy usage)
Concept of ISO 14001: Some Definitions
Environmental
impact
Any changes, whether adverse or beneficial, wholly or partially resulting from an
organization’s activities, products/services (e.g., impacts on habitat, water supply, etc.).
Environmental objective
An overall environmental goal, arising from the policy statement, that an organization sets
for itself & which is quantified when practical (e.g., to control the temperature of the
wastewater effluent).
Concept of ISO 14001: Some Definitions
Environmental Targets
A detailed performance requirement that should be quantified; needs
to be met in order to achieve the objective.
Policy Planning
ISO 14001-General
Implemen
Requirement
- tation &
Operation
Checking &
corrective
action
Manageme
nt Review Keep the system as simple as possible.
It will work better & easy to understand.
ISO 14001 Environmental
Policy
It should be based on its mission & values.
It should show management commitment,
leadership, & direction for the
environmental activities.
Management should ensure that all the
policies are implemented.
ISO 14001 Planning
Contains 4 elements:
✓ Environmental aspects.
✓ Legal & other requirements.
✓ Objective & targets.
✓ Environmental management
program.
ISO 14001 Implementation & Operation
Includes 7 elements:
| Structure & responsibility | training, awareness, &
competency |
| communication | EMS documentation | document control |
| Operational control | Emergency preparedness & response |
ISO 14001 Checking &
Corrective Actions
Contains 4 elements:
✓ Monitoring & measuring.
✓ Non-conformance, corrective, &
preventive actions.
✓ Records.
✓ EMS audit.
EMS Audit
Aim: To ensure that the EMS conforms to
plans & is properly implemented &
maintained.
2 types of audit: internal & external audits.
Audit should cover the scope, frequency &
methodologies, responsibilities &
requirement, & reporting results.
ISO 14001 Management Review
Objective:
To ensure the continuing suitability, adequacy, & effectiveness of EMS.
To involve top management in the EMS continuous improvement.
To evaluate the implementation & improve the system.
ISO 14001 Management
Review
Should include:
✓ Review of environmental objectives &
targets.
✓ Review of environmental performance
against legal & other requirement.
✓ Evaluation of the effectiveness of EMS’s
elements.
✓ Evaluation of the continued suitability of
the policy.
Benefits of ISO 14001
Global benefits:
✓ Improve environmental
performance of earth
✓ Build consensus that there is a
need for EMS
✓ Facilitate trade & remove trade
barriers.
Benefits of ISO 14001
Direct Organizational Benefits:
✓ Assuring customers of a
commitment to EMS.
✓ Maintaining a good
public/community relations image.
✓ Obtaining insurance at reasonable
cost.
✓ Improving defence posture in
litigation.
✓ Improving industry/government
relations.
Benefits of ISO 14001
Indirect Organizational Benefits:
✓ Cost effective
✓ Enhanced internal communications
✓ Effective decision-making
✓ Improved teamwork
✓ Focus on prevention
Integrating ISO 14000 with ISO 9000
Most registrars encourage organization to integrate EMS & QMS.
ISO 14001 implementation is time consuming & costly undertaking.
However, organizations implementing ISO 9000 have a distinct advantage
over those who are unfamiliar with the process. Thus, costs could be less, &
implementation is quicker.
By integrating the two systems, there will be less documentation & lower
implementation costs.
Relationship of ISO 14000 to Health & Safety
ISO 14001 standard is applicable to health & safety. Thus, it is
reasonable to consider the use of the standard in an integrated
approach to improve work safety & health.
Good example:
Plasticolor Inc. (The Worldwide Leader in Licensed Automotive
Accessories) integrated QMS, OSH, & EMS. The integration has saved
the organization $100,000 in workers’ compensation premium.
Faculty of Industrial Management
Universiti Malaysia Pahang
26300 Gambang, Pahang Darul Makmur
Tel: +609 549 2166 Fax: +609 549 2167
www.fim.ump.edu.my
