LESSON PLAN

COURSE : Fire Basic Recruit Course (FBRC)

MODULE : II – Disaster Management

SUBJECT : Hazardous Materials (HAZMAT) Awareness and Emergency

Response

METHODOLOGY : Lecture, Discussion and Demonstration

NUMBER OF HOURS : Sixteen (16)

LEARNING OBJECTIVES : At the end of the lesson, the trainees should be able to:
1. define hazardous materials and explain its scope and
responsibilities correctly;
2. identify the different kinds of hazardous materials correctly
3. apply the requirements for handling hazardous materials
correctly.
4. demonstrate the proper procedure on pre, actual and post
hazardous materials (HAZMAT) operations with accordance
to the BFP Operational Procedures Manual 2015.

LEARNING AIDS: Multi-Media Projector / Screen, Laptop, Emergency Response

Guide Book, Cellphone with Internet connection, Personal
Protective Equipment (PPE)

REFERENCES: BFP Operational Procedures Manual 2015, p. 212

Department of State (DOS), Antiterrorism Assistance (ATAP),

Albuquerque NM Instructors

Institute of Fire Service Training Association, Essentials of

Firefighting 7th Edition

2020 Emergency Response Guidebook

PPSC/NFTI-SLP1-2023-01

I. INTRODUCTION:
Preparatory Activities

• Opening Prayer
• Introduction of the Instructor
• Checking of attendance
• Presentation of the lesson
• Clarification of personal learning

Developmental Activities:

• Film Strips of “The Rock”. Students will observe the effects of chemical weapons in
mass destruction and human induce.

II. PRESENTATION (Lesson Proper)

• Introduce and discuss the following specific subject areas, given examples to make
point clear when necessary.

• Definition of hazardous materials and its scope and responsibilities

• Different kinds of hazardous materials
• Requirements for handling hazardous materials
• Procedure on pre, actual and post hazardous materials (HAZMAT) operations

• Emphasize the following Key Points:

• Hazardous materials can be any of these forms:

o Vehicular crash with substance leaking from tank
o Any fire and leaks from an industrial plant, refinery and warehouses that
produce, use or store chemical and explosives
o Leak from underground natural gas pipe
o Seepage of oil or gasoline in underground tanks and to its surrounding
o Build-up of methane or other by-products of waste decomposition in sewers or
other sewage-processing plants.

• Summarize the Lesson / Important Points Discussed

• Individual protection and safety are our primary concern, thus, every individual needs
to be aware of the hazardous materials (HazMat).

III. APPLICATION (Workshop)

 Students/Trainees will be grouped into ten (10) to accomplish the activity and they will
use the Emergency Response Guide Book for their guide.

IV. TEST

 Formulate test items that are aligned with the learning objectives.
  Closing Prayer

LESSON TIMETABLE

MODULE : II – Disaster Management

SUBJECT : Hazardous Materials (HAZMAT) Awareness and Emergency Response

METHODOLOGY : Lecture/Discussion-Demonstration

DURATION : Sixteen (16)

DURATION CONTENT / TOPIC STRATEGY / REFERENCE / EVALUATION

Day 1 ACTIVITY TOOLS / OUTPUT
10 mins Introduction
- Opening Prayer
- Introduction of
Instructor
- Checking of
attendance
- Presentation of the
lesson/objectives
- Clarification of personal
learning
5 mins Effects of chemical Viewing of film Multi-media
weapons of mass strips on Laptop
destruction and human hazardous Speaker
induce. materials Microphone

1 hr & Introduce and discuss the Lecture - BFP Operational

45 mins following topics: Discussion Procedures Manual,
-Definition of hazardous Department of State
materials and its scope (DOS)
and responsibilities Antiterrorism
Assistance (ATAP),
Albuquerque NM
Instructors
15 mins Break
1 hr & Cont… BFP Operational
45 mins - Definition of hazardous Lecture - Procedures Manual,
materials and its scope Discussion Department of State
and responsibilities (DOS)
Antiterrorism
Assistance (ATAP),
Albuquerque NM
Instructors
1 hr Lunch Break

2 Hrs Lecture - BFP Operational

 -Different kinds of Discussion Procedures Manual,
hazardous materials Department of State
(DOS)
Antiterrorism
Assistance (ATAP),
Albuquerque NM
Instructors

Emergency Response
Book

15 mins Break
1 hr & Cont.. Lecture - BFP Operational
45 mins Discussion Procedures Manual,
-Different kinds of Department of State
hazardous materials (DOS)
Antiterrorism
Assistance (ATAP),
Albuquerque NM
Instructors
DURATION CONTENT / TOPIC STRATEGY / REFERENCE / EVALUATION /
Day 2 ACTIVITY TOOLS OUTPUT
2 hrs -Requirements for Lecture - Department of
handling hazardous Discussion State (DOS)
materials Antiterrorism
Assistance
(ATAP),
Albuquerque NM
Instructors
15 mins Break .
1 hr & Cont… Lecture – Department of Oral Recitation
45 mins -Requirements for Discussion State (DOS)
handling hazardous Demonstration Antiterrorism Group
materials Assistance Presentation
(ATAP),
Albuquerque NM
Instructors
1 hr Lunch Break
2 hrs Procedure on pre, actual Department of
and post hazardous Lecture - State (DOS)
materials (HAZMAT) Discussion Antiterrorism Group
operations Demonstration Assistance Presentation
(ATAP),
Albuquerque NM
Instructors

15 mins Break
1 hr & Cont… Lecture - Department of Donning and
40 mins Discussion State (DOS) Doffing of PPE
-Procedure on pre, Demonstration Antiterrorism
actual and post Assistance
hazardous materials (ATAP),
(HAZMAT) operations Albuquerque NM
Instructors
5 mins Closing Prayer

LESSON MANUSCRIPT
 (HAZARDOUS MATERIALS AWARENESS LEVEL)

Definition:

Hazardous Materials (HazMat) – any substance (solid, liquid, gas) capable of causing harm to
people, property, and the environment.

HazMat Incidents – involves the actual or potential release of hazmat.

 Not the same as fire suppression

 Not the same as the “normal” emergency operations
 It requires different protective equipment, operational approaches and trainings
 Local government is the first line of defense: well-trained and motivated first responders.
 Respond: Safely, slowly and methodically.

Scope:

- Emergency Medical Services, Hazardous Materials (HazMat) Team, Special Rescue Unit
(SRU)

Responsibilities:

- EMS Team – responsible for receiving patients/victims, providing treatment and transport
to hospital.

- SRU Team – responsible for the retrieval and decontamination of patients/victims before
endorsing them to the EMS team.

- HazMat Team – responsible for the management and disposal of hazardous materials.

- Incident Commander (IC) – the overall in-charge in the same scene. IC formulates action
plan, establish goal and strategies. IC may also request for additional resources when
necessary.

-
Kinds of Hazardous Materials:

1. Explosive Materials or Potentially Explosive Chemical – Substances or articles that

designed to function by explosion or rapid release of gas heat by chemical reaction within itself
that cause mass destruction, protection, fire hazards. Mechanical effects will result blister,
bruises and laceration to human.

- Such gun powder, class I, II magazines, blasting cap, dynamite, ammunitions, fire work or
pyrotechnics, black powder, detonating cord, propellant gas, organic peroxides,
nitromethane, ammonium nitrate, fertilizer and fuel mixture oil.
2. Compressed Gases (Class II) – Substances are divided to 3 divisions namely: Flammable
gas, non-flammable gas and poisonous gas. This gases has 68° F boiling point ignitable
mixture when combined with 13% air, or this substance produce sufficient oxygen support
combustion when combined with reactive material or which substance have toxic hazard to
human health.

- Such hydrogen, propane, butane, Cryogenic, nitrogen, natural gas, LPG, Acetylene,
helium, argon krypton, xenon, CO2, Anhydrous ammonia, phosgene corrosive gas and
poisonous gas.

3. Flammable Liquids (Class III) – Substance having a flash point below 37.8 C and ignition or
boiling point above 37.8 C that when contact with heat will cause accelerate combustion/or
burn across the surface.

- Includes paint, thinner, varnish, acetone, alcohol, gasoline, oil & solvent

- Combustible Liquid – Any combustible liquid does meet above 141 F (61 C) flash point,
and boiling point at 200 F (93 C). Thermal effects will results burns.

4. Flammable Solid (Class IV) – Substances are self-active, wetted explosive and readily
combustible. Even small quantities and without an external ignition source can ignite within 5
min. self-heating reaction or contact with water become flammable or toxic gas.
- Such as magnesium, red phosphorous and calcium carbide.

5. Oxidizing Agents and Organic Peroxide (Class V) – This material generates by yielding
oxygen to sustain combustion, Bivalent-O-O-structure. Organic peroxide is high sensitive
decompose self-accelerating combustion.

- Such as ammonium nitrate, ethyl ketone peroxide

6. Poisonous and Infectious (Class VI) – Materials have toxic to human and have iable micro-
organism may cause disease in human and animal infectious substance which also called
ETIOLOGICAL AGENTS.

- Such as arsenic, pesticide, rabies, HIV and Hepa-B (BIO MEDICAL HAZARDS).

7. Radioactive (Class VII) – materials are spontaneously emit ionizing radiation that penetrating
to external and internal body organ to-cause injury.

- Such as uranium, plutonium, cobalt, alpha, beta & gamma particles, X-ray radiation

8. Corrosive (Class VIII) – Substance that causes visible destruction to human skin tissue also
has severe corrosion rate on steel and aluminum. Corrosive are acid or base. The term a
caustic or alkaline are use to refer the materials (PH)
- Such as sulfuric acid, sodium hydroxide

9. Miscellaneous (Class IX)- This materials that create fire supporting, conductive, smoke
generating or toxic gas such as plastic based, rubber, lumber or fibers, insulating and
cushioning materials, boxes, wall refrigerants and also include materials that are
environmental hazards and dangerous waste such as POLYCHORINATED BIPHENYD
(PCBS), molten sulfur,, asbestos, fumaric acid.
Requirements for Handling Hazardous Materials:

1. Hazardous material shall be safeguarded with protective facilitates and devices.

2. Empty containers shall be repair or disposed in accordance with recognize safety practice.
3. No spilled materials shall be allowed to accumulate on floors and shelves.
4. Where kept for retails/sales/storage shall be neat and orderly clean.
5. Hazmat shall be bear special designed and color label consist of four (4) diamonds arranged
into one (1) large diamond indicating:
a) Toxicity and health hazard
b) Flammability
c) Reactivity
d) Firefighting and first aid instruction

Placards and Labels

- Hazard communication forms the backbone of emergency response and emergency

response begins with identification.

Placard
o It is a sign of warning of the possible hazard
o A sign that injury will b caused
o It is intended to warm of the hazard quickly

Placards vs Labels

o Placards indicates the same hazard as labels

o Labels look like placards, except: labels are smaller found on small things while
placards are on big things.

How to identify the hazards using placards and labels

 By its color
- Orange placards for explosives
- Red placards for flammable or combustible
- White placards for poisonous and toxic
- Yellow placards for promoters of fire
- Black placards for miscellaneous
- Green placards usually mean safe but projection hazard
- Blue placard for dangerous when wet.

 By its symbol
  By the number or class
- Hazard Class 1. Explosives
- Hazard Class 2. Gases
- Hazard Class 3. Flammable/Combustible Liquids
- Hazard Class 4. Flammable solids, spontaneously combustible materials; and
materials that are dangerous when wet
- Hazard Class 5. Oxidizer and Organic Peroxides
- Hazard Class 6. Poisonous and Infectious Substances
- Hazard Class 7. Radioactive Materials
- Hazard Class 8. Corrosive
- Hazard Class 9. Miscellaneous Hazardous Materials

Methods of Identification

 Recognize and identify

 If you cannot identify, try to classify the material into a hazard class

Emergency Response Guidebook (ERG)

 White section – basic information, instruction and placard table

 Yellow section – numerical order of the 4-digit ID number
 Blue section – alphabetical order of the material
 Orange section
- 62 individuals guides in s two page format
- Each guide is for group of materials with similar and toxicological
characteristics.
- Left hand is the safety information
- Right hand is the emergency response guidelines
 Green section- isolation distances and protective actions for small and large spills, day
or night.

Emergency Response Guidebook (ERG) Limits

 Classifies by major hazard class or general chemical only.
 Guides provide only the essential guidance.
 Use table of placards if materials cannot be identified.
 Use only in initial response phase.

Levels of Protection

Level A
 Vapor Protective Suits or Totally Encapsulating Chemical Protective Suits
 Chemical-resistant inner and outer gloves
 Chemical-resistant bots with steel toe and shank
 Provides the highest available degree of both respiratory protection, skin and eye
protection.
 Level B
 SCBA, plus chemical resistant suits, boots, gloves
 Maximum respiratory protection
 Moderate to low body protection
 Not vapor tight

Level C
 Full face or half face respirator, plus chemical resistant suits against splash, chemical
boots, plus double gloves

Level D
 Provides protection only against normal workplace safety hazards.
Site Control

 Isolation. The best way to protect people and property from the potential harm of a
hazardous material release is to separate them from the released materials. Isolation allows
response personnel to plan and conduct their activities without having to perform unnecessary
rescue operations.

 Access Control. The first responder’s initial actions should be to control access to the hazard
area and to establish an isolation perimeter. Cordon the area.

 Evacuation and Protection in Place. For spills or releases of solids or liquids with low
evaporations rates, outlining and controlling the area of hazard may be a relatively simple
process. However, for releases of gases or highly volatile liquids, the contaminant may travel
in gas or vapor.

 Zoning. Once an isolation perimeter has been established, the area within it can be
subdivided into control zones with distinct lines of demarcation.

 Hot Zone. The hot zone contains the actual hazard area. It is the area where primary
response operations are carried out in order to mitigate the incident.

 Warm Zone. The warm zone or contamination reduction zone (CRZ), is located behind the hot
line and serves as s buffer zone between the hot zone and cold zone or uncontaminated area
of the site.

 Cold Zone. The area of the incident scene located beyond the contamination control line is
the cold zone or support zone.

First Responder’s Responsibilities – R.I.P. NOT!

R-ecognition and Identification

I-solation
P-rotection
NOT-ification
Six (6) Basic Clues to Recognition

1. Human Senses
2. Occupancy and/or location
3. Container/Vehicle Shape
4. Markings and colors
5. Placards and labels
6. Papers (shipping papers, MSDS)

General Procedures in Hazardous Materials (HazMat) Operations:

Pre/Before
1. The Team Leader or crew gathers information from dispatch:
a) Location, address, and landmarks close to the scene
b) Nature of call
c) Information of possible victims/patients, status and number
d) Special problems or other pertinent information of the scene (Advance Cardiac Life
Support needed, police assistance)

2. The EMS Team performs the following en-route to scene:

a) Reports to dispatch-confirm response and record time.
b) Simultaneous flashing of warning lights and sirens.
c) Practice safety and fasten seatbelt.
d) Wears EMS vest and don PPE.
e) Prepares equipment (portable oxygen tank, responder kits, scoop stretcher /
backboard, flashlight, C-collar, BVM, CPR mask, AED).
f) Prepares Patient Care Report (PCR).

Actual/During
3. The Tem Leader reports to dispatch and notes time upon arrival at the scene.

4. For safety, the ambulance driver ensures that:

a) The ambulance is park in safe location (uphill and upwind).
b) To leave the warning lights of the ambulance on.
c) To stay away from fires, explosives hazards, downed wires and structures that might
collapse.

5. EMS Team Leader reports to the Incident Commander (IC).

6. The Team Leader requests the dispatch of hazmat team once the incident is recognized as
one involving hazardous materials.

7. While waiting for the hazmat team to arrive, the EMS Team focuses on activities that will
ensure the safety and survival of the greatest number of people.

8. The Team Leader uses the ambulance’s public address system to alert individuals who are
near the scene and direct them to move to a location where they will be sufficiently far from
danger.
 9. IC monitors the situation
9.1 HazMat Team reports to IC if hazards are controlled.
9.2 HazMat Team engages the scene, retrieves and decontaminates the victims/patients.
9.3 EMS Team assesses and treats the decontaminated patients

10. After receiving patients, the EMS Team Leader/crew assesses patient status, initiates
management as per protocols and communicates with Medical Control for additional
instructions to be carried out.

11. Most serious injuries and deaths from hazmat result from airway and breathing problems,
those EMS crew must take sure to maintain the airway. If patients appear to be in distress,
EMS Crew can give oxygen at 12 to 15 L/min with a non-rebreather (NRB) mask.

12. If signs indicate that respiration distress is increasing, EMS crew may provide assisted
ventilation with bag valve mask (BVM) device and high-flow oxygen.

13. The Team Leader or crew member will document all interventions in the PCR form.

14. The Ambulance Team prepares to transport the patient if necessary.

15. The EMS Team Leader reports to IC the total tally of patients treated.

16. The EMS Driver prepares the ambulance en-route hospital and notifies dispatch that you are
leaving the scene.

17. The Team Leader gives instruction to dispatch to inform the receiving hospital that the patient
came from a hazmat scene for the hospital to make the necessary preparations.

18. The EMS Crew completes the PCR form.

19. Special care: In Critical patients who maybe in respiratory distress or needs immediate
transport that time necessary for full decontaminations may prove fatal.

Post/After
20. Check with hospital to determine where the ambulance can be decontaminated and the
availability of the equipment for this purpose.

21. The Ambulance Crew decontaminates exposed personnel

22. The Team Leader or crew notifies dispatch of the departure from hospital, and if there are
enough ambulance on the scene EMS Team may proceed to base for proper decontamination
of personnel, equipment and ambulance.

23. The Ambulance Crew performs the necessary decontamination and finishes documentations
upon arrival at the station.

24. The EMS Team Leader conducts defusing for the team upon arrival at the scene.
Prepared by: SFO1 Froilan A Briones
FO3 Porferia P Valleser
FO1 Devora Joy B Magmanlac