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AWARENESS AND COMPLIANCE OF MOTORISTS ON TRAFFIC RULES IN

ILOCOS NORTE, PHILIPPINES

Conference Paper · August 2021

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 AWARENESS AND COMPLIANCE OF MOTORISTS ON
TRAFFIC RULES IN ILOCOS NORTE, PHILIPPINES

Jonah B. Badua
Northwestern University

ABSTRACT

Traffic rules are imposed, implemented and must be followed to ensure road safety.
This study on the traffic rules in Ilocos Norte determined the awareness and
compliance of motorists. Findings showed that group of motorist is male-dominated,
single, young adult and attained college level. They worked as tricycle drivers, with
professional license and with sufficient experience in driving. Some respondents
belonging to old aged still [Link] motorists are aware on the traffic rules as
prescribed in the citation ticket, Municipal/City Ordinances, and those prescribed by
national laws, however they just often complied. The use of helmet vary from one
place to another because of the prevalence of shooting incidents involving riding in
tandem.

Keywords: citation; driving; road; safety; violations

INTRODUCTION

Life preservation is a way of life, hence road safety is everybody’s concern.

Every human being wants their life to keep going so they normally travel from time to
time but unfortunately accidents happens because of traffic violations. It is also sad to
note that, motorists, pedestrians and law enforcement authorities often argue because
of traffic rules which even lead to aggressive fight and malicious killings among them.
The prevalent violations of traffic rules aggravates vehicular accidents, therefore road
safety is sacrificed.

The incidence of deaths and injury as a result of road accidents is now a global
phenomenon (Haadi, 2014). Globally, more than 1 million people die each year from
traffic crashes and about 20–50 million are injured or permanently disabled
(Bhagyaiah, M. and Shrinagesh, B. (2014). Road-traffic collisions are responsible for
1.2 million deaths and as many as 50 million injuries annually according to estimates
by the World Health Organization. Death and injury due to road-traffic collisions
decreased in recent years in many high-income countries (Cinnamon, [Link], 2011).
More than 90% of drivers engaged in some form of risky driving behavior (Fergusson,
[Link]., 2007). High speed was the main cause of road traffic accidents and respondents
are moderately knowledgeable to the road traffic regulation (Al-Khaldi, 2006). There
is a total (100%) compliance with minimum age limit, number plate registration and
motorcycle engine capacity but found 64, 16 and 45 percent compliance rate with
driver license, crash helmet usage and legal passenger permissive respectively (Tunde,
[Link]., 2012). Akaateba and Gyimah (2013) it was found out that majority of drivers
reported ‘occasionally’ violating traffic laws of which frequently violated traffic
offence reported by respondents is the failure to wear the seat belt. Most road
accidents are attributed to ‘human factor’ most especially to road safety violations
(Gras et al., 2004; Sullman et al., 2002; Parker et al., 1995).

Yagil (2001) cited that driver’s violation is attributed to situational factors

(Baxter, Macrae, Stradling, Reason and Parker, 1990) and traffic laws are not
observed seriously. Visibility is a main reason for compliance with the law. Increased
enforcement increases the probability of detection, as a result it decreases the
tendency of the drivers to commit violations. Nevertheless, studies have found that
behavioral change does not necessarily lead to a change in the driver's attitudes.
Enforcement activities seems to effect only for a short duration. Consequently,
behavior of compliance is only expected in the presence of the enforcement
authorities because motorists failed to internalized the traffic rules, hence attitude
never change (Aberg, 1997). The intention of drivers to commit traffic violations is
predicted by attitudes toward this behavior, and by sensation seeking, external locus
of control, aggression and anxiety (Yagil, 2001). Emotional motivations also affect
the violation of laws. On one hand, Akaateba and Gyimah (2013) found out that
gender and age have significant influence on attitudes towards the commission of
traffic violations though not by a large margin.

The Philippines recorded an increasing trend on vehicular accidents due to

violations of the traffic rules according to the PNP-Highway Patrol Group (Ager,
2016). It is mainly attributed to human error such as bad turning, bad overtaking, over
speeding, drunk driving, distracted driving, the use of mobile phone while driving,
overloading and avoiding animals, pedestrians, and other road hazards. This scenario
is present from the national, regional, provincial down to the municipal level.
Furthermore, Ilocos Norte, has also an increasing trend of violations on the traffic
rules caused by human error (Miguel, [Link], (2014), Pungtilan, [Link]., 2013, Tamayo,
2009). It is important to note that motorist attitude, knowledge and compliance on the
traffic rules play a major role in minimizing the problem on vehicular accidents.
Human behaviour is an obvious, yet under-studied factor in pedestrian injury.
Behavioural interventions that address rule violations by pedestrians and motorists
could potentially reduce the frequency of pedestrian injury. In this study, a method
was developed to examine road-rule non-compliance by pedestrians and motorists
(Cinnamon, [Link]., 2011). Traffic enforcement has been an important means of
improving traffic safety (Stanojevića,[Link]., 2013) however this is one of the biggest
conflict that occurs between the police and the public.

In Laoag City, motorist found out to observed risky driving which result to
increasing number of accidents (Alipio, [Link], 2015). For the last five years, Laoag
City have 66 058 recorded traffic violations having a significant increased from 2014-
2016. There was a high number of traffic violations in 2012 (14764) and 2016
(14499). In San Nicolas, motorist mostly violated driving without license and the
status of traffic violations is unstable (Miguel,[Link], 2014).

Consequently, this scenario had pushed the government whether national or

local to established laws and ordinances to demand the compliance of motorists to
ensure safety of the people. The law on the Anti-Drunk Driving and Anti-Distracted
Driving are just the recent initiatives of the government to respond to the problems on
the violation of traffic rules that leads to vehicular accident. In fact, an orientation-
seminar is conducted to every applicants for a driver’s license which is a part of the
licensing system but it seems that it has no impact to motorists because of the
prevalence of traffic violations and vehicular accidents. Nevertheless, traffic
enforcement is not regularly enforced and non-compliance remains. Different
campaigns have been developed trying to change peoples’ behaviour although some
of them have had little or no effect (Forward, S., 2013). It is with these premises that
inspired the researcher to undertake this study. Furthermore, the findings of this study
contributes to enhance the information drives of the government concerning courtesy,
discipline and obedience to traffic rules and to ensure safety for all road users. This
research also endeavor to improve the capability of the authorities to enforce the
traffic rules and inculcate a deeper sense of responsibility to the motorists of Ilocos
Norte.

RESEARCH FRAMEWORK

The theory of planned behaviour predicts deliberate behavior, because

behavior can be deliberative and planned. It assumes that rational considerations
govern the choices and behaviors of individuals (Ajzen, 1985; Ajzen, 1991; Ajzen &
Fishbein, 2005). Specifically, according to a precursor of this theory, called the theory
of reasoned action, behavior is determined by the intentions of individuals--their
explicit plans or motivations to commit a specific act.

Rational-choice theories of illegal behavior explain offenses in terms of the

costs and benefits of committing violations, and suggest that the intention to commit
illegal behavior is inversely related to the perceived cost of the act (Clarke & Cornish,
1994). Rothengatter (1997) mentioned the possible reasons for the violation of traffic
laws, in terms of costs and benefits, such as being in a hurry, seeking excitement,
trying to prove one's skill, or being in a bad mood.

Figure 1 shows the paradigm of the study. The independent variables includes
the profile of the respondents and level of awareness on traffic rules while the
dependent variables is the level of compliance on traffic rules.

INDEPENDENT VARIABLE DEPENDENT VARIABLE

Profile of motorist as to:

Age
Sex
Civil Status
Educational Attainment
Level of Compliance
Type of Drivers License on traffic rules.
Length of Driving
Experience

Level of Awareness on
traffic rules.

Figure 1. Research Paradigm

Research Problems

This study investigated the awareness and compliance of motorist of Ilocos

Norte on the traffic rules.
It also answered the following questions:
1. What is the profile of motorist as to:
a. age
b. sex
c. civil status
d. educational attainment
e. type of drivers license and
f. length of driving experience?
2. What is the level of awareness of the respondents to the traffic rules?
3. What is the level of compliance of the respondents to the traffic rules?
METHODOLOGY

Research Design

This study used the quantitative-descriptive design thrrough a survey. This

method described the profile of the respondents, level of awareness and compliance of
motorist to the traffic rules.

Participants

There were 200 motorists who served as respondents from the two cities and
one municipality in Ilocos Norte, namely Laoag City (80) and Batac City (50) and
San Nicolas (70). These places were selected because of its high records in traffic
violations and traffic accidents. Random sampling was used.

Data Gathering Instrument

A questionnaire was made by the researcher based on Traffic Citation

Questionnaire which consists of two parts. First part is the profile of the respondents
as to their age, sex, civil status, educational attainment, type of drivers license and
length of driving experience. Second Part refers to their level of awareness and
compliance on the traffic rules using 4 point likert scale. The items were based on the
citation ticket, ordinances and existing national laws.

Data Gathering Procedure

The researcher coordinated with the police stations in each locale to know the
data on traffic violations. Meanwhile, a request letter to the Mayors of the cities and
municipalities was forwarded to ask permission in the conduct of this study. Upon
approval, the schedule was made for the distribution of questionnaires to the
respondents. The researcher provided the necessary guidance to the respondents and
unstructured interview was also done.

Data Analysis

The data gathered was treated using frequency, percentage and ranks for the
profile. Weighted mean was utilized to determine the level of awareness and
compliance of motorist on the traffic rules. A four point likert was use based on the
following range of values:

Point Value Range of Values Descriptive Interpretation

Awareness/Compliance

4 3.51 – 4.00 Aware/Always

3 2.51 – 3.50 Moderately Aware/Oftentimes
2 1.51 – 2.50 Slightly Aware/Sometimes
1 1.00 – 1.50 Not Aware/Never
RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS

Profile of the Respondents

Table 1 provides for the data on the profile of the motorists who were selected
as respondents in terms of their sex, civil status, age, educational attainment,
occupation and driving experience.

Table 1. Profile of the Respondents (n=200)

Profile Frequency (f) Percent (%)
Sex
Male 165 82.5
Female 35 17.5
Civil Status
Married 75 37.5
Single 125 62.5
Age
18-25 98 49
26-33 68 34
34-41 18 9
42-49 10 5
50 above 6 3
Educational Attainment
Elementary 5 2.5
Highschool 70 35
College 120 60
Masters Degree 5 2.5
Occupation
Tricycle driver 105 52.5
Jeepney driver 10 5
Bus driver 5 2.5
Teacher 7 3.5
Merchandiser 20 10
Sales Clerk 2 1
Farmer 5 2.5
Unemployed 46 23
Driver’s License
Professional 120 60
Non-Prof 80 40
Driving Experience
Below 1 year 15 7.5
1-3 years 88 44
4-6 53 26.5
7-9 20 10
10-12 11 5.5
13-15 5 2.5
16 years above 8 4

Table 1 disclosed that majority of the respondents are male (165 or 82.5%),
single (125 or 62.5%) and within the age range of 18-25 years old (98 or 49%). It
further showed that most of them attained college level (120 or 60%), were tricycle
drivers (105 or 52.5%), with professional license (120 or 60%) and with 1-3 years
driving experience (88 or 44%). The data showed that there were forty (40)
unemployed and six (6) who still drives within the age 50 and above. It implies that
driving profession is dominated by male because it is a common role for them, they
have the strength and physical fitness in driving because they are matured, equipped
with high level of education, inclined in driving work and complied with license
requirements and have minimal experience. Few drivers grow old in driving due to
weakening physical and mental ability. This findings is supported by the study of
Akaateba and Gyimah (2013) that no respondent was below 18 years and majority of
the respondents (47.4%) were between the ages of 31 to 40. Only 10.9% of the
respondents were over 50 years of age and that the over representation of male
respondents in the sample is a reflection of the general male dominance in the driver
population.

Level of Awareness and Compliance of the Motorists

Tables 2a, 2b and 2c reveals the responses of the motorist in terms of their
level of awareness and compliance on the traffic rules as provided in the citation
ticket, municipal ordinances and national laws.

Traffic Rules Covered in the Citation Ticket

Awareness. It can be inferred from the table 2a, that the respondents are
aware on the traffic rules provided in the citation ticket as shown in its weighted
average mean of 3.56. It signifies that the motorists are knowledgeable because they
underwent orientation and examination when they applied and renew licenses and
franchises. Their awareness was also influence by their level of education having
attained college as shown in their profile in Table 1 and also their membership to a
motor riders club had improved their awareness.

Table 2a. Level of Awareness and Compliance of the Motorists on the Traffic
Rules in the Citation Ticket

Awareness Compliance
Traffic Rules WM DI WM DI

1. No overloading 3.71 A 3.15 O

2. Do not drive a motor without silencer. 3.26 MA 3.42 O
3. Do not drive tricycle without body 3.48 MA 2.99 O
number.
4. No driving without license or expired 3.65 A 3.37 O
license
5. No driving for hire without professional 3.60 A 3.10 O
license
6. No driving for hire with slippers or short 3.38 MA 2.67 O
pants
7. No driving for hire without MTOP of 3.24 MA 2.64 O
Side car
8. No driving under the influence of liquor 3.77 A 3.15 O
9. No plate no travel. 3.67 A 3.24 O
10. Do not disregard traffic signs. 3.71 A 3.52 A
11. Do not demand fare more than that 3.64 A 2.97 O
allowed
12. No trip cutting 3.44 MA 3.51 A
 13. Do not make undue preference of 3.58 A 2.91 O
passenger.
14. Avoid reckless driving. 3.76 A 3.50 O
15. Do not take passengers in prohibited 3.61 A 3.29 O
zones.
16. Stopping during flag ceremony or retreat 3.31 MA 2.81 O
17. Respect the law enforcers 3.75 A 3.58 A
18. No obstruction 3.55 A 3.50 O
19. No hitching 3.58 A 3.48 O
Weighted Average Mean 3.56 A 3.20 O
Legend: Range of Values Descriptive Interpretation
3.51 – 4.00 Aware/Always
2.51 – 3.50 Moderately Aware/Oftentimes
1.51 – 2.50 Slightly Aware/Sometimes
1.00 – 1.50 Not Aware/Never

In an unstructured interview conducted asking how the respondent became

more aware of the traffic rules, he said:
“Nag atendar ak ti seminar maipanggep ti road safety kasi
member ak iti maysa a riders group” (I attended a road safety
seminar being a member of a riders group).

Another respondent answered that:

“naamuak dagitoy babaen ti pinagbuyak ti damdamag” (I
had known these by watching news)
The respondents have significant awareness on no over loading (wm=3.71), no
driving under the influence of liquor (wm=3.77), do not disregard traffic signs
(wm=3.71), avoid reckless driving (wm=3.76), and respect the law enforcers
(wm=3.75). Their knowledge is substantial that gives a reason to believe that the
agencies concerned are doing their very best to intensify their information drive on
the traffic rules. It also denotes that they are mindful to their responsibility as
motorists.

However they are moderately aware to the following: do not drive a motor
without silencer (3.26), do not drive tricycle without body number (3.48), no driving
for hire with slippers or short pants (3.38), no driving for hire without MTOP of Side
car (3.24), no trip cutting (3.44) and stopping during flag ceremony or retreat (3.31).
Results suggests that their awareness needs more improvement in order to become
more knowledgeable.

Compliance. As to the level of compliance of the motorists it can be gleaned

in the table that they oftentimes adhere to the traffic rules which is evident in its
weighted average mean of 3.20. Result showed that full compliance was not attained
which is attributed primarily to lack of discipline and lack of serious thought and full
awareness hence there is a need to instil to the motorists of their responsibility in
following the traffic rules.

It can also be noted in the table that the respondents always follow the traffic
signs (3.52), no trip cutting (3.51) and respect the law enforcers (3.58). Although
many motorists may be able to recognize road signs, it is not necessarily true that they
will fully understand the meaning or purpose of the traffic signs they see (Chan, [Link]).

Nevertheless there were more traffic rules of which they oftentimes observe
like no overloading, do not drive a motor without silencer, do not drive tricycle
without body number, no driving without license or expired license, no driving for
hire without professional license, no driving for hire with slippers or short pants, no
driving for hire without MTOP of Side car, no driving under the influence of liquor,
no plate no travel, do not demand fare more than that allowed, do not demand fare
more than that allowed, avoid reckless driving, do not take passengers in prohibited
zones, stopping during flag ceremony or retreat, no obstruction and no hitching.
Result is closely link also to the culture of the driver and their consciousness on traffic
rules. It means that the motorists have not fully attached themselves to know their
responsibility that needs to be given attention in order to cultivate a deeper sense of
commitment.

One of the respondent who is a tricycle driver said, they often do this during
rush hour especially in front of the school campuses where students likes to ride in
group and they also consider the amount they gained.

Three of the respondents said, “nu nakita me nga ad adu tay nagpara ti tricycle
isu ti alan mi a pasahero me” (if we saw that a group calling our attention for a ride
we prefer them as our passengers).

Another motorists told that if there is only one passenger that comes to them
they tell the passenger to have additional payment if he wanted to go immediately but
if not he has to wait.

Based on experiences of the researcher, motorist tend to drive reckless when

there is traffic congestion they always look for a way of which they can go through
and along the national highway that they commit over speeding.

One motorist also told, “agpataray ak nukwa alisto tapno maka ala kam pay ti
ad adu a pasahero tapno ad adu met ti masapulan me” (I drive fast so that I could
still get more passengers for me to have more gains). He also mentioned that they are
force to take passenger in the prohibited zone because the passenger demands for him
to get an immediate ride or for them to go near to their destination.

Traffic Rules Covered by Municipal/City Ordinances

Table 2b showed that the respondents are aware in almost all the rules
established by Municipal Ordinances as shown in its weighted average mean of 3.54.
The motorists had shown effort in knowing their responsibility as motorists which is a
good sign of commitment.
Table 2b. Level of Awareness and Compliance on Traffic Rules covered by
Municipal/City Ordinances

Awareness Compliance
WM DI WM DI
Rules covered by Municipal Ordinances
1. Always bring the Official Receipt (OR) 3.82 A 3.65 A
or Certificate of Registration (CR)
2. Do not use expired certificate of 3.55 A 3.31 O
registration
3. No entry 3.73 A 3.54 A
4. No out of line 3.52 A 3.13 O
5. No counter flow 3.60 A 3.52 A
6. No illegal parking 3.75 A 3.24 O
7. Do not use unregistered motorcycle 3.54 A 3.10 O
8. No face cover 2.83 MA 2.57 O
Weighted Average Mean 3.54 A 3.25 O
Legend: Range of Values Descriptive Interpretation
3.51 – 4.00 Aware/Always
2.51 – 3.50 Moderately Aware/Oftentimes
1.51 – 2.50 Slightly Aware/Sometimes
1.00 – 1.50 Not Aware/Never

Awareness. The respondents are aware in always bringing the Official

Receipt (OR) or Certificate of Registration (CR) which obtained the highest weighted
mean of 3.82. This is so because this had been instilled in their minds because from
the time that a traffic enforcer approach they will be asked about the “OR”-“CR”.
This is followed by no illegal parking (3.75) and no entry (3.73). They are
knowledgeable because signage were strategically located of which it is easily viewed
by them. The presence of traffic signs contributes to the awareness of the motorists.
However, they are moderately aware (2.83) on no face cover because this is
implemented in the municipality of San Nicolas and Laoag City. This municipal/city
ordinances has to be widely disseminated.

Compliance. Meanwhile the motorists oftentimes comply to the other

municipal/city ordinances with a weighted mean of 3.25. This is attributed to their
lack of awareness because some places do not strictly implement especially those
drivers who are new. There is a low compliance on no face cover with a weighted
mean of 2.57 only few are aware and they use face cover to protect their face from the
heat of the sun.

Traffic Rules Covered by National Laws

Table 2c shows the data on the awareness and compliance on traffic rules
under the national laws.

Awareness. Result showed that the motorists are aware on the traffic rules
covered by National Laws which obtained an average weighted mean of 3.69. On top
is avoid drunk driving (3.80), next is avoid drugged driving (3.75), followed by use of
helmet (3.65) and avoid distracted driving (3.65). It denotes that their knowledge is
high considering that that these are the common traffic violations which resulted to
fatal wounds and death of a persons involved. The respondents had become more
watchful as to what is happening in relation with their role as motorists. These are the
usual incidents being publicized by the media which made the motorist aware of it.

Table 2c. Level of Awareness and Compliance on Traffic Rules covered by

National Laws

Awareness Compliance
Rules covered by National Laws WM DI WM DI
1. Use of Helmet 3.65 A 3.03 O
2. Avoid Drunk driving 3.80 A 3.07 O
3. Avoid Drugged driving 3.75 A 3.70 A
4. Use of seatbelt 3.64 A 2.56 O
5. Avoid distracted driving (use of 3.65 A 2.71 O
cellphones and gadgets)
Average Weighted Mean 3.69 A 3.01 O
Legend: Range of Values Descriptive Interpretation
3.51 – 4.00 Aware/Always
2.51 – 3.50 Moderately Aware/Oftentimes
1.51 – 2.50 Slightly Aware/Sometimes
1.00 – 1.50 Not Aware/Never

In an informal interview as to how they got awareness on the national laws a

respondent answered,

“I happen to read in the news at the time that it will become effective”.
Another mototorist told that,

“Napanood ko ang balita tungkol sa ADDA” (I watch the news on ADDA).

Compliance. On the other hand, they oftentimes comply with a weighted

average mean of 3.01. Results imply lack of commitment in the observance of these
traffic rules.

The motorist have shown that they always (3.70) comply with anti-drugged
driving for the reason that the government is very active in the implementation of war
on drugs. Increased enforcement leads to an increased probability of detection, and
therefore also decreases the driver's tendency to commit violations (Yagil, D.).

The researcher asked a tricycle driver, why he always comply to the Anti-
Drunk and Drugged Driving Aact, he answered that, “Mabuteng ak a matay ken
perdien na ti salun-at mo ti droga” (I am afraid to die and drugs will destroy my
health).

Another respondent said, “Many people have died because of drug

involvement”.

As regards to their compliance on drunk driving it is just oftentimes (3.07)

because drinking liquor is already a practice of people especially if they attend
parties and events. This also attributed to their profile being young-adult who is
fond of drinking spree due to their aggressiveness.
 When a motorist was asked if he experienced driving under the influence
liquor, he answered that,

“Wen, nu malpas ti trabaho me aggi-inum kami ti arak kas panag agrelax

kadwak dagitay kaubraak sakam to agawid, masansan nga ob-obraen mi aglallo
no night duty kami” (Yes, after work we drink liquor to relax with my co-worker
then we go home, we do this most of the time especially if we have night duty).

The researcher asked another respondent if he encountered accident while

driving under the influence of liquor, he answered, “Yes, but it never stopped me
to drink and drive.” “Man mano met nga adda police ti rabii ta kalsada” (It is
seldom that there is a police during night time along the streets). A follow up
question was made as to why he drink and drive, his response is that, “Ditoy mo a
makita nu kasano kina laing mo ag drive” (It is in this way that you can test your
skill in driving).

The researcher asked, “How many accidents have you encountered?” The
motorist answered, “namin dua” (twice).

As to the use of helmet it was treated as oftentimes (3.03) because in San

Nicolas and Batac City it is not strictly implemented except in Laoag City where it
is required that a motorist has to wear the helmet to ensure protection. This mode
of implementation arises because of the problem in shooting incident committed by
riding in tandem of which they use helmet to conceal their identity. It has been also
observed that when a motorist have not reach Laoag City their helmet was placed
in their hands but when they are about to enter the said City that is the time that
they will only use it. It implies that there is no full compliance because the
implementation varies from different places. Motorist was motivated of self-
preservation. The use of helmet ensures protection of the motorist to avoid fatal
result of accidents so strict observance is highly encouraged.

A respondent was asked, why he used helmet even if it is not strictly

implemented in their place, he said, “Para safety ken kayat ko ti agbiag” (For
safety and I want to live).

The same question was asked to another motorist and he answered that for
him not to be apprehended by the law enforcers especially that he is studying in
Laoag City.

The table revealed that the use of seatbelt (2.56) and avoid distracted
driving (2.71) obtained a low weighted mean which is often complied by motorists.
This is due to the fact that the respondents mostly drive tricycles ad motor vehicles
only few drive four wheeled vehicles. This finding is supported by the observations
of the researcher that drivers of four wheeled vehicles do not always wear seatbelts
they only comply if they happen to see law enforcers along the roads and after
passing by they will again remove the seatbelt. Motorist are also prone to the use
of cell phones and gadgets while driving which causes accidents for the reason that
Anti-Distracted Driving Act was enacted. However, it is still observed that
motorist have not fully accepted thus violations were committed. It means that
motorist take the compliance of traffic rules for granted and commitment is
wanting. Compliance with some traffic laws requires constant effort and alertness
(Yagil, D.).

A respondent was asked if he committed violation on the use of seatbelt

and he answered in affirmative. Four respondents admitted that they use cell
phones and gadgets while driving and they even install a stereo to their motor
vehicle and produce loud sounds. One respondent said that he encountered an
accident because of listening to music using a gadget while driving.

CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS

Conclusions

The following conclusions were derived from the findings of this study:

1. The motorists are all licensed, educated, matured and with driving
experience.
2. The motorists are knowledgeable to the traffic rules in the citation ticket,
those covered in the municipal or city ordinances and national laws
because the law enforcement agencies conduct information drive. They
have moderate awareness to some extent.
3. They do not always comply in almost all the traffic rules which were
attributed to lack of discipline, commitment, situational factors and
awareness of motorists. Lack of enforcement was also noted for the cause
of non-compliance.
4. The awareness and compliance of motorist to traffic rules differ because
the implementation and enforcement varies from the different places.

RECOMMENDATIONS

1. The Land Transportation Office has to strictly implement the procedures in

the licensing requirements to ensure competent and disciplined motorists.
2. Intensify the regular orientation about the traffic rules to provide high
awareness to the motorists as a means to instil deeper sense of
commitment and responsibility in driving.
3. The motorists has to undergo seminar-workshop on value formations, good
grooming and public relation.
4. The province has to convene for the standardization on the implementation
of traffic laws especially in the use of helmet.

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