Scribd
Upload
761 views7 pages

Air-Fuel Ratio Calculations for Ethane

The document contains 4 sample problems involving combustion calculations: 1. Calculating the theoretical air needed for combustion of coal with a given ultimate analysis. 2. Determining the theoretical and actual air required for combustion of coal with a different ultimate analysis, assuming 20% excess air. 3. Calculating the air required to combust 6 kg of ethane fuel assuming the actual air is twice the theoretical amount. 4. Given combustion rates of ethane fuel and inlet air, determining the percentage of excess air used in the process.

Uploaded by

Kenneth Dilanco
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
761 views7 pages

Air-Fuel Ratio Calculations for Ethane

The document contains 4 sample problems involving combustion calculations: 1. Calculating the theoretical air needed for combustion of coal with a given ultimate analysis. 2. Determining the theoretical and actual air required for combustion of coal with a different ultimate analysis, assuming 20% excess air. 3. Calculating the air required to combust 6 kg of ethane fuel assuming the actual air is twice the theoretical amount. 4. Given combustion rates of ethane fuel and inlet air, determining the percentage of excess air used in the process.

Uploaded by

Kenneth Dilanco
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

SAMPLE PROBLEMS

1. An ultimate analysis of the bituminous coal in the as-received basis


shows the following:

C H2 O2 N2 S A M Total
78.28 4.98 4.78 1.37 1.20 6.23 3.16 100

Calculate the theoretical amount of air needed for the complete


combustion of a unit mass of fuel.

Solution:

𝑂2 𝑘𝑔𝑎𝑖𝑟
mta = 11.5 C + 34.5 (H2 - ) + 4.32 S,
8 𝑘𝑔𝑐𝑜𝑎𝑙
0.0478
= 11.5 (0.7828) + 34.5 (0.0498 - ) + 4.32 (0.012)
8
𝑘𝑔𝑎𝑖𝑟
= 10.566
𝑘𝑔𝑐𝑜𝑎𝑙
2. Coal has the following ultimate analysis in the as-fired or as-
received:

C H2 O2 N2 S A M Total
71.7 5.21 8.39 1.30 3.40 6.50 3.50 100

Determine the actual air for 20% excess air.

SOLUTIONS:

Solving for the theoretical or stoichiometric air,

𝑂2 𝑘𝑔𝑎𝑖𝑟
mta = 11.5 C + 34.5 (H2 - ) + 4.32 S,
8 𝑘𝑔𝑐𝑜𝑎𝑙
0.0839
= 11.5 (0.7170) + 34.5 (0.0521 - ) + 4.32 (0.0340)
8
𝑘𝑔𝑎𝑖𝑟
= 9.828
𝑘𝑔𝑐𝑜𝑎𝑙

Solving for the actual air,

maa = (1 + e) mta
= (1 + 0.20) (9.828)
𝑘𝑔
= 11.794 𝑎𝑖𝑟
𝑘𝑔𝑐𝑜𝑎𝑙
3. Ethane (C2H6) is burned with just twice the theoretical amount of
air. How much air is used to oxidized 6 kilograms of fuel?

Given:
Fuel, ethane (C2H6)
Actual air, maa= 2 (mta)
Mass of fuel, m= 6 kg

First solution:
𝑘𝑔
Molecular weight (MW) of C2H6 = 2 (12) + 6 = 30
𝑘𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒

(2)(12)
C= x 100 = 80%
30

6
H2 = x 100 = 20%
30
Total = 100%

𝑂2 𝑘𝑔𝑎𝑖𝑟
mta = 11.5 C + 34.5 (H2 - ) + 4.32 S,
8 𝑘𝑔𝑓𝑢𝑒𝑙
𝑘𝑔𝑎𝑖𝑟
= 11.5 C + 34.5 H2,
𝑘𝑔𝑓𝑢𝑒𝑙
= 11.5 (0.80) + 34.5 (0.20)
𝑘𝑔
= 16.10 𝑎𝑖𝑟
𝑘𝑔𝑓𝑢𝑒𝑙
maa= 2 (mta)
𝑘𝑔𝑎𝑖𝑟
= 2(16.1) = 32.2
𝑘𝑔𝑓𝑢𝑒𝑙

Therefore, the total amount of air needed for the complete


combustion of 6 kilograms of C2H6 is,
= (32.2) (6)
= 193. 2 kgair
Second solution:

Chemical Balance Reaction


Basis: 1 kmole C2H6

Reactants Products
Fuel + Air Products

C2H6 + a (O2 + 3.76 N2) x CO2 + y H2O + z N2

Material Balance:
C balance: H2 balance:
reactant = products reactant = products
2=x 3=y
x=2 y= 3

O2 balance: N2 balance:
reactant = products reactant = products
1
a=x+ y a (3.76) = z
2
1
= 2 + (3) z = (3.50) (3.76)
2
= 3.50 = 13.16

Complete chemical combustion reaction equation,


Fuel Air Products
C2H6 + 3.50 (O2 + 3.76 N2) 2 CO2 + 3 H2O + 13.16 N2

𝐴 𝑛𝑜.𝑜𝑓 𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒𝑠 𝑎𝑖𝑟


Air-fuel ratio, (mol basis) =
𝐹 𝑛𝑜.𝑜𝑓 𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒𝑠 𝑜𝑓 𝑓𝑢𝑒𝑙
Ƞ𝑂2 + Ƞ𝑁2
=
Ƞ𝑓𝑢𝑒𝑙
3.50+13.16 𝑘𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝑎𝑖𝑟
= = 16.66
1 𝑘𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝑓𝑢𝑒𝑙
𝑘𝑔 𝑘𝑔
MW of air = 29 MW of C2H6= 30
𝑘𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝑘𝑚𝑜𝑙

𝑘𝑔𝑎𝑖𝑟⁄
𝐴 𝑘𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝑎𝑖𝑟 29 𝑘𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝑎𝑖𝑟
(mass basis) = 16.66 [ ]
𝐹 𝑘𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝑓𝑢𝑒𝑙 30 𝑘𝑔 𝑓𝑢𝑒𝑙⁄
𝑘𝑚𝑜𝑙 𝑓𝑢𝑒𝑙
𝑘𝑔𝑎𝑖𝑟
= 16. 1
𝑘𝑔𝑓𝑢𝑒𝑙
maa= 2 (mta)
𝑘𝑔𝑎𝑖𝑟
= 2(16.1) = 32.2
𝑘𝑔𝑓𝑢𝑒𝑙

Therefore, the total amount of air needed for the complete


combustion of 6 kilograms of C2H6 is,
= (32.2) (6)
= 193. 2 kgair
𝑘𝑔
4. In a combustion chamber, ethane (C2H6) is burned at a rate of 6
ℎ𝑟
𝑘𝑔
with air which enters the combustion chamber at a rate of 132 .
ℎ𝑟
Determine the percentage of excess air used during this process.

SOLUTION:

Fuel, ethane (C2H6)


Solving for the actual air-fuel ratio maa,

𝑚𝑎𝑖𝑟 132 𝑘𝑔𝑎𝑖𝑟


maa= = = 22
𝑚𝑓𝑢𝑒𝑙 6 𝑘𝑔𝑓𝑢𝑒𝑙

Solving for the theoretical air-fuel ratio mta,

𝑘𝑔
Molecular weight (MW) of C2H6 = 2 (12) + 6 = 30
𝑘𝑚𝑜𝑙𝑒

(2)(12)
C= x 100 = 80%
30

6
H2 = x 100 = 20%
30
Total = 100%

𝑂2 𝑘𝑔𝑎𝑖𝑟
mta = 11.5 C + 34.5 (H2 - ) + 4.32 S,
8 𝑘𝑔𝑓𝑢𝑒𝑙
𝑘𝑔𝑎𝑖𝑟
= 11.5 C + 34.5 H2,
𝑘𝑔𝑓𝑢𝑒𝑙
= 11.5 (0.80) + 34.5 (0.20)
𝑘𝑔
= 16.10 𝑎𝑖𝑟
𝑘𝑔𝑓𝑢𝑒𝑙
Solving for the percentage of excess air “e”,

𝑚𝑎𝑎 − 𝑚𝑡𝑎 22−16.1


e= = x 100 = 36.65%
𝑚𝑡𝑎 16.1

You might also like