AI Variations and Definitions
Artificial Intelligence
Artificial Intelligence is a field of Computer Science where Systems are taught
and can simulate intelligent behavior and/or activities using programs and
technology.
Deep learning
Deep Learning is a collection of algorithms used in machine learning, used to
model high-level abstractions in data through the use of model architectures. It
is part of a broad family of methods used for machine learning based on
learning representations of different types of data.
Machine Learning
Machine Learning is a subspecialty of the science of artificial intelligence by
which a computer improves its own performance by continuously
incorporating new data into its statistical model.
Artificial Neural Network (ANN)
Artificial Neural Network (ANN) is a term used to describe algorithms and
programs that mimic biological neural networks. The machine learns based on
input and output as information flows through these networks.
Algorithms
Algorithms are processes for solving mathematical operations. In the field of
computer programming, algorithms are used to define a set of processes that
the program must take to determine outcomes.
Cognitive Computing
Cognitive computing refers to the science of teaching a system how to
comprehend problems, like a human, to find solutions in complex situations
where not all the data gets incorporated into the data model. Present in many
AI applications, cognitive computing, like VR, robotics, and neural networks
helps to extrapolate situations and possible solutions by the program and
system.
AI Variations and Definitions
Natural Language Processing
Natural language processing is a field within computer science that studies the
interaction between humans and computers for verbal communications. This
science focuses on understanding and processing syntax, semantics, speech,
and dialogue, to name a few.
Visual Information Processing
Visual Information Processing describes the ability of a system or program to
understand and translate information gained by optical sensors in the visual
and non-visual spectrums (ultraviolet and Infrared). This information translates
to data that can be processed by the application to make decisions based on
this type of data.
Supervised Learning
Supervised learning is an algorithm that analyzes data and returns the desired
output. This is done by taking input and analyzing it with expected and pre-
defined input-output data and defining the expected outputs of that data pair.
The algorithm then infers the best (most reasonable) course of action based on
the training data it possesses.
Unsupervised Learning
Unsupervised learning is an algorithm characterized by being able to self-
organize unknown patterns in data pairs to model the probabilities and the
outcomes based on the availability of the data. The model gets more precise,
with more data.
Reinforcement Learning
Reinforcement learning is an algorithm that focuses not on the input/output
pairs but on the outcomes that bring the best reward. Think positive
reinforcement, without losing the “incorrect/not best” results.
Autonomic Computing
Autonomic computing refers to an area of study in which systems and
programs can self-correct and react to unexpected changes. This course of
study was started by IBM in 2001 to help computer systems self-manage
themselves when errors occurred.
AI Variations and Definitions
Chat Bots
Chat bots are artificial intelligence programs designed to carry out
conversations and interact with a human via text or voice. These programs are
designed to simulate how a human would speak or type, some are simple (like
you see on websites), some can be as complex as to attempt to pass the Turing
test.
Data mining
Data mining is the way programs discover patterns in large data sets. Data
mining is a cross between computer science and statistics, with the goal of
extracting information and transforming the information into an
understandable structure for further use. Data mining is a buzzword and
usually used to describe collection, extraction, warehousing, analysis, and
statistics of data.
Predictive Analysis
Predictive analysis is used to describe the analytics performed on a data set to
make predictions about future events. These analytics make use of data
mining, statistics, and modeling. For example, the National Weather Service
uses weather predicting models to provide weather forecasts around the
country.
