1 Fluid Properties

2004 (A) Non-Newtonian fluid

(B) Ideal fluid
1.1 An ideal fluid is (C) Newtonian fluid
(A) One which obeys Newton’s law of (D) Thixotropic fluid
viscosity. 2008
(B) Frictionless and incompressible
(C) Very viscous 1.5 2004
Poise is the unit of
(D) Frictionless and viscous. (A) Mass density
1.2 Newton’s law of viscosity relates to (B) Kinematic viscosity
(A) Intensity of pressure and rate of (C) Viscosity
angular deformation. (D) Velocity gradient
(B) Viscosity and rate of angular 2009
deformation.
(C) Among shear stress, viscosity and 1.6 The property of a fluid which
temperature determines its resistance to shearing
stresses is called
(D) None of these
(A) Viscosity
2005 (B) Surface tension
(C) Adhesion
1.3 In MKS gravitational system of unit,
(D) None of the above
the unit for mass is
2010
(A) Kilogram (B) Newton
(C) Metric slug (D) Gram
1.7 If the diameter of a capillary tube is
2007 doubled the capillary rise will be
(A) Unaffected
1.4 For a fluid, the shear stress was found (B) Doubled
to be directly proportional to the rate of (C) Halved
angular deformation. The fluid is (D) None of the above
classified as 1.8 Flow of fluid take place due to its
 (A) Viscosity (A) Compressibility of liquid
(B) Compressibility (B) Surface tension of liquid
(C) Surface tension (C) Density of liquid
(D) Deformation under shear force (D) Specific gravity of liquid
1.9 If the diameter of a capillary tube is
2013
doubled, the capillary rise will be
(A) Unaffected 1.14 Bulk modulus of a fluid is the ratio of
(B) Doubled (A) Shear stress to shear strain
(C) Halved (B) Increase in volume to the viscosity
(D) None of the above of fluid.
(C) Increase in pressure to the
2011
volumetric strain.
1.10 In a Newtonian fluid (D) Critical velocity to the velocity of
(A) The shear stress is directly fluid.
proportional to the rate of 2014
deformation.
(B) Dynamic viscosity is directly 1.15 Capillary rise is a phenomenon that is
proportional to the rate of fluid attributed to the following property of
deformation fluid
(C) Kinematic viscosity is directly (A) Vapour pressure
proportional to the rate of fluid (B) Viscosity
deformation. (C) Density
(D) Dynamic viscosity is zero (D) Surface tension
1.11 The pressure intensity in kg/cm 2 at any 1.16 Specific gravity has a unit
point in a liquid is (A) g/cc
(A) w (B) w/h (B) kg/m3
(C) h/w (D) wh (C) N/m
1.12 The characteristic of an ideal fluid is (D) No unit-dimensionless
(A) One which satisfies continuity 1.17 A fluid, which is incompressible and is
equation. having no viscosity is
(B) One which flows with least (A) Ideal fluid
friction. (B) Real fluid
(C) One which obeys Newton’s law of (C) Newtonian fluid
viscosity. (D) Non Newtonian fluid
(D) Frictionless and incompressible 1.18 Capillarity is due to
1.13 The ratio of specific weight of a liquid I. Surface tension
to the specific weight of pure water at a II. Cohesion
standard temperature is called
III. Viscosity
 IV. Vapour pressure (D) Dependent on atmospheric
V. Weight density of liquid pressure.
(A) II, III (B) III 1.23 If the caplllary rise of water in a 1 mm
(C) I (D) II, III, V diameter tube is 3 cm, the height of
capillary rise of water in a 0.2 mm
2015 diameter tube in cm will be
1.19 With increases in temperature the (A) 1.5 (B) 7.5
viscosity of air and water varies as (C) 15 (D) 75
(A) Viscosity of air increases and 1.24 Which of the following fluids can be
viscosity of water decreases classified as non-Newtonian?
(B) Viscosity of air increases and (A) Kerosene oil and diesel oil
viscosity of water increases (B) Human blood and Toothpaste
(C) Viscosity of air decreases and (C) Diesel oil and Water
viscosity of water decreases (D) Kerosene and water
(D) Viscosity of air decreases and 1.25 The property of fluid by virtue of which
viscosity of water increases it offers resistance to shear is called
2016 _______.
(A) Surface tension (B) Adhesion
1.20 Surface tension
(C) Cohesion (D) Viscosity
(A) Acts in the plane of Interface
1.26 The unit of kinematic viscosity is
normal to any line in the surface
(B) Is also known as capillarity (A) m 2 /sec
(C) Is a function of the curvature of the (B) kg-sec/m2
interface (C) Newton-sec /m 2
(D) Decreases with fall in temperature (D) Newton-sec 2 /m
1.21 Viscosity of a fluid with specific 1.27 The difference of pressure between the
gravity 1.3 is measured to be 0.0034 inside and outside of a liquid drop is
Ns/m 2 . Its kinematic viscosity in m 2 /s, (A) P  T  r (B) P  T / r
is (C) P  T / 2r (D) P  2T / r
(A) 2.6  10 6 (B) 4.4  10 6 1.28 The property by which a liquid opposes
6 6 relative motion between its different
(C) 5.8 10 (D) 7.2 10
Q.22 When the adhesion between molecules layers is called _______.
of a fluid is greater than adhesion (A) Surface tension
between fluid and the glass, then the (B) Coefficient of viscosity
free level of fluid in glass tube dipped (C) Viscosity
in the glass vessel will be _______. (D) Osmosis
(A) Same as the surface of the fluid 1.29 Newton’s law of viscosity is a
(B) Lower than the surface of the fluid relationship between
(C) Higher than the surface of the fluid (A) Pressure, velocity and temperature
 (B) Shear stress and rate of shear strain (A) Specific weight
(C) Shear stress and velocity (B) Specific mass
(D) Rate of shear strain and (C) Specific gravity
temperature (D) Specific density
1.30 A fluid whose viscosity does not
1.37 A liquid would wet the solid, if
change with the rate of deformation or
adhesion forces as compared to
shear strain is known as cohesion forces are _______.
(A) Real fluid (A) Less
(B) Newtonian fluid (B) More
(C) Ideal fluid (C) Equal
(D) Non-Newtonian fluid (D) Less at low temperature and more
1.31 Viscous force is the _______ of shear at high temperature
stress due to viscosity and sectional
2017
area of flow.
(A) Sum (B) Product 1.38 Which of the following is correct about
the viscosity of gas?
(C) Difference (D) Ratio
(A) Inversely proportional to the
1.32 The value of mass density in
temperature
kg-sec2 /m4 for water 00 C is
(B) Increases with an increase in the
(A) 1 (B) 1000 temperature
(C) 100 (D) 101.9 (C) Independent of pressure
1.33 Viscosity of water in comparison to (D) Independent of temperature
mercury is 1.39 Which one of the following is true
(A) Higher about ideal fluid?
(B) Lower (A) It is compressible
(C) Same (B) It is Incompressible
(D) Higher/lower depending on (C) It has high shear force
temperature (D) It has high value of viscosity
1.34 Which of the following parameter is not 1.40 The diameter of droplet is 0.075 mm.
associated with viscosity What is the intensity of pressure
(A) Red wood (B) Say bolt (N/[Link]) developed in the droplet by
(C) Engler (D) Orsat surface tension of 0.000075 N/mm?
1.35 Which of the following is the unit of (A) 0.4 (B) 0.6
kinematic viscosity (C) 0.8 (D) 1
(A) Pascal (B) Poise 1.41 The compressibility of the fluid is given
(C) Stoke (D) Faraday as 5 1011 Pa 1 . What is the Bulk
1.36 If 850 kg liquid occupies volume of one Modulus (GPa) of fluid?
cubic meter, then 0.85 represents its (A) 10 (B) 15
 (C) 20 (D) 25 (D) Do not depend on temperature and
1.42 Calculate the kinematic viscosity pressure
(stoke) of the fluid if the dynamic 1.48 Which of the following expression
viscosity of fluid is 0.5 poise and represents the CORRECT relationship
specific gravity is 0.4? between the compressibility (C) and
(A) 0.95 (B) 1 bulk modulus (K) of the fluid?
(C) 1.25 (D) 1.5 1
(A) C  (B) C  K
1.43 If the velocity gradient is given by  K
and dynamic viscosity of the fluid is 1
(C) C  (D) C  K 3/2
given by  . What is the shear stress on K
the wall of the boundary layer in the 1.49 In the isothermal condition, the
direction of motion? isothermal bulk modulus of an ideal gas
(A)  (B)    is equal to
(C)  /  (D)  /  (A) Gas constant (B) Pressure
(C) Temperature (D) Viscosity
1.44 In which of the following unit
1.50 A sphere of diameter 30 cm is moving
kinematic viscosity of the fluid is
with a uniform velocity of 4 m/s. The
measured?
dynamic viscosity and specific gravity
(A) m/s (B) m/s 2 of liquid is given as 0.8 poise and 0.9
(C) dyne (D) stokes respectively. What is the Reynolds
1.45 On increasing temperature, the number?
viscosity of gas _______. (A) 135 (B) 10000
(A) Decrease (C) 13500 (D) 15000
(B) First increases and then rapidly 1.51 Which of the following is measured in
decreases the poise?
(C) Increases (A) Dynamic viscosity
(D) Not affected by temperature (B) Kinematic viscosity
1.46 Surface tension for an ideal fluid is (C) Velocity of flow
_______. (D) Discharge
(A) Depends on temperature 1.52 On increasing the temperature of a
(B) One liquid, the viscosity of the liquid
(C) Infinite _______.
(D) Zero (A) Decrease
1.47 Which of the following is not true (B) Increase
about density of the gases? (C) First decrease then increase
(A) Proportional to pressure (D) Remains same
(B) Inversely proportional to 1.53 Which of the following represents the
temperature unit of kinematic viscosity?
(C) Inversely proportional to volume (A) cm 2 /s
 (B) dyne-sec/cm2 1.60 Which of the following is true for the
(C) gm/cm-sec flow of any fluid, real or ideal, laminar
or turbulent?
(D) gm/cm2 -sec
(A) It satisfies the equation of
1.54 The bulk modulus of a fluid is given by continuity
25 GPa. What is the compressibility
(B) It satisfies Newton's law of
(Pa 1 ) of that fluid?
viscosity
(A) 4  10 9 (B) 4 1011 (C) Velocity at boundary must be zero
(C) 25 109 (D) 25 1011 relative to boundary
2018 (D) Velocity normal to a solid
boundary is zero
1.55 The unit of dynamic viscosity of a fluid 1.61 What is the SI unit for dynamic
is viscosity of fluid?
(A) N.m/s (B) N.m 2 /s (A) Stoke (B) Dyne
(C) N.s/m 2 (D) N.s 2 /m (C) Pascal second (D) Poise
1.56 A fluid which has shear stress is 1.62 What is the shear stress of fluid at rest?
proportional to the rate of shear strain is (A) Unity (B) Zero
called (C) Uniform (D) Infinity
(A) Ideal fluid 1.63 A fluid in which shear stress is more
(B) Real fluid than the yield value and is proportional
to rate of shear strain is known as
(C) Non Newtonian fluid
(A) Newtonian fluid
(D) Ideal plastic fluid
(B) Non-Newtonian fluid
1.57 The SI unit of kinematic viscosity is
(C) Ideal plastic fluid
_______.
(D) Real fluid
(A) m/s 2 (B) m 2 /s
1.64 Determine the specific weight of a
(C) m 3 /s (D) Unitless liquid having specific gravity of 0.85.
1.58 In which of the following unit is the Take specific weight of water as 10000
kinematic viscosity of fluid expressed? N/m 3 . Express the answer in kN/m 3
(A) m 2 /s (B) N.s/m units.
(C) N/m .s 2
(D) N.s/m 2 (A) 85 (B) 0.085
(C) 0.85 (D) 8.5
2019 1.65 The category of fluids in which shear
1.59 The SI unit of kinematic viscosity is stress is linearly related to the velocity
(A) N-s/m 2 (B) dyne-s/m2 gradient is known as
(A) Dilatant
(C) cm 2 /s (D) m 2 /s
(B) Newtonian
(C) Ideal
(D) Pseudo plastic
 2020 manometric liquid can be used for the
measurement of
1.66 Match the items in List 1 (names of
quantities) with those in List 2 (units of (A) difference in the velocity between
quantities in the SI system). Use codes the two points A and B
in List for matching. (B) difference in the total energy
List 1 List 2 between two points A and B

M. Dynamic viscosity 1. N/m (C) difference in the pressure head

between two points A and B
N. Kinematic viscosity 2. N.m
(D) difference in the kinetic head at the
O. Surface tension 3. N.s/m 2 two points A and B
P. Energy 4. m 2 /s 1.70 A real fluid in which the shear stress is
(A) M-3, N-4, O-2, P-1 directly proportional to the velocity
gradient is known as
(B) M-3, N-4, O-l, P-2
(A) Newtonian fluid
(C) M-4, N-3, O-1, P-2
(B) ideal fluid
(D) M- 2, N-4, O-1, P-3
(C) plastic fluid
1.67 Which of the following laws states that (D) non-Newtonian fluid
pressure or intensity of pressure at a
1.71 What is the SI unit for dynamic
point in static fluid, is equal in all
viscosity?
directions?
(A) Pascal (B) Stoke
(A) Newton's law (B) Pascal's law
(C) Pascal second (D) Newton
(C) Hydrostatic law (D) Darcy's law
1.68 In an incompressible static fluid
column, the rate of increase of pressure
in the vertical direction is equal to
weight density of fluid at that point.
Which of the following is the law for
this statement?
(A) Hydrostatic law
(B) Viscosity law
(C) Bernoulli's law
(D) Pascal's law
1.69 A horizontal pipeline AB of diameter d
conveys water, flowing to A to B. The
L-tube manometer with mercury as
Answers Fluid Properties

1.1 B 1.2 B 1.3 A 1.4 C 1.5 C

1.6 A 1.7 C 1.8 D 1.9 C 1.10 A
1.11 D 1.12 D 1.13 D 1.14 C 1.15 D
1.16 D 1.17 A 1.18 C 1.19 A 1.20 A
1.21 A 1.22 B 1.23 C 1.24 B 1.25 D
1.26 A 1.27 D 1.28 C 1.29 B 1.30 B
1.31 B 1.32 D 1.33 B 1.34 D 1.35 C
1.36 C 1.37 B 1.38 B 1.39 B 1.40 A
1.41 C 1.42 C 1.43 A 1.44 D 1.45 C
1.46 D 1.47 D 1.48 C 1.49 B 1.50 C
1.51 A 1.52 A 1.53 A 1.54 B 1.55 C
1.56 D 1.57 B 1.58 A 1.59 D 1.60 A
1.61 C 1.62 B 1.63 C 1.64 D 1.65 B
1.66 B 1.67 B 1.68 A 1.69 C 1.70 A
1.71 C
 2 Hydrostatic Pressure

2004 (B) Absolute pressure minus

atmospheric pressure
2.1 Which one of the following pressure (C) Vacuum pressure plus absolute
units represents the least pressure? pressure
(A) Millibar (D) None of the above
(B) mm of mercury 2.5 The difference in pressure head,
(C) N/mm 2 measured by a mercury water
differential manometer for a 20 cm
(D) Kgf/cm 2
difference of mercury head will be
2005 (A) 2.72 m (B) 2.52 m
(C) 2.0 m (D) 0.2 m
2.2 For measurements of small pressure
differences, a mixture having a specific 2009
gravity of 1.10 is used. The
2.6 Pascal’s law states that pressure at any
magnification so obtained in the
differential head shall be point in a fluid at rest has
(A) 1.10 times (B) 10 times (A) Different magnitude in all
directions.
(C) 0.10 times (D) 4 times
(B) Same magnitude in all direction.
2.3 In a differential manometer, the use of
mercury is advantageous when the (C) Zero magnitude in all direction
pressure difference is (D) None of the above
(A) Large 2011
(B) Small
(C) Either large or small 2.7 The pressure of a liquid measured with
(D) None of the above the help of a piezometer tube is
(A) Atmospheric pressure
2008
(B) Gauge pressure
2.4 Gauge pressure at a point is equal to (C) Absolute pressure
(A) Absolute pressure plus (D) Vacuum pressure
atmospheric
 2012 2.13 The pressure in meters of oil (specific
gravity 0.85) equivalent to 42.5 m
2.8 A rectangular plate 1.25 m  2.4 m is water is
immersed in a liquid of relative density (A) 42.5 m (B) 50 m
0.85 with its 1.25 m side horizontal and (C) 52.5 m (D) 85 m
just at the water surface. If the plane of 2.14 For a gauge pressure of –10.89 kPa,
the plate makes an angle of 600 with what is the specific gravity of the gauge
the horizontal, the pressure force on one liquid B in the figure below.
side of the plate is
(A) 30.6 kN (B) 26.0 kN G
Air 3.429 m
(C) 15.0 kN (B) 30.0 kN
E F
2014 3.200 m A 3.048 m
C D
2.9 Measurement of pressure difference 2.743 m Liquid B
between two points is, generally done
Specific gravity 1.60
by using
(A) Venturimeter (A) 1
(B) Pitot tube (B) 2
(C) Differential manometer (C) 3
(D) None of the above (D) None of these
2.10 The relationship between atmospheric 2.15 Centre of pressure on an inclined plane
pressure ( Patm ), gauge pressure ( Pgauge ) is _______.
(A) At the centroid
and absolute pressure ( Pabs ) is given by
(B) Above the centroid
(A) Patm  Pabs  Pgauge (C) Below the centroid
(B) Pabs  Pgauge  Patm (D) At metacenter
(C) Pabs  Patm  Pgauge 2.16 The pressure intensity is same in all
direction at a point in a fluid
(D) Patm  Pabs  Pgauge
(A) Only when fluid is frictionless and
2.11 Pressure in terms of meters of oil incompressible
(specific gravity = 0.9) equivalent to (B) Only when fluid is frictionless and
4.5 m of water is is at rest
(A) 4.05 (B) 5.0 (C) Only when fluid is frictionless
(C) 3.6 (D) 0.298 (D) When there is no relative motion
2.12 Manometer is a device used for of one fluid layer relative to other
measuring 2.17 The atmospheric pressure with rise in
(A) Velocity (B) Pressure altitude decreases
(C) Density (D) Discharge (A) Linearly
2016 (B) First slow then steeply
 (C) First steeply and then gradually (A) h (B) wh
(D) Unpredictable (C) w/h (D) h/w
2.18 Barometer is used to measure _______. 2017
(A) Pressure in pipes, channel etc. 2.24 A longitudinal rectangular surface is
(B) Atmospheric pressure hanged into water such that its top and
(C) Very low pressure bottom points are at depth of 1.5m and
(D) Difference of pressure between 6.0 m respectively. The depth of
two points pressure (m) from the top surface is
2.19 Alcohol is used in manometer, because _______.
(A) Its vapor pressure is low (A) 3.8 (B) 4.2
(B) It provides suitable meniscus for (C) 4.6 (D) 4.8
the inclined tube 2.25 Pressure of 200 kPa is equivalent to the
(C) Its density is less head of z meter of liquid having relative
(D) It provides longer length for a density 1.59. The value of z(m) is
given pressure difference _______.
2.20 The total pressure on the surface of a (A) 11.6 (B) 11.82
vertical sluice gate 2m 1m with its top
(C) 12.82 (D) 13.14
2 m surface being 0.5 m below the
2.26 At a certain point, the absolute pressure
water level will be _______.
and atmospheric pressure is given by
(A) 500 kg (B) 1000 kg
850 mm of Hg and 700 mm of Hg
(C) 1500 kg (D) 2000 kg
respectively. What is the value of gauge
2.21 As the depth of immersion of a vertical
pressure (mm of Hg) at that point?
plane surface increases, the location of
(A) 50 (B) 100
centre of pressure _______.
(A) Falls closer to the centre of gravity (C) 150 (D) 200
of the area 2.27 The head produced by a liquid of
(B) Moves away from the centre of relative density 1.62 is equal to the
gravity of the area pressure of 250 kPa. What is the head
(C) Ultimately coincides with the (m) produced by the liquid?
centre of gravity of the area (A) 5.04 (B) 7.53
(D) None of these (C) 15.73 (D) 25.21
2.22 If mercury in a barometer is replaced by 2.28 A cube of dimension 2m is floating in
water, the height of 3.75 cm of mercury the water with immerging depth of 1m.
will be following cm of water What is the weight (kN) of the cube?
(A) 51 cm (B) 50 cm (Consider unit weight of water as
(C) 52 cm (D) 52.2 cm 10 kN/m3 )
2.23 If w is specific weight of liquid and h (A) 10 (B) 20
the depth of any point from the surface, (C) 30 (D) 40
the pressure intensity at that point will
be.
2.29 Which of the following is equivalent to (C) 750 (D) 820
one kilo-Pascal? 2.35 The rise of mercury in barometer is
(A) 1000 N/m 2 indicated as 80 mm. What is the
(B) 1000 N/mm2 atmospheric pressure (kN/ m 2 ) at that
point?
(C) 1000 N/cm2
(A) 80 (B) 500
(D) 100 N/m2 (C) 10696 (D) 15434
2.30 What is equivalent head (cm) of the 2018
kerosene (specific gravity = 0.8), if the
head of water is 500 cm? 2.36 An open tank contains 60 cm of water
covered with 30 cm of oil of specific
(A) 100 (B) 150
gravity 0.8. The pressure intensity
(C) 550 (D) 625
recorded at the bottom of tank is
2.31 “The intensity of pressure at any point
(A) 8240.4N/m2
in the liquid at rest is same in all the
directions”. This statement is given by (B) 2354.4N/m 2
_______. (C) 9430.6N/m2
(A) Law of conservation of energy (D) 8829 N/m2
(B) Law of conservation of mass 2.37 In gauge pressure, the atmospheric
(C) Newton’s law pressure on the scale is marked as
(D) Pascal’s law (A) 10 (B) 1
2.32 What is the depth of the center of (C) 0 (D) 100
pressure for the rectangular lamina 2.38 Find the pressure intensity at the depth
which is vertically inside the water of of 50 m below the free water surface.
height h? Take specific weight of water equal to
(A) h/3 (B) h/4 9.81 kN/m 3
(C) 2h/3 (D) 3h/2 (A) 550.50 kN/m2
2.33 Which of the following is measured (B) 490.50 kN/m2
with the help of barometer? (C) 450.50 kN/m2
(A) Velocity
(D) 390.50 kN/m2
(B) Discharge intensity
2.39 A pressure gauge fitted on the side of a
(C) Pressure
tank filled with liquid reads 50 kPa and
(D) Surfaces tension 100 kPa at heights of 10 m and 5 m.
2.34 If the gauge pressure and atmospheric What is approximate density of the
pressure at a point are observed as 70 liquid (in kg/m3)? (take, g = 10 m/s2)
mm of mercury and 750 mm of (A) 10 (B) 5000
mercury respectively, what is the value (C) 1000 (D) 100
of the absolute pressure (mm of 2.40 Estimate the distance to the centre of
mercury) at that point? pressure below the free surface, for a
(A) 500 (B) 680 vertical triangular plane are submerged
 in water (as in the given figure) with (A) 3423 m (B) 2211 m
one side on the free surface, vertex (C) 1584 m (D) 1122 m
downward and altitude h. 2.43 Estimate the distance to the centre of
Free Surface
pressure below the free surface, for a
vertical triangular plane are surface, for
h a vertical triangular plane are
submerged in water (as in the given
(A) h/2 (B) 3 h/4 figure) with one side on the free
(C) h/3 (D) 2 h/3 surface, vertex downward and altitude
h.
2019 Free Surface
2.41 Pascal’s law says that the
(A) Intensity of pressure at a point in a h
fluid at rest cannot be determined
(B) Intensity of pressure at a point in a (A) h/2 (B) 3h/4
fluid at motion is equal in
(C) h/3 (D) 2h/3
magnitude in all directions
(B) Intensity of pressure at a point in a 2020
fluid at rest is equal to zero 2.44 A stone weights 250 N in air and 150 N
(D) Intensity of pressure at a point in a in water. If the unit weight of water is
fluid at rest is equal in magnitude 10000 N/m3 , the volume of the stone is
in all directions.
(A) 0.015 m 3 (B) 0.025 m 3
2.42 At the base of a mountain, a mercury
barometer reads 700 mm whereas at the (C) 0.01 m 3 (D) 0.02 m 3
top it reads 500 mm of Mercury. The
density of air is 1.23 kg/m3 is assumed
constant. Determine the height of the
mountain. (Take specific gravity of
mercury as 13600 kg/m3 and the
density of water as 1000 kg/m3 )

Answers Hydrostatic Pressure

2.1 A 2.2 B 2.3 A 2.4 B 2.5 B

2.6 B 2.7 B 2.8 B 2.9 C 2.10 A
2.11 B 2.12 B 2.13 B 2.14 A 2.15 C
2.16 D 2.17 B 2.18 B 2.19 D 2.20 D
2.21 A 2.22 A 2.23 B 2.24 B 2.25 C
2.26 C 2.27 C 2.28 D 2.29 A 2.30 D
2.31 D 2.32 C 2.33 C 2.34 D 2.35 C
2.36 A 2.37 C 2.38 B 2.39 C 2.40 A
2.41 D 2.42 B 2.43 A 2.44 C
 Liquid in Relative
3 Equilibrium
2005 2017
3.1 The rotation of a bucket containing 3.2 Water is transported on a level road in
water and rotating about its vertical axis the cylindrical container of diameter 0.5
at constant speed shall produce. m and height 0.8 m. The maximum
(A) Free vortex acceleration of vehicle is 5 m/s 2 . What
(B) Forced vortex is the initial allowable height of water
(C) Both of the above depending on (m) in the tank, if there is no spill?
the speed of rotation (A) 50.5 (B) 67.3
(D) None of the above (C) 92.7 (D) 100
Answers Liquid in Relative Equilibrium

3.1 B 3.2 B

Explanations Liquid in Relative Equilibrium

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 4 Buoyancy & Floatation

2004 (A) Above the centre of buoyancy.

(B) Above the centre of gravity
4.1 The centre of buoyancy always
(C) Below the centre of gravity
(A) Coincides with the center of
gravity (D) Below the centre of buoyancy
(B) Coincides with the centroid of the 2013
volume of fluid displaced
4.5 The buoyancy depends upon the
(C) Remains above the centre of
(A) Pressure with which the liquid is
gravity.
displaced
(D) Remains below the center of
(B) Weight of the liquid displaced
gravity
(C) Viscosity of the liquid
2005
(D) Compressibility of the liquid
4.2 A submerged body in water is subjected
2015
to buoyancy equal to
(A) The volume of water displaced. 4.6 For stability of floating bodies, the
(B) The weight of water displaced. metacenter should be
(C) The weight of water displaced (A) Above the centre of gravity
minus the self-weight of the body. (B) Below the centre of gravity
(D) None of the above (C) Above the centre of buoyancy
2010 (D) Below the centre of buoyancy
4.3 The magnitude of the buoyant force can 2016
be determined by 4.7 The point in the immersed body
(A) Newton’s law of viscosity. through which the resultant pressure of
(B) Archimedes’s principle the liquid may be taken to act is known
(C) Principles of moments as
(D) None of the above. (A) Metacenter
2011 (B) Centre of pressure
4.4 A Floating body will remain in stable (C) Centre of buoyancy
equilibrium if the metacenter is (D) Centre of gravity
4.8 The resultant upward pressure of the (A) One half of the total height above
fluid on an immersed body is called base
(A) Upthrust (B) One third of the total height above
(B) Buoyancy base
(C) Centre of pressure (C) One fourth of the total height
(D) All options are correct above base
4.9 A body floats in stable equilibrium (D) None of these
_______. 4.14 The resultant upward pressure of a fluid
(A) When its metacenter height is zero on a floating body is equal to the
(B) When metacenter is above centre weight of the fluid displaced by the
of gravity body. This definition is according to
(C) When its centre of gravity is below (A) Buoyancy
its centre of buoyancy (B) Equilibrium of a floating body
(D) None of these (C) Archimedes, principle
4.10 An odd shaped body weighing 7.5 kg (D) Bernoulli’s theorem
and occupying 0.01 cubic meter volume 4.15 The line of action of the buoyant force
will be completely submerged in a fluid acts through the centroid of the
having specific gravity of (A) Submerged body
(A) 1 (B) 1.2 (B) Volume of the floating body
(C) 0.8 (D) 0.75 (C) Volume of the fluid vertically
4.11 A body is said to be in equilibrium if above the body
_______. (D) Displaced volume of fluid
(A) It moves horizontally 4.16 The time oscillation of a floating body
(B) It move vertically with increase in metacentric height will
(C) It rotates about its C.G be
(D) None of these (A) Same
4.12 Metacentric height is given as the (B) Higher
distance between _______. (C) Lower
(A) The centre of gravity of the body (D) Lower/higher depending weight of
and the metacenter body
(B) The centre of gravity of the body
and the centre of buoyancy 2017
(C) The centre of gravity of the body 4.17 Which one of the following statement is
and the centre of pressure CORRECT about the centre of
(D) Centre of buoyancy and buoyancy?
metacenter (A) It is the point Where buoyant force
4.13 Center of gravity of a thin hollow cone act.
lines on the axis of symmetry at a (B) It coincides with centroid of
height of volume of water displaced.
 (C) It is the point where buoyant force 4.22 An iceberg floats in sea water with 14%
act and it coincides with the of its volume projecting above the sea
centroid of volume of water surface. If the specific weight of sea
displaced. water is 10400 N/m 3 , determine the
(D) It acts outside the body. specific weight of the iceberg in N/m 3
4.18 A rectangular block of dimensions units
2m  1m  1m is floating in the water (A) 8944 (B) 9125
with immersing depth is 0.5m. What is (C) 8836 (D) 8314
the weight of block (kN) if unit weight
2019
of water is 10 kN/cubic meter.
(A) 5 (B) 10 4.23 If B = centre of buoyancy. G = centre of
(C) 15 (D) 20 gravity. B1 = new centre of buoyancy
4.19 The stable equilibrium is achieved in when the floating body rotates by an
the floating body when _______. angle , then the location of
(A) Center of gravity is below the metacentre will be
center of buoyancy
(B) Metacenter is above the center of
gravity.
(C) Metacenter is below the center of
gravity
(D) Metacentric height is zero.
4.20 If the 90% volume of iceberg is
immersed in the water and only 10%
volume is above the water surface what
is the density of the iceberg. The (A) In between point B and B1
density of sea water is given as 1025
(B) At the point of intersection of axis
kg /m3 ? of floating body passing through B
(A) 900 kg/m3 (B) 922.5kg/m3 and G and vertical line passing
(C) 950 kg/m3 (D) 1000 kg/m3 through B1

2018 20 (C) At the point of intersection of axis

of floating body passing through B
4.21 A floating body is said to be in stable and G and horizontal line passing
equilibrium if
through B1
(A) Its metacentric height is zero
(B) Its metacentric height is positive (D) Same as B1
value 4.24 The concept which defines 'the pressure
(C) Its metacentric height is a negative at a certain horizontal level in a static
value fluid is proportional to the vertical
(D) Its centre of gravity is below the distance to the surface of the fluid' is
centre of buoyancy called
 (A) D’Alembert’s paradox
(B) Magnus effect
(C) Hydrostatic paradox
(D) Archimedes effect
Answers Buoyancy and Floatation

4.1 B 4.2 B 4.3 B 4.4 B 4.5 B

4.6 A 4.7 C 4.8 B 4.9 B 4.10 D

4.11 D 4.12 A 4.13 B 4.14 C 4.15 D

4.16 C 4.17 C 4.18 B 4.19 B 4.20 B

4.21 B 4.22 A 4.23 B 4.24 C

Explanations Buoyancy and Floatation

 M MCQ Questions Q.3 Match List-I (Technique/Principle) with
List-II (Purpose) and select the correct
Q.1 Which of the following is not connected answer using the codes given below the
with stream flow measurement? lists.
(A) Hygrometer List-I :
(B) Echo-depth recorder
A.  - index
(C) Electro-magnetic flow meter
B. Slope-area method
(D) Sounding weight
C. Flow duration curve
[MPSC - 2012]
D. Dilution technique
A Assignment Questions
List-II :
Q.1 Calibration of a current meter for use, in 1. Dependable flow
channel flow measurement is done in a
2. Reservoir regulation
(A) wind tunnel (B) water tunnel
3. Steady stream discharge
(C) towing tank (D) flume
determination
Q.2 Consider the following with respect to
4. Run-off volume
measurement of stream flow during
flood : 5. Unsteady stream discharge
determination
1. Timing of the travel of floats
released in the stream Codes :
2. Use of weir formula for spillways A B C D
provided on a dam (A) 3 5 1 4
3. Calculation of flow through a (B) 4 1 2 3
contracted opening at a bridge
(C) 3 1 2 4
4. Using a current meter
(D) 4 5 1 3
Which of the above is/are reliable and
Q.4 In the case of large rivers, a number of
accurate?
equidistant vertical sections of the total
(A) 1 only (B) 4 only width of flow are identified, for the
(C) 3 and 4 (D) 2 and 3 purpose of finding by numerical
 ®
5.2 All State-AE/JE & SSC-JE [CE] GATE ACADEMY
integration, the total discharge on any P Practice Questions
day. On each section, the mean velocity
is taken as the arithmetic average of two Q.1 Which of the following methods is used
typical depths on that section. Then the to estimate flood discharge based on
mean velocity is worked out for that high water marks left over in the past?
section. Usually, the mean velocity of (A) slope-area method
any section, corresponds to which one of
(B) area-velocity method
the following? (V represents the point
velocity at the given section and the (C) moving boat method
depth such as 0.1 d, 0.2 d,..., etc.) (D) ultra-sonic method
V0.1d  V0.9 d V0.2 d  V0.8 d Q.2 A current meter is used to measure the
(A) (B)
2 2 (A) Velocity of flow of water
V0.3 d  V0.7 d V0.4 d  V0.6 d
(C) (D) (B) Depth of flow of water
2 2
(C) Discharge
Q.5 Match List I with List II and select the
correct answer using the codes given (D) None of the above
below the lists. Q.3 A current meter measures, the velocity
List I : of flow, if it is held
A.  - index (A) At the bottom surface of the
B. Lysimeter channel
C. Dilution technique (B) At the surface of the channel
D. Synder’s equation (C) At the centroid of the channel
List II : section
1. Used for measurement of evapo (D) At any point within the cross-
transpiration for given vegetation section
2. Used for flow measurement Q.4 The slope-area method is extensively
3. Average rainfall above which the used on
rainfall volume is equal to the run- (A) development of rating curve
off volume
(B) areas where shifting control is
4. Relates the basin lag to the basin predominant
characteristics
(C) estimation of flood discharge based
Codes : on high water marks
A B C D (D) all of the above
(A) 3 1 2 4
(B) 4 2 1 3
(C) 3 2 1 4
(D) 4 1 2 3
GATE ACADEMY ®Hydrology & Irrigation Engineering : Stream Flow Measurement 5.3

Answers Stream Flow Measurement

MCQ Questions

1. A

Assignment Questions

1. C 2. D 3. D 4. B 5. A

Practice Questions

1. A 2. A 3. D 4. C


 6 Fluid Dynamics

2004 (A) Is independent of the orientation of

venturimeter
6.1 The pitot static tube measures
(B) Depends on the orientation of
(A) Stagnation pressure
venturimeter
(B) Static pressure
(C) Varies as the slope of the
(C) Dynamic pressure venturimeter with respect to
(D) Difference in total and dynamic horizontal
pressure. (D) None of these
6.2 The theoretical value of coefficient of
contraction of a sharp edged orifice is 2009
(A) 0.611 (B) 0.85 6.6 Bernoulli’s equation represents total
(C) 0.98 (D) 1.00 energy per unit of certain quantity. The
quantity is
2007
(A) Energy per unit specific volume.
6.3 Indicate the incorrect statement : (B) Energy per unit mass
For Bernoulli’s equation (C) Energy per unit volume
(A) The flow must be steady (D) Energy per unit weight
(B) The flow must be irrotational 6.7 Venturimeter is advantageous because
(C) The flow must be incompressible (A) It has much smaller head loss
(D) The flow must be an ideal gas (B) Its coefficient of discharge in more
6.4 A U-tube manometer measures than for an orifice meter
(A) Local atmospheric pressure (C) Its accuracy is quite good
(B) Difference in pressure between (D) All of the above
two points
2010
(C) Difference in total energy between
two points 6.8 Bernoulli’s theorem deals with the law
(D) Absolute pressure at a point of conservation of
6.5 A venturimeter has a differential (A) Mass
mercury water manometer connected to (B) Momentum
its inlet and throat for given discharge (C) Energy
in the pipe (D) None of the above
6.9 To measure static pressure in a pipe one (A) Sum of pressure, velocity and
uses pressure gauge connected to a datum head
(A) Pitot tube (B) Pressure head, P / 
(B) Venturimeter (C) Velocity head v 2 / 2 g
(C) Orifice meter (D) Datum head Z
(D) Pictometer tapping 6.14 The value of Cv for sharp edged orifice
6.10 The pitot tube is used to measure is generally
(A) Velocity at stagnation point (A) 0.98 (B) 0.95
(B) Stagnation pressure (C) 0.96 (D) 0.97
(C) Static pressure 6.15 Each term of the Bernoulli’s equation
(D) Dynamic pressure represents
(A) Energy per unit weight
2011
(B) Energy per unit mass
6.11 Venturimeter is used to (C) Energy per unit volume
(A) Measure the velocity of a flowing (D) Specific energy
fluid.
2015
(B) Measure the pressure of a flowing
fluid 6.16 A vessel containing water of depth h is
(C) Measure the discharge of a liquid accelerated upward with an acceleration
flowing through a pipe of g/2. The pressure at the bottom of the
vessel is
(D) Measure the pressure difference of
h
liquid flowing between two points (A) h (B)
in a pipe line 2
3
2012 (C) 2 h (D) h
2
6.12 In the Bernoulli’s equation written as
2016
P v2
  z  Constant, each of the term 6.17 Fire hose nozzle is generally made of
 2g
represents energy per unit. (A) Divergent shape
(B) Convergent shape
(A) Weight
(C) Cylindrical shape
(B) Length of flow
(D) Parabolic shape
(C) Mass
6.18 Energy loss in flow through nozzle as
(D) Volume
compared to venturimeter is
2014 (A) Same
6.13 The total energy line lies over the (B) More
hydraulic gradient line by an amount (C) Less
equal to (D) Unpredictable Correct
6.19 Speed of a submarine can be measured The point A in diagram shows.
by y

(A) Pitot tube

M
(B) Hot wire anemometer
A x
(C) Pirani gauge O
(D) Inclined manometer M
6.20 The motion of air mass in a tornado is a
_______.
(A) Point at which velocity is
(A) Free vortex motion maximum
(B) Forced vortex motion (B) Separation point
(C) Free vortex at centre and forced (C) Stagnation point
vortex outside
(D) Stall point
(D) Forced vortex at centre and free
6.25 When the water drawn from the central
vortex outside
hole made in wash hand basin, the type
6.21 Flow meters based on obstruction of flow of water is _______.
principle like orifice plates can be used
(A) Forced vortex
with Reynold’s number upto
(B) Free vortex
approximately _______.
(C) Tangential flow
(A) 500 (B) 1000
(D) Transitional flow
(C) 2000 (C) 4000
6.26 Which of the following is measured
6.22 Pitot tube is used to measure _______.
with the help of an orifice meter?
(A) Discharge
(A) Discharge
(B) Average velocity
(B) Discharge coefficient
(C) Velocity at a point
(C) Head of water
(D) Pressure at a point
(D) Pressure coefficient
6.23 Euler’s equation for motion of liquids is
6.27 Which of the following represents the
based on the assumption that the
CORRECT range of coefficient of
(A) Flow is streamline
discharge of venturimeter?
(B) Flow take place continuously
(A) 0.32 to 0.43 (B) 0.45 to 0.52
(C) Flow is homogeneous and
(C) 0.54 to 0.75 (D) 0.95 to 0.96
incompressible
6.28 Which is the theoretical value of the
(D) Flow is turbulent
coefficient of contraction for the sharp
2017 edge orifice?
6.24 The Rankine half-oval body MM is (A) 0.401 (B) 0.611
subjected to the two dimensional flow (C) 0.982 (D) 1
having velocity V. The typical stream 6.29 Which of the following instrument is
line is shown in the following diagram. used for measuring the discharge?
 (A) Current meter 2018
(B) Manometer
6.36 The Bernoulli’s equation refers to the
(C) Vane anemometer conservation of
(D) Venturimeter (A) Mass (B) Force
6.30 Which of the following is measured (C) Momentum (D) Energy
with the help of elbow meter? 6.37 If the fluid is ideal as per assumptions
(A) Discharge of Bernoulli’s theorem, it means that
(B) Velocity (A) Viscosity is zero
(C) Pressure (B) Flow is constant
(D) Surface tension (C) Velocity is zero
6.31 What is the momentum correction (D) Pressure is constant
factor for laminar flow in a circular 6.38 Which of the following is an
tube? assumption for Bernoulli’s equation?
(A) 1 (B) 1.33 (A) Flow is rotational
(C) 2.5 (D) 3.75 (B) Flow is incompressible
(C) Fluid is ideal plastic
6.32 Which of the following is measured
(D) Flow is unsteady
with the help of hot wire anemometer?
6.39 The coefficient of discharge for
(A) Velocity coefficient
venturimeter (Cd ) ranges from
(B) Surface tension
_______.
(C) Viscosity
(A) 0.50 - 0.55 (B) 0.61 - 0.65
(D) Velocity of fluid
(C) 0.95 - 0.99 (D) 0.61 - 0.65
6.33 The motion of outgoing water from the
hole made at midpoint completely filled 2019
open cylindrical tank with water is 6.40 Which option represents the correct
_______. relation between Cc , Cv and Cd ?
(A) Forced vortex (B) Irrotational (A) Cd  Cv  Cc (B) Cv  Cc  Cd
(C) Rotational (D) Turbulent
(C) Cc  Cv  Cd (D) Cv  Cd  1
6.34 On which of the following principle
6.41 The divergent cone angle in a
Bernoulli’s equation is based?
venturimeter is generally kept lesser
(A) Conservation of momentum than the convergent cone angle to
(B) Conservation of energy (A) Avoid separation of flow
(C) Conservation of mass (B) Save the material
(D) Archimedes principle (C) Get more accurate measurements
6.35 Which of the following parameter is (D) Avoid cavitation
measured with the help of elbow meter? 6.42 Bernoulli's equation is invalid for
(A) Acceleration (B) Velocity (A) Incompressible flow
(C) Viscosity (D) Discharge (B) Steady flow
 (C) Viscous fluid (Notations : p - intensity of pressure, 
(D) Irrotational flow - unit weight of fluid, v - velocity of
flow, Z - datum head, g - acceleration
2020
due to gravity).
6.43 In an orifice the coefficient of p v2
contraction is defined as the ratio of (A) Z    Const.
 2g
(A) area of jet at vena-contracts to area
p v2
of orifice (B) Z    Const.
 g
(B) area of orifice to area of jet at
vena-contracta p v2
(C) Z    Const.
(C) theoretical velocity to area of jet at  2g
vena-contracta p v2
(D) Z    Const.
(D) velocity of jet at vena-contracta to  g
area of orifice
6.44 For the flow of an ideal incompressible,
non-viscous fluid, the Bernoulli's
equation, can be expressed as
Answers Fluid Dynamics

6.1 A 6.2 A 6.3 D 6.4 D 6.5 A

6.6 D 6.7 D 6.8 C 6.9 A 6.10 A
6.11 C 6.12 A 6.13 C 6.14 A 6.15 A
6.16 D 6.17 B 6.18 B 6.19 A 6.20 D
6.21 C 6.22 C 6.23 C 6.24 C 6.25 B
6.26 A 6.27 D 6.28 B 6.29 D 6.30 A
6.31 B 6.32 D 6.33 A 6.34 B 6.35 D
6.36 D 6.37 A 6.38 B 6.39 C 6.40 A
6.41 A 6.42 C 6.43 A 6.44 A

Explanations Fluid Dynamics


 7 Weirs & Notches
2004 (D) At same elevation as water surface
on upstream
7.1 In a sutro weir, the discharge is 2011
proportional to
(A) H 1/2 (B) H 5/2 7.5 The discharge over a broad crested weir
is maximum when the depth of flow is
(C) H 3/2 (D) H
(A) H/3 (B) 2H/3
2007 (C) H/2 (D) 2H/5
2012
7.2 The discharge over a 900 V-notch is
given as Q  1.37 H 5/2 , where Q is in 7.6 The discharge through a rectangular
orifice is given by the expression as
m 3 /s and H in m, the Cd of the notch
indicated below.
is
2
(A) 0.611 (B) 0.580 (A) Q  Cd b 2 g ( H 21/2  H11/2 )
3
(C) 0.464 (D) 0.710 2
(B) Q  Cd b 2 g ( H 22  H12 )
2009 3
2
(C) Q  Cd b 2 g ( H 2  H1 )
7.3 The upper surface of weir over which 3
water flows, is known as 2
(D) Q  Cd b 2 g ( H 23/2  H13/2 )
(A) Crest (B) Sill 3
(C) Vein (D) Contract
2013
2010 7.7 The discharge over rectangular notch is
(A) Inversely proportional to H 3/2
7.4 A submerged weir is one which the
water level on the down streams side of (B) Directly proportional to H 3/2
the weir is (C) Inversely Proportional to H 5/2
(A) Just at the crest level (D) Directly proportional to H 5/2
(B) Below the crest level 2014
(C) Above crest level
7.8 The discharge through a V-notch varies (C) Triangular weir is more effective
(A) Proportional to head (H) under small discharges than a
(B) Inversely proportional to angle  rectangular weir
(C) Proportional to H 5/2 (D) Ventilation of triangular weir is
(D) Inversely Proportional to tan  / 2 necessary
7.13 The crest of the portion of the weir is
2017
kept at a lower level than the crest of
7.9 In a sutro weir, the discharge of the the normal portion of the weir.
weir is proportional to _______. (A) Pond level (B) Fish ladder
(A) H 1/2 (B) H 3/2 (C) Divide wall (D) Under sluice
(C) H 5/2 (D) H 7.14 A Cipolletti weir used to measure
discharge in an open channel is a
2018
(A) triangular weir with central angle
7.10 If H is the head over the crest of a 90 degree
rectangular weir the discharge varies as (B) trapezoidal weir with side slope 4
(A) H (B) H 0.5 Horizontal : 1 vertical
(C) H 1.5 (D) H 2.5 (C) trapezoidal weir with side slope 1
2019 vertical : (1/4) horizontal
(D) rectangular weir with sharp edges
7.11 The head over a rectangular sharp
crested notch at the end of a channel is 2020
0.75 m. If an error of 1.5 mm is 7.15 The overflowing sheet of water on a
possible in the measurement of the weir is called
head, then the percentage error in (A) crest (B) creek
computing the discharge will be (C) nappe (D) limb
(A) 0.5 (B) 0.3
(C) 1.0 (D) 1.5
7.12 Which of the following is FALSE
regarding triangular weir?
(A) The flow through the wend
depends on the vertex angle
(B) Coefficient of discharge is fairly
constant for all the heads

Answers Weirs & Notches

7.1 D 7.2 B 7.3 B 7.4 C 7.5 B

7.6 D 7.7 B 7.8 C 7.9 D 7.10 C
7.11 B 7.12 D 7.13 D 7.14 C 7.15 C
Explanations Weirs & Notches
 8 Laminar Flow

2007 (D) Is zero in middle and increases

linearly towards the plates
8.1 Identify the incorrect statement 8.4 At the centre line of a pipe flowing
(A) In laminar flow, the eddy viscosity under pressure where the velocity
is zero gradient is zero, the shear stress will be
(B) In turbulent flow, the molecular _______.
viscosity is insignificant compared (A) Minimum
with eddy viscosity (B) Maximum
(C) In any given flow, the eddy (C) Zero
viscosity is constant across the (D) Could be any value
fluid stream
2017
(D) The eddy viscosity is dependent on
the state of turbulent flow
8.5 The flow in a channel is laminar and
2008 Reynold’s number is given by 1200.
What is the friction factor for the
8.2 The loss of pressure head for the channel?
laminar flow through pipes varies (A) 0.001 (B) 0.008
(A) As the square of velocity
(C) 0.023 (D) 0.053
(B) Directly as the velocity
8.6 The flow is classified as the laminar
(C) As the inverse of the velocity
flow when the calculated value of the
(D) None of the above
Reynold’s number is _______.
2016 (A) Less than 2000
(B) Between 2000 and 4000
8.3 The velocity distribution for flow
(C) Between 4000 and 5000
between two fixed parallel plate
(D) Greater than 5000
(A) Is constant over the cross-section
(B) Is zero at the plates and increases 8.7 For a laminar flow through a channel,
linearly to the mid-plane Reynold’s number is given by 1500,
(C) Is varies parabolically across the what is the friction factor?
section (A) 0.1 (B) 0.043
 (C) 0.086 (D) 0.054 ii. Path of the individual particle
8.8 Which of the following represent the crosses path of neighbouring
Darcy’s friction factor in terms of particles.
Reynold’s number (Re) for the laminar iii. Reynold’s number is less than
flow in circular pipes? 2000.
(A) 16/Re iv. Reynold’s number is more than
(B) 32/Re 4000.
(C) 64/Re (A) Both statements ii and iv are true
(D) None of these (B) Both statements i and iv are true
2019 (C) Both statements ii and iii are true
(D) Both statements i and iii are true
8.9 Head loss due to friction in a circular
8.11 In connection with the flow of a fluid in
pipe of diameter D. under laminar flow,
a pipe (with parabolic velocity
is inversely proportional to
distribution) identify the correct
(A) D3 (B) D 2 statement regarding the kinetic energy
(C) D 5 (D) D 4 correction factor a
8.10 Which of the following statements are (A) Laminar flow = 2
true about laminar flow through pipes? (B) Laminar flow = 1.33
i. Fluid particles move along straight (C) Laminar flow = 1
parallel path in layers. (D) Laminar flow < a turbulent flow

Answers Laminar Flow

8.1 C 8.2 B 8.3 C 8.4 C 8.5 D

8.6 A 8.7 B 8.8 C 8.9 D 8.10 D

8.11 A

Explanations Laminar Flow

 9 Turbulent Flow

2015 friction factor, if variable have their

standard meanings?
9.1 The velocity distribution for turbulent 1 k 9.35 
(A)  1.44  2log  s  
flow through circular pipes is 
f  D Re f 
(A) Uniform (B) Linear
1 k 9.35 
(C) Parabolic (D) Logarithmic (B)  1.14  2log  s  

2017
f  D Re f 
1 k 9.35 
(C)  1.14  2log  s  
9.2 If Reynold’s numbers are 1000000 then 
f  Re D f 
what is the approximate value of
friction for the smooth pipe? 1 k 18.7 
(D)  1.14  2log  s  
 Re D f
(A) 0.1 (B) 0.01 f  
(C) 0.001 (D) 0.0001 9.6 What is the value of friction factor, if
9.3 The Reynold’s number for the flow the diameter of pipe is 50 cm and
through smooth pipe is given by 105 . roughness height is 0.25 cm?
The value of friction factor for smooth (A) 0.0003 (B) 0.003
pipe is _______. (C) 0.01002 (D) 0.03035
(A) 0.001 (B) 0.018 9.7 The roughness coefficient for the
(C) 0.089 (D) 0.125 channel is given as f. The Chezy’s
9.4 Which of the following is calculated coefficient is directly proportional to
with the help of Moody’s equation? _______.
(A) Discharge (A) f (B) f
(B) Friction factor
(C) 1/f (D) 1/ f
(C) Pressure
(D) Velocity of flow
9.5 Which of the following expression
represents two simplified form of
colebrook equation use to calculate the
Answers Turbulent Flow

9.1 D 9.2 B 9.3 B 9.4 B 9.5 B

9.6 D 9.7 D

Explanations Turbulent Flow

 10 Boundary Layer Theory

2016 (A) Positive pressure gradient

(B) High viscosity of fluid
10.1 Separation of flow occurs when (C) Low viscosity of fluid
pressure gradient _______. (D) None of these
(A) Tends to approach zero 10.4 If the diameter of the pipe is given as
(B) Becomes negative D, what is the maximum thickness of
(C) Changes abruptly the boundary layer?
(D) Reduces to a value when vapour (A) 0 (B) D/2
formation starts (C) D (D) 2D
10.5 Which of the following represents the
2017
maximum thickness of the boundary
layer in the pipe having radius R?
10.2 At what distance from the boundary
(A) 0 (B) R/2
layer, the value of the wall shear is
(C) R (D) 2R
three times of turbulent shear.
(A) 1/3R (B) 1/2R
(C) 2/3R (D) 3/4R
10.3 Which of the following is responsible
for the separation of boundary layer?

Answers Boundary Layer Theory

10.1 A 10.2 C 10.3 A 10.4 B 10.5 C

 11 Drag and Lift
(A) Friction drag is minimum
(B) Pressure drag is minimum
11.1 Wake always occurs
(C) Profile drag (i.e., sum of friction
(A) Before a separation point drag and pressure drag) is
(B) After a separation point minimum
(C) Before and after a separation point (D) Production of friction and pressure
(D) None of these drag in minimum
11.2 Bluff body surface _______. 2017 2016
(A) Is smooth so that friction can be
11.6 The sphere of diameter 0.02 m is falls
neglected
in the fluid of kinematic viscosity 10
(B) Coincides with streamlines stokes with the terminal velocity of
(C) Does not coincide with streamlines 0.02 m/s. What is the value of
(D) Perpendicular to streamlines coefficient of drag on the following
11.3 When an ideal fluid flows past a sphere sphere?
(A) 40 (B) 60
_______.
(C) 80 (D) 100
(A) Highest intensity of pressure
11.7 The sphere of diameter 0.02 m falls in a
occurs around the circumference at
fluid of kinematic viscosity of 10 stokes
right angles to direction of flow
with the terminal velocity of 0.02 m/s.
(B) Lowest pressure intensity occurs at What is the value of the coefficient of
front stagnation point
drag on the falling sphere
(C) Lowest pressure intensity occurs at (A) 40 (B) 60
rear stagnation point (C) 80 (D) 100
(D) Total drag is zero 11.8 Which one is CORRECT about
11.4 Drag force is a function of _______. streamlined body?
(A) Projected area of the body (A) Corners are rounded off
(B) Mass density of the fluid (B) Separation occurs in the farthest
(C) Velocity of the body downstream part of the body.
(D) All options are body (C) Skin friction is zero.
11.5 A body is said to be provided optimum (D) Thickness of body is equal to
amount of streamlining when _______. 1/100 of its length.
Answers Drag & Lift

11.1 B 11.2 D 11.3 D 11.4 D 11.5 C

11.6 B 11.7 B 11.8 B

Explanations Drag & Lift


 12 Flow Through Pipes

2010 12.4 The flow constant ‘f’ in Darcy

Weisbach equation for head loss in pipe
12.1 The minor loss due to sudden flow has a unit of
contraction is due to (A) No unit-dimensionless
(A) Flow contraction (B) m
(B) Expansion of flow after (C) m/sec
contraction (D) kg-m/sec
(C) Cavitation 12.5 Darcy-weisbach equation to calculate
(D) Boundary friction the head loss due to friction for flow
through pipes is applicable when the
2012
flow through the pipe can be
(A) Laminar only
12.2 The length of a pipe 1000 m and its
(B) Turbulent only
diameter is 20 cm. If the diameter of an
equivalent pipe is 40 cm, then its length (C) Both laminar and turbulent
is (D) Subcritical flow
(A 4000 m (B) 32000 m 2015
(C) 20000 m (D) 8000 m 12.6 Two pipe systems are said to be
12.3 In series-pipe problems equivalent when
(A) The discharge is same through (A) They carry same discharge
each pipe. (B) They are satisfying Bernoulli’s
(B) The discharge through each pipe is theory
added to obtain total discharge. (C) Both have same head loss and
(C) The head loss is same through each discharge values
pipe. (D) They are of same length and
(D) The Reynold’s number for each having same head loss
pipe is same 2016
2014 12.7 Which one of the following phenomena
is a pipe flow is termed as water
hammer?
 (A) The sudden rise of pressure in a 12.12 A circular pipe of diameter 60 cm
long pipe due to sudden closure of carries a discharge of 2.5m3 /s . What is
the valve the velocity of flow (m/s) through the
(B) The rise of a pressure in a pipe pipe?
flow due to gradual closure of (A) 2.5 (B) 5.67
valve
(C) 8.83 (C) 12.32
(C) The rise of negative pressure
12.13 In which type of the following flow,
(D) None of these
losses are more?
12.8 To avoid an interruption in the flow of
(A) Critical flow
a syphon, an air vessel is provided
(B) Laminar flow
(A) At the inlet
(C) Transitional flow
(B) At the outlet
(D) Turbulent flow
(C) At the summit
12.14 Calculate the diameter of a pipe of
(D) At any point between the inlet and
32000 m long, if it is equivalent to
outlet
another pipe of 0.2 m diameter and
12.9 In order to replace a compound pipe by
1000 m long.
a new pipe, the pipes will be equivalent
(A) 0.2 m (B) 0.3 m
when following are same for both the
pipes. (C) 0.4 m (D) 0.5 m
(A) Length and flow 12.15 Which of the following causes the
(B) Diameter and flow major loss in the long pipes?
(C) Loss of head and flow (A) Friction
(D) Length and loss of head (B) Gradual contraction and
enlargement both
12.10 If  is density of fluid, then pressure of
(C) Sudden contraction
fluid due to water hammer is directly
proportional to (D) Sudden enlargement
12.16 The water is flowing through 800 m
(A)  (B) 1/ 
long circular pipe of diameter 30 cm
(C)  (D)  2 with the velocity of 0.26 m/s. The
friction factor for the pipe is given as
2017
0.016. What is head loss (cm) in pipe
12.11 A circular pipe of diameter 0.5 m due to friction?
carries the discharge of 50 litres/s. The (A) 5.5 (B) 14.7
head loss due to friction in pipe is 0.15
(C) 21.3 (D) 35.6
and friction factor for the pipe is given
12.17 What is the head loss in pipe due to
as 0.01. What is the length (m) of pipe?
friction over the length of 30 km, if the
(A) 1150 (B) 1860
diameter of pipe is 80 cm and velocity
(C) 2263 (D) 2785 flow is 30 cm/s? Take friction factor
0.032.
 (A) 4.0 m (B) 4.5 m (C) 1.0 m/s (D) 1.5 m/s
(C) 5.5 m (D) 10 m 12.24 In the Bernoulli's equation
12.18 If the Reynold’s number for a flow is p v2
  Z  constant, with notations
3000, then the type of flow is _______. g 2 g
(A) Laminar (B) Transitional : p= intensity of pressure, v = velocity
(C) Turbulent (D) Vortex of flow, g - acceleration due to gravity.
12.19 What is the discharge (m3 / s) from Z = elevation above datum, each term
in the equation represents
circular pipe having diameter 0.5 m and
(A) Energy in Nm/N weight of fluid
velocity of flow of 10 m/s?
(B) Power in kW/kg mass of fluid
(A) 1.5 (B) 1.96
(C) Energy in N/m of fluid
(C) 2.76 (D) 3
(D) Energy in N/m kg mass of fluid
12.20 A circular pipe of diameter 0.5 m
12.25 The power transmitted through a water
carries the discharge of 50 l/s. the head
carrying pipe is maximum when
loss due to friction in pipe is 0.15 m
(ignoring the minor losses)
and friction factor for the pipe is given
(A) The head loss due to friction is
as 0.01. What is the length (m) of pipe?
one-third of the total head applied
(A) 50.5 (B) 85.71
(B) The head loss due to friction is
(C) 98.95 (D) 110.01
equal to the total head applied
12.21 A syphon is used at point A to draw the
(C) The head loss due to friction is half
water from large reservoir and
of the total head applied
discharge it to the point B at an
(D) The head loss due to friction is two
atmospheric pressure. If the elevation
times the total head applied
difference of points A and B is 10m,
What is the velocity (m/s) at point B? 2020
(A) 10 (B) 14 12.26 Two sewer pipelines A and B (having
(C) 24 (D) 34 the same diameter and made of the
2018 same material) are laid at a bed slope of
1 in 225 and 1 in 625, respectively.
12.22 Discharge through the main is _______ Determine the ratio of their carrying
by connecting pipes in parallel. capacities (QA to QB )
(A) Decreased (B) Regulated
(A) 1 (B) 3/5
(C) Increased (D) Same
(C) 2/5 (D) 5/3
2019 12.27 The valve used for the prevention of
12.23 When 0.1 m3 /s water flows through a reversal of flow in a pipeline is
(A) a check valve
pipe of area 0.25m2 which later
(B) an air valve
reduces to 0.1 m 2 . What is the velocity (C) a scour valve
of flow in the reduced pipe? (D) a butterfly valve
(A) 2.0 m/s (B) 0.5 m/s
12.28 For the occurrence of laminar flow (C) An orifice meter
through pipes, the value of Reynolds’ (D) A venturi meter
number shall be less than 12.30 A fluid flows through an orifice of an
(A) 4000 (B) 5000 area 0.4 m2 with an actual discharge of
(C) 2000 (D) 6000 400 L/s. If the theoretical velocity of
12.29 To measure the static pressure in a pipe, flow through the orifice is 2 m/s. what
one uses a pressure gauge connected to is the coefficient of discharge?
(A) A piezometer tapping (A) 0.71 (B) 0.50
(B) A pilot tube (C) 0.68 (D) 0.56

Answers Flow Through Pipes

12.1 B 12.2 B 12.3 A 12.4 A 12.5 C

12.6 C 12.7 A 12.8 C 12.9 C 12.10 C

12.11 C 12.12 C 12.13 D 12.14 C 12.15 A

12.16 B 12.17 C 12.18 B 12.19 B 12.20 *

12.21 B 12.22 C 12.23 C 12.24 A 12.25 A

12.26 D 12.27 A 12.28 C 12.29 A 12.30 B

Explanations Flow Through Pipes


 Model Analysis &
13 Dimensional Analysis
2005 (B) Reynold’s law
(C) Stoke’s law
13.1 In river and harbour models, the most (D) Euler’s law
suitable is _______. 2016
(A) Froude number 13.6 Apart from inertial force, which of the
(B) Euler number following forces is most important in
(C) Cauchy number
motion of submarines under water?
(D) Weber number (A) Viscous force
2011 (B) Gravity force
(C) Compressive force
13.2 The dimension of surface tension are (D) Surface tension force
(A) M 1L0T 2 (B) M 1 L1 13.7 A ships model of scale 1:100 had a
1 2
(C) M 1LT (D) F 1T 2 wave resistance of 1 N at its design
2013 speed. The corresponding wave
resistance (in N) in prototype will be
13.3 Reynold’s number is the ratio of the (A) 1000 (B) 10000
inertia force to the (C) 1000000 (D) 100
(A) Surface tension force 13.8 When the Mach number is more than 6,
(B) Viscous force the flow is called
(C) Gravity force (A) Sub-sonic flow
(D) Elastic force (B) Super-sonic flow
(C) Sonic flow
2014
(D) Hyper-sonic flow
13.4 The dimension for angular velocity is 2017
(A) T 2 (B) T 1 13.9 Which of the following dimensions
(C) T 1 (D) T 2 represents the pressure?
2015 (A) [MLT 2 ] (B) [ML1T 2 ]
(C) [LT 2 ] (D) [ML3 ]
13.5 Harbour model are based on the 13.10 Which of the following is the
following law dimensionless parameter?
(A) Froude law (A) Linear velocity
 (B) Gravity force (C) 12 m/s (D) 6 m/s
(C) Reynold’s number 13.13 A common dimensionless parameter
(D) Viscosity used in fluid mechanics is
2019 (A) specific weight
13.11 Froude’s number is a ratio of (B) kinematic viscosity
(A) Viscous force to gravity force (C) co-efficient of discharge
(B) Inertial force to gravity force (D) angular velocity
(C) Gravity force to inertial force 13.14 The dimension for angular velocity is
(D) Inertial force to viscous force (A) T 2 (B) L3T
13.12 In 1 : 36 model of a spillway, the (C) LT3 (D) T 1
velocity is 2 ms. What is the
corresponding velocity in the
prototype?
(A) 36 m/s (B) 2 m/s
Answers Model Analysis & Dimensional Analysis

13.1 A 13.2 A 13.3 B 13.4 B 13.5 A

13.6 A 13.7 C 13.8 D 13.9 B 13.10 C

13.11 B 13.12 C 13.13 C 13.14 D

Explanations Model Analysis & Dimensional Analysis


 14 Open Channel Flow
14.5 In defining the Froude number
applicable to channels of any shape, the
14.1 The hydraulic grade line is length parameter used is the
(A) Always above the center line of (A) Depth of flow
pipe (B) Hydraulic radius
(B) Never above the energy grade line (C) Wetted perimeter
(C) Always sloping downward in the (D) Ratio of area to top width
direction of flow
2008
(D) All of the above
14.2 The best hydraulic channel cross- 14.6 The flow in open channel is laminar if
section is the one which has a Reynold’s number is
(A) Minimum roughness coefficient (A) 2000
(B) Least cost (B) More than 2000
(C) Maximum area for a given flow (C) More than 4000
(D) Minimum wetted perimeters (D) Less than 500
14.3 A triangular channel section is most
2010
economical when each of which sloping
side is inclined to the vertical at an 14.7 The flow in open channel is turbulent if
angle of the Reynolds number is
(A) 300 (B) 450 (A) 2000
(C) 600 (D) 750 (B) More than 2000
14.4 The chezy’s coefficient (C) More than 4000
(A) Is dimensionless (D) 4000
(B) Has the dimension of velocity 2011
(C) Has the dimension of discharge
14.8 The height of hydraulic jump is equal
(D) Has the dimension L1/2T 1
to
2007 (A) Sequent depth
(B) Difference in conjugate depths
(C) Difference in alternate depths
 (D) Initial depth (B) Half the breadth
14.9 When the flow in an open channel is (C) Half the depth
gradually varied, the flow is said to be (D) Twice the breadth
(A) Steady uniform flow 14.14 In a rectangular channel, the ratio of the
(B) Steady non-uniform flow specific energy at critical depth Ec to
(C) Unsteady uniform flow the critical depth yc is
(D) Unsteady non-uniform flow (A) 2.0 (B) 1.0
2012 (C) 1.5 (D) 1.25
14.10 Which of the following is not a 2014 2004
dimensional parameter? 14.15 In open channels, maximum velocity
(A) Chezy’s coefficient occurs
(B) Darcy Weishbach friction factor (A) Just below the free surface
(C) Froude number (B) At the surface
(D) Mach number (C) Near the channel bottom
14.11 The term ‘alternate depths’ in open (D) In the mid-depth of flow
channel flow refers to the 14.16 For subcritical flow, the froude number
(A) Depths having the same specific is
energy for a given discharge. (A) Not equal to one
(B) Depth before and after the passage (B) Less than one
of the surge. (C) Greater than one
(C) Depth having the same kinetic (D) Equal to one
energy for a given discharge. 14.17 Flow of water through a passage under
(D) Depth on either side of a hydraulic atmospheric pressure is called
jump. (A) Pipe flow
(B) Uniform flow
2013
(C) Open channel flow
14.12 In open channel flows, the (D) Non uniform flow
characteristic length commonly used in 14.18 Which of the following flow constants
defining the Reynold’s number is the dose not have any unit?
(A) Depth of flow (A) Chezy’s C
(B) Wetted perimeter (B) Manning’s N
(C) Hydraulic radius (C) Both chezy’s and Manning’s N
(D) Area/top width (D) None of the above
14.13 The most economical section of a 2015
rectangular channel is one having
14.19 Most economical circular channel gives
hydraulic radius equal to
maximum discharge while
(A) Twice the depth
 (A) Flow depth = 0.95 diameter (B) Area divided by square of wetted
(B) Flow velocity high perimeter
(C) Area of flow is full (C) Area divided by wetted perimeter
(D) Wetted perimeter is least (D) Square root of area
14.20 The dimensions of Chezy’s C is 2017
(A) Non-dimensional
14.26 Which of the following is correct ratio
(B) L/T for froude number?
(C) LT (A) Compressive force to inertia force
(D) [L/ T 2 ]1/2 (B) Inertia force to gravity force
2016 (C) Inertia force to tension force
(D) Viscous force to inertia force
14.21 The depth of water below the spiliway
14.27 For the most economical triangular
and after hydraulic jump are 1 m and 6
channel section, the angle of sloping
m respectively. The head loss will be
sides from the vertical is _______.
_______.
(A) 300 (B) 450
(A) 1.74 m
(C) 600 (D) 750
(B) 6 m
14.28 What is the cross-sectional area (sq.m)
(C) 1.7 m
of the channel, if its hydraulic radius
(D) None of these
and wetted perimeter is given as 300
14.22 Gradually varied flow is _______. cm and 860 cm respectively?
(A) Steady uniform flow (A) 10.5 (B) 15.6
(B) Steady non-uniform flow (C) 25.8 (D) 32.4
(C) Unsteady uniform flow 14.29 The froude number for a hydraulic
(D) Unsteady non-uniform flow jump is 3.2, the type of jump is
14.23 In the step methods (both direct and (A) Oscillating jump
standard), the computations must (B) Steady jump
(A) Proceed downstream in subcritical (C) Strong jump
flow (D) Weak jump
(B) Proceed upstream in subcritical 14.30 Which of the following expression
flow represents the energy dissipated in the
(C) Always proceed upstream hydraulic jump? y1 and y2 are the flow
(D) None of these depth at supercritical flow and
14.24 The losses in open channel vary as subcritical flow respectively.
proportional to ( y2  y1 )3
(A) E 
(A) Velocity (V) (B) V 2 4 y1 y2
(C) V (D) V 3 y y 
3

14.25 The hydraulic radius is given by (B) E   2 1 

 4 y1 y2 
(A) Wetted perimeter divided by area
 ( y2  y1 )3 1
(C) E  (B) (qg ) 3
4 y1 y2 1

( y2  y1 ) 2  q 2
(D) E  (C)  
4 y1 y2 g
14.31 At a particular point in the channel, the (D) None of these
specific energy and velocity of flow is 14.36 The hydraulic radius and cross-
given by 1.5 m-kg/kg and 2.5 m/s sectional area of a channel is given by
respectively. What is the depth of flow 4.5 m and 18.5 sq.m respectively. What
in channel at the point? is the wetted perimeter (m) of channel?
(A) 0.5 (B) 1.18 (A) 4.11 (B) 10.5
(C) 2.32 (D) 2.5 (C) 18.5 (D) 83.3
14.32 Calculate the specific energy (m-kg/kg) 14.37 The range of Froude number of a weak
of the flow if the velocity of the flow is jump is _______.
2.22 m/s and depth of flow is 1 m. (A) 1.0 to 1.7 (B) 1.7 to 2.5
(A) 1.25 (B) 2.22 (C) 2.5 to 4.5 (D) 4.5 to 9.0
(C) 3.22 (D) 4.22 14.38 What is the velocity (m/s) with which
14.33 Which of the following represents the elementary wave can travel upstream, if
CORRECT relationship between the the velocity of flow is 2 m/s and depth
chezy’s coefficient, C and coefficient of of flow in channel is 1 m?
roughness of channel, f? (A) 1.132 (B) 2
1 (C) 3.132 (D) 5.132
(A) C  (B) C  f
f 14.39 The wetted perimeter and cross
1 1 sectional area of a channel is 5 m and 9
(C) C  (D) C 
f 3/2
f sq.m respectively. What is the hydraulic
14.34 Hydraulic radius of the channel is radius of the channel?
defined as the ratio of _______. (A) 1.5 (B) 1.8
(A) Area to depth of channel (C) 2.1 (D) 2.5
(B) Area to wetted perimeter of the 14.40 What is the depth of the flow (m) in a
channel circular channel of diameter 2.0 m. For
(C) Area to width of channel the maximum velocity.
(D) Perimeter to area of the channel (A) 1 (B) 1.62
14.35 Which of the following represents the (C) 2 (D) 2.83
critical velocity for the discharge per 14.41 The water flow fully through the
unit width of q m3 /s/m from the wide rectangular channel of lateral
rectangular channel? dimensions 4m×3m . What is the
1 velocity of flow (m/s) through the
 q 3
(A)   channel, if the slope of energy line and
g
 Chezy’s constant is given as 0.0006 and 14.47 For which of the following tunnel
90 respectively? losses is Manning’s rugosity coefficient
(A) 1.5 (B) 2.4 used in the calculation of head loss?
(C) 4.6 (D) 5 (A) Frictional loss
14.42 Which of the following expression (B) Loss due to bend
represents the critical state of flow in (C) Loss due to change of velocity in
non-rectangular channel? contraction
1/3 (D) Loss due to change of velocity in
 q2  Q2 A3
(A) yc    (B)  expansion
 g  g T
14.48 Identify the dimensionless parameter
Q3 A2 Q2 A from the following
(C)  (D) 
g T g T3 (A) Chezy’s coefficient
14.43 Which of the following represents the (B) Specific weight
speed of the elementary wave in the (C) Reynolds number
still water at a depth of y? (D) Kinematic viscosity
(A) gy / 3 (B) gy / 2 14.49 In a hydraulic jump, If the Froude
number F1 = 4.5 to 9.0, then jump is
(C) gy (D) 2gy
called a/an
14.44 What is the specific energy (m-kg/kg) (A) Undular jump
for 1 m depth of flow having velocity (B) Oscillating jump
of 3 m/s? (C) Steady jump
(A) 0.54 (B) 1.46 (D) Weak jump
(C) 5 (D) 7.62 14.50 For most economical section using
14.45 A rectangular channel of cross- chezy’s formula depth of flow for
sectional dimensions 15  9 m is maximum discharge through circular
running at one third. What is the channel of diameter D is
hydraulic radius (m) of the channel? (A) 0.3 D (B) D
(A) 5 (B) 6.43 (C) 0.5 D (D) 0.95 D
(C) 8.95 (D) 10 14.51 In an open channel flow, the ratio of
14.46 A 1.2 m wide rectangular channel of wetted area to wetted perimeter of the
bed slope 0.0004 and manning’s cross section is
coefficient 0.01 carrying the discharge (A) Hydraulic radius
of 0.5m3 /s . The normal depth of the (B) Hydraulic depth
channel is _______. (C) Section factor
(A) 0.13 (B) 0.32 (D) Hydraulic exponent
(C) 0.43 (D) 0.5 14.52 A rectangular channel will be the most
economical when the flow depth to
2018
bottom width is the ratio
(A) 1 : 2 (B) 2 : 1
 (C) 1 : 4 (D) 1 : 1 (A) 0.75 m (B) 1.0 m
2019 (C) 3 0.5 m (D) 0.25 m
14.58 What should be the side slope (H : V)
14.53 Consider the given statements with
and hydraulic mean radius (R) for the
respect to most economic sections of a
most efficient trapezoidal channel
rectangular channel and select the
having depth of flow equal to y?
correct option.
y
A. Discharge shall be maximum (A) H : V  1:1 and R 
2
B. Wetted perimeter shall be
1 y
minimum (B) H : V  :1 and R 
(A) Both the statements are true 2 2
1
(B) Statement A is false and statement (C) H : V  :1 and R  y
B is true 2
(C) Statement A is true and statement 1 y
(D) H : V  :1 and R 
B is false 3 2
(D) Both the statements are false 14.59 Match List-I with List-II and select the
14.54 Specific energy of flowing water correct answer.
through a rectangular channel of width List-I List-II
5 m when discharge is 10 m 3 /s and A. Critical 1. Same specific
depth of water is 2 m is depth force
(A) 1.06 m (B) 1.02 m B. Normal 2. Same specific
(C) 2.05 m (D) 2.60 m depth energy
14.55 For obtaining the most economical C. Alternate 3. Minimum
trapezoidal channel section with depth depth specific energy
of flow is 3 m, what is the hydraulic D. Conjugate 4. Uniform flow
mean radius? depth
(A) 1.5 m (B) 3.0 m (A) A-3, B-4, C-2, D-1
(C) 2.0 m (D) 1.0 m (B) A-3, B-4, C-1, D-2
14.56 In an open channel flow, for best (C) A-2, B-1, C-3, D-4
efficiency of a rectangular channel (D) A-1, B-3, C-2, D-4
section, ratio of bottom width to depth 14.60 When the depth of flow in an open
shall be channel is greater than critical depth,
1 the flow is said to be
(A) 1 (B) (A) Super critical flow
2
1 (B) Sub-critical flow
(C) (D) 2 (C) Critical flow
4
(D) Uniform flow
14.57 For a pipe of diameter 1 m when
running full, the hydraulic mean depth 2020
will be
14.61 What will be the carrying capacity of a discharge condition? Take Chezy's
horizontal rectangular channel 4 m constant as 50.
wide, conveying a discharge of 1 (A) 2 m (B) 0.25 m
cumecs per meter width of channel? (C) 0.5 m (D) 1 m
(A) 8.000 m 3 /s (B) 1.000 m 3 /s 14.63 What is the rate of flow in a rectangular
(C) 4.000 m 3 /s (D) 2.085 m 3 /s channel 4 m wide and 2 m deep with a
14.62 A rectangular channel of bed width 2 m bed slope of 1 in 900 when it is running
is to be laid at a bed slope of 1 in 1000. full if Chezy's constant is 50?
Find the hydraulic radius of the canal (A) 14.38 m 3 /s (B) 13.33 m 3 /s
cross-section for the maximum
(C) 12.25 m 3 /s (D) 10.56 m 3 /s

Answers Open Channel Flow

14.1 B 14.2 D 14.3 B 14.4 D 14.5 D

14.6 D 14.7 B 14.8 B 14.9 B 14.10 B,C, D
14.11 A 14.12 C 14.13 C 14.14 C 14.15 A
14.16 B 14.17 C 14.18 D 14.19 A 14.20 D
14.21 D 14.22 B 14.23 B 14.24 B 14.25 C
14.26 B 14.27 B 14.28 C 14.29 A 14.30 A
14.31 B 14.32 A 14.33 A 14.34 B 14.35 B
14.36 A 14.37 B 14.38 A 14.39 B 14.40 B
14.41 B 14.42 B 14.43 C 14.44 B 14.45 *
14.46 * 14.47 A 14.48 C 14.49 C 14.50 D
14.51 A 14.52 A 14.53 A 14.54 C 14.55 A
14.56 D 14.57 D 14.58 D 14.59 A 14.60 B
14.61 C 14.62 C 14.63 B

Explanations Open Channel Flow