history of architecture

Indian
Gothic
ROMANESQUE

GOTHIC
RENAISSANCE
Architecture
Architecture
18TH - 19TH C.: REVIVAL
20TH C.: MODERN
 Introduction

The Historical
Timeline of Architecture

Egyptian Byzantine

Pre-Historic Greek Roman Early Christian Romanesque Gothic Renaissance 18th-19th C: 20th C:
Revival Modern
history of architecture

Near East Islamic

ROMANESQUE
Indian Chinese & Japanese
GOTHIC
RENAISSANCE
18TH - 19TH C.: REVIVAL
20TH C.: MODERN
 Gothic
NORWAY
SCOTLAND
SWEDEN
DENMARK ESTONIA
RUSSIA
ENGLAND
IRELAND LIVONIA
POLAND
HOLY ROMAN
EMPIRE LITHUANIA
FRANCE
HUNGARY

CASTILE PAPAL
STATES OTTOMAN EMPIRE • Some 4000 new towns were built to accommodate the
rising population
• Towns became centers of trade – Paris, Milan, Florence,
AFRICA Venice, Naples

• Mixture of lands ruled by nobles

• Feudal system - landlords ruled with tyranny

• There was restlessness among the people

• Towns became crowded and dirty - disease was rife
• Black Death struck Europe from 1347 to 1351 and killed
half the population - spread by rats and fleas, could kill a
history of architecture

INFLUENCES person within 3 days

HISTORY
• 12th – 13th centuries: Holy Roman Empire was reduced
to the area of Germany
• Only 3 great kingdoms were left: France, England and
Castile in Spain

• Prosperous years in terms of agriculture - warm weather

and invention of the windmill and water-mill increased the
amount of food produced
ROMANESQUE

GOTHIC • Most Europeans were Catholics

RENAISSANCE • Church under the Pope brought Christians together
• Entire Christianity was united against Muslims ARCHITECTURAL CHARACTER - DESCRIPTION
18TH - 19TH C.: REVIVAL
• The rulers, the church and townspeople spent wealth on • "Gothic" is a term used in reproach to this style
20TH C.: MODERN
building more castles, cathedrals and monasteries • a departure from classic lines
• Towns competed with each other to produce the best • Can be identified by the general use of pointed arch
architecture • Also called “Medieval Architecture”
 Gothic

history of architecture

ROMANESQUE

GOTHIC
RENAISSANCE
18TH - 19TH C.: REVIVAL
20TH C.: MODERN
 history of architecture

ROMANESQUE

GOTHIC
RENAISSANCE
18TH - 19TH C.: REVIVAL
20TH C.: MODERN
 Gothic

history of architecture

ROMANESQUE

GOTHIC
RENAISSANCE
18TH - 19TH C.: REVIVAL
20TH C.: MODERN
 Gothic

history of architecture

ROMANESQUE

GOTHIC
RENAISSANCE
18TH - 19TH C.: REVIVAL
20TH C.: MODERN
 Gothic

history of architecture

ROMANESQUE

GOTHIC
RENAISSANCE
18TH - 19TH C.: REVIVAL
20TH C.: MODERN
 Gothic

history of architecture

ROMANESQUE

GOTHIC
RENAISSANCE
18TH - 19TH C.: REVIVAL
20TH C.: MODERN
 Gothic

history of architecture

ROMANESQUE

GOTHIC
RENAISSANCE
18TH - 19TH C.: REVIVAL
20TH C.: MODERN
 Gothic

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ROMANESQUE

GOTHIC
RENAISSANCE
18TH - 19TH C.: REVIVAL
20TH C.: MODERN
 history of architecture

ROMANESQUE

GOTHIC
RENAISSANCE
18TH - 19TH C.: REVIVAL
20TH C.: MODERN

York Cathedral - largest medieval cathedral in England and in Northern Europe

 history of architecture

ROMANESQUE

GOTHIC
RENAISSANCE
18TH - 19TH C.: REVIVAL
20TH C.: MODERN

Winchester Cathedral - longest medieval cathedral in England

 Gothic

history of architecture

ROMANESQUE

GOTHIC
RENAISSANCE
18TH - 19TH C.: REVIVAL
20TH C.: MODERN
 Gothic

history of architecture

ROMANESQUE

GOTHIC
RENAISSANCE
18TH - 19TH C.: REVIVAL
20TH C.: MODERN
 Gothic

history of architecture

ROMANESQUE

GOTHIC
RENAISSANCE
18TH - 19TH C.: REVIVAL
20TH C.: MODERN
 Gothic

history of architecture

ROMANESQUE

GOTHIC
RENAISSANCE
18TH - 19TH C.: REVIVAL
20TH C.: MODERN
 history of architecture

ROMANESQUE

GOTHIC
RENAISSANCE
18TH - 19TH C.: REVIVAL
20TH C.: MODERN
 ENGLAND

NORMAN (1066 to 1154 AD)

• Includes the raising of most of major Romanesque
churches and castles

TRANSITIONAL (1154 to 1189 AD)

• Pointed arches in Romanesque structures

EARLY ENGLISH (1189 to 1307 AD)

• Equivalent to High Gothic in France
• Also called "Lancet" or "First Pointed" style, from long
narrow pointed windows

DECORATED (1307 to 1377 AD)

• Window tracery is "Geometrical" in form, and later,
flowing tracery patterns and curvilinear surface pattern
• Also called "Second Pointed", equivalent to French
"Flamboyant" style
history of architecture

PERPENDICULAR (1377 to 1485 AD)

• Also called "Rectilinear“ or "Third Pointed"

TUDOR (1495 to 1558 AD)

• Increasing application of Renaissance detail

ELIZABETHAN (1558 to 1603 AD)

• Renaissance ideas take strong hold

ROMANESQUE

GOTHIC
RENAISSANCE
18TH - 19TH C.: REVIVAL
20TH C.: MODERN
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GOTHIC
RENAISSANCE
18TH - 19TH C.: REVIVAL
20TH C.: MODERN
 history of architecture

ROMANESQUE

GOTHIC
RENAISSANCE
18TH - 19TH C.: REVIVAL
20TH C.: MODERN
 history of architecture

ROMANESQUE

GOTHIC
RENAISSANCE
18TH - 19TH C.: REVIVAL
20TH C.: MODERN
 history of architecture

ROMANESQUE

GOTHIC
RENAISSANCE
18TH - 19TH C.: REVIVAL
20TH C.: MODERN
 history of architecture

ROMANESQUE

GOTHIC
RENAISSANCE
18TH - 19TH C.: REVIVAL
20TH C.: MODERN
 history of architecture

ROMANESQUE

GOTHIC
RENAISSANCE
18TH - 19TH C.: REVIVAL
20TH C.: MODERN
 history of architecture

ROMANESQUE

GOTHIC
RENAISSANCE
18TH - 19TH C.: REVIVAL
20TH C.: MODERN
 history of architecture

ROMANESQUE

GOTHIC
RENAISSANCE
18TH - 19TH C.: REVIVAL
20TH C.: MODERN
 Gothic
FRANCE
• In French, "L'architecture Ogivale“

Features:
• Use of pointed arch to cover
rectangular bays
• Use of flying buttresses weighted by
pinnacles
• Tall, thin columns – “stretching up
as if to heaven”
• Walls released from load-bearing
function
• Invention of colored, stained glass
windows to adorn window-walls

• Tracery windows provided a

framework for Bible stories to be told
in pictures
• Cathedrals as a library for illiterate
townspeople - Biblical stories were
history of architecture

told with stained-glass and statuary

ROMANESQUE

GOTHIC
RENAISSANCE
18TH - 19TH C.: REVIVAL
20TH C.: MODERN
 history of architecture

ROMANESQUE

GOTHIC
RENAISSANCE
18TH - 19TH C.: REVIVAL
20TH C.: MODERN
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ROMANESQUE

GOTHIC
RENAISSANCE
18TH - 19TH C.: REVIVAL
20TH C.: MODERN
 Gothic
Chartres Cathedral

Notre Dame, Paris

• One of the oldest French cathedrals
• Begun by Bishop Maurice de Sully

• Façade features successive tiers of niches with statues:

Christ and French kings
• Central wheel window
• Two western towers with high pointed louvred openings
history of architecture

ROMANESQUE

GOTHIC
RENAISSANCE
18TH - 19TH C.: REVIVAL
Other cathedrals:
20TH C.: MODERN
Beauvais Cathedral
Laon Cathedral
Soissons Cathedral
 history of architecture

ROMANESQUE

GOTHIC
RENAISSANCE
18TH - 19TH C.: REVIVAL
20TH C.: MODERN
 history of architecture

ROMANESQUE

GOTHIC
RENAISSANCE
18TH - 19TH C.: REVIVAL
20TH C.: MODERN
 history of architecture

ROMANESQUE

GOTHIC
RENAISSANCE
18TH - 19TH C.: REVIVAL
20TH C.: MODERN
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GOTHIC
RENAISSANCE
18TH - 19TH C.: REVIVAL
20TH C.: MODERN
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GOTHIC
RENAISSANCE
18TH - 19TH C.: REVIVAL
20TH C.: MODERN
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ROMANESQUE

GOTHIC
RENAISSANCE
18TH - 19TH C.: REVIVAL
20TH C.: MODERN
 history of architecture

ROMANESQUE

GOTHIC
RENAISSANCE
18TH - 19TH C.: REVIVAL
20TH C.: MODERN
 history of architecture

ROMANESQUE

GOTHIC
RENAISSANCE
18TH - 19TH C.: REVIVAL
20TH C.: MODERN
 history of architecture

ROMANESQUE

GOTHIC
RENAISSANCE
18TH - 19TH C.: REVIVAL
20TH C.: MODERN
 history of architecture

ROMANESQUE

GOTHIC
RENAISSANCE
18TH - 19TH C.: REVIVAL
20TH C.: MODERN
 Gothic
GERMANY, BELGIUM AND THE NETHERLANDS
• In Germany, the chief influence came from France, not from German Romanesque
• In Belgium and The Netherlands, it was based on French Gothic, developing the
Brabantine style

HALL CHURCHES
• Had a different look:
• Nave and aisle of same height
• One or two immense and ornate western towers or apse, in place of sculptured
doorway
• Brick-work and simplified ornamentation
history of architecture

ROMANESQUE

GOTHIC
RENAISSANCE
18TH - 19TH C.: REVIVAL
20TH C.: MODERN Ulm Cathedral St. Elizabeth, Marburg
Typical hall church
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ROMANESQUE

GOTHIC
RENAISSANCE
18TH - 19TH C.: REVIVAL
20TH C.: MODERN
 history of architecture

ROMANESQUE

GOTHIC
RENAISSANCE
18TH - 19TH C.: REVIVAL
20TH C.: MODERN
 history of architecture

ROMANESQUE

GOTHIC
RENAISSANCE
18TH - 19TH C.: REVIVAL
20TH C.: MODERN
 Gothic
SPAIN
• Strong Moorish influences: the use of horseshoe arches
and rich surface decoration of intricate geometrical and
flowing patterns
• Churches had flat exterior appearance, due to chapels
inserted between buttresses
• Excessive ornament, without regard to constructive
character Gerona Cathedral

Granada Cathedral
history of architecture

Toledo Cathedral

ROMANESQUE Burgos Cathedral (1221 - 1457 AD)

GOTHIC • Irregular in plan
RENAISSANCE
• Most beautiful and poetic of all Spanish cathedrals
18TH - 19TH C.: REVIVAL
Seville Cathedral (1402 to 1520 AD) Salamanca Cathedral
20TH C.: MODERN
• Largest Medieval church in Europe
• Second largest church in the world, next to St. Peter's, Other cathedrals:
Rome • Avila Cathedral, Segovia Cathedral, Barcelona Cathedral
 history of architecture

ROMANESQUE

GOTHIC
RENAISSANCE
18TH - 19TH C.: REVIVAL
20TH C.: MODERN
 history of architecture

ROMANESQUE

GOTHIC
RENAISSANCE
18TH - 19TH C.: REVIVAL
20TH C.:
• Irregular in MODERN
plan
• Most beautiful and poetic of all Spanish cathedrals
 history of architecture

ROMANESQUE

GOTHIC
RENAISSANCE
18TH - 19TH C.: REVIVAL
20TH C.: MODERN
 history of architecture

ROMANESQUE

GOTHIC
RENAISSANCE
18TH - 19TH C.: REVIVAL
20TH C.: MODERN
 Gothic
ITALY
• Led the way in Europe, in terms of art, learning and
commerce

• Cultural revival was taking place in Italy in advance of

northern Europe

• Roman tradition remained strong

• This arrested the development of Gothic architecture in

Italy
• Verticality of Gothic is generally neutralized by horizontal
cornices and string courses
• Absence of pinnacles and flying buttresses
• Small windows without tracery
• Projecting entrance porches with columns on lion-like
beasts
history of architecture

Siena Cathedral
• One of most stupendous undertakings since the building
of the Pisa cathedral
• Outcome of civic pride - all artists in Siena contributed
their works to its building and adornment
• Cruciform plan
ROMANESQUE • Zebra marble striping on wall and pier
GOTHIC
RENAISSANCE
Florence Cathedral or S. Maria del Fiore
18TH - 19TH C.: REVIVAL
• Designed by Arnolfo di Cambio
20TH C.: MODERN
• Essentially Italian in character, without the vertical
features of Gothic
• Peculiar latin cross plan with campanile and baptistery
 history of architecture

ROMANESQUE

GOTHIC
RENAISSANCE
18TH - 19TH C.: REVIVAL
20TH C.: MODERN
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ROMANESQUE

GOTHIC
RENAISSANCE
18TH - 19TH C.: REVIVAL
20TH C.: MODERN

• Largest Medieval cathedral in Italy

• 3rd largest cathedral in Europe
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ROMANESQUE

GOTHIC
RENAISSANCE
18TH - 19TH C.: REVIVAL
20TH C.: MODERN
 history of architecture

ROMANESQUE

GOTHIC
RENAISSANCE
18TH - 19TH C.: REVIVAL
20TH C.: MODERN
 history of architecture

ROMANESQUE

GOTHIC
RENAISSANCE
18TH - 19TH C.: REVIVAL
20TH C.: MODERN
 MANOR HOUSES
• Erected by new and wealthy trading families

Parts:
• great hall, room with solar room, chapel, latrine chamber, service rooms,
kitchens, central hearth

Later, in Tudor Manor Houses

• increased rooms, quadrangular court, battlement parapets, and
gateways, chimneys, buttery (butler’s pantry), oven, pantry, serving area
and storage, larder (food storage), wardrobe, oratory-study, private
chapel with altar and crucifix, scullery, brew house
history of architecture

ROMANESQUE

GOTHIC
RENAISSANCE
18TH - 19TH C.: REVIVAL
20TH C.: MODERN
Penhurst Place, Kent
 history of architecture

ROMANESQUE

GOTHIC
RENAISSANCE
18TH - 19TH C.: REVIVAL
20TH C.: MODERN
 Gothic
CASTLES
• Built on mounds above rivers
• Thick walls and small windows to resist attack

• Many were adapted to make convenient residences in

later periods

Carcassone
• built in 13th Century AD
• double wall, inner one made in 600 AD
• 50 towers and moat
• two gateways guarded by machicolations, drawbridge
and portcullis
history of architecture

ROMANESQUE

GOTHIC
RENAISSANCE
18TH - 19TH C.: REVIVAL
20TH C.: MODERN
 Gothic

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GOTHIC
RENAISSANCE
18TH - 19TH C.: REVIVAL
20TH C.: MODERN
 history of architecture

ROMANESQUE

GOTHIC
RENAISSANCE
18TH - 19TH C.: REVIVAL
20TH C.: MODERN
 history of architecture

ROMANESQUE

GOTHIC
RENAISSANCE
18TH - 19TH C.: REVIVAL
20TH C.: MODERN
 history of architecture

ROMANESQUE

GOTHIC
RENAISSANCE
18TH - 19TH C.: REVIVAL
20TH C.: MODERN
 DOCUMENTARIES

• Contest of the cathedrals – the Gothic period

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4eGWHxbTSO8

• 8 of the Best Gothic Cathedrals

https://www.architecturaldigest.com/gallery/best-gothic-cathedrals
• Chartres Cathedral
https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/81/
history of architecture

ROMANESQUE

GOTHIC
RENAISSANCE
18TH - 19TH C.: REVIVAL
20TH C.: MODERN
 Significance
The mosque is an example of the mud-brick construction of the region. Typical of the Dyula mosques, the building does not have a courtyard. The flat roof is
supported by clay piers and the structure contains numerous buttresses.

Selection Criteria
history of architecture

vi. to be directly or tangibly associated with events or living traditions, with ideas, or with beliefs, with artistic and literary works of outstanding universal
significance

End of Module 2
ISLAMIC Ar. Christian Nico Pilotin
INDIAN
SRI LANKA
HOA 121 Instructor
BURMA, CAMBODIA,
THAILAND
CHINESE
JAPANESE
 • Plate No. 2

• Reproduction drawing
• Page 1. Draw the Amiens Cathedral (2a)
• Page 1. Draw the Chartres Cathedral (2b)
• Page 1. Draw the Milan Cathedral (2c)
• Page 1. Draw the Seville Cathedral (2d)

• Page 2. Draw the Three Phases of French Gothic

history of architecture

• Plate Title: GOTHIC ARCHITECTURE

• Due Date: October 29, 2022

• Late plates to be deducted (-1 per day, 2 weeks 75)
ROMANESQUE • Color pencils/pens, watercolor or any other medium
GOTHIC
RENAISSANCE • Paper size Use 9"x12"
18TH - 19TH C.: REVIVAL
20TH C.: MODERN
• You may add description...
• Put the Building name
 Plates
• Reproduction Drawings

MATERIALS:
history of architecture

a. Sketchpad. Use 9"x12" sketchpad

b. HB pencil/s
c. Colored pens and pencils
d. Watercolor

ROMANESQUE

GOTHIC
RENAISSANCE
18TH - 19TH C.: REVIVAL
20TH C.: MODERN
 Significance
The mosque is an example of the mud-brick construction of the region. Typical of the Dyula mosques, the building does not have a courtyard. The flat roof is
supported by clay piers and the structure contains numerous buttresses.

Selection Criteria
history of architecture

vi. to be directly or tangibly associated with events or living traditions, with ideas, or with beliefs, with artistic and literary works of outstanding universal
significance
Color Code

SUBJECT

ROMANESQUE

GOTHIC
RENAISSANCE
18TH - 19TH C.: REVIVAL
20TH C.: MODERN
 BS ARCH BS ARCH BS ARCH BS ARCH

HOA 2 HOA 2 HOA 2 HOA 2

history of architecture

ROMANESQUE

GOTHIC
RENAISSANCE
18TH - 19TH C.: REVIVAL
20TH C.: MODERN
 Guidelines for Submission of Plates
1. Refer to Drawing Schedule for due dates of each Plates
2. Prepare to take a photo/scan of your finished/ completed Plate (whole paper)
3. Required format .jpeg
4. Rename photo: Program/Section, Course, Plate No., Last Name, First Name
(example below)
Significance
BSARCH3A_HOA134_P1_DELACRUZ_JUAN
The mosque is an example of the mud-brick construction of the region. Typical of the Dyula mosques, the building does not have a courtyard. The flat roof is
supported by clay piers and the structure contains numerous buttresses.

Selection Criteria
history of architecture

vi. to be directly or tangibly associated with events or living traditions, with ideas, or with beliefs, with artistic and literary works of outstanding universal
significance

5. Click "Classwork" from Google Classroom.com

6. Click "View assignment" from WEEKLY topic/ module assigned
7. From "Your Work" + Add or create, File (to upload photo of your Plate)
8. Click "Turn in" for final submission
9. Submit
ISLAMIC
photo on or before due date
INDIAN
SRI LANKA
BURMA, CAMBODIA,
THAILAND
CHINESE
JAPANESE
 Guidelines for Submission of Plates
10. Every end of MODULE basis for deadline of delivery of compiled Plates.
11. Submit package on or before due date.
12. Prepare Plates for package delivery through courier.
13. Securely seal your package.
14. Shouldn't have tears, rips, bends, or other damage upon delivery.
Significance
The mosque 15. Properly label your package (example below)of the Dyula mosques, the building does not have a courtyard. The flat roof is
is an example of the mud-brick construction of the region. Typical
supported by clay piers and the structure contains numerous buttresses.
Sender: JUAN DELA CRUZ
FLORENTINO ST., BRGY I, Selection Criteria
history of architecture

vi. to be directly or tangibly associated with events or living traditions, with ideas, or with beliefs, with artistic and literary works of outstanding universal
VIGAN CITY, ILOCOS SUR significance
+63 9088000000
Receiver: CHRISTIAN NICO R. PILOTIN
2F JUAN LUNA HALL BLDG, UNIV. OF NORTHERN PHILS, TAMAG,
VIGAN CITY 2700
+63 9063939294

ISLAMIC

INDIAN
SRI LANKA
BURMA, CAMBODIA,
THAILAND
CHINESE
JAPANESE