Thales of Miletus (c. 624 - 546 B.C.) Anaximander (c. 610 - 546 B.C.) Anaximenes of Miletus (c.
Anaximenes of Miletus (c. 586 – 526 BC)
The First Philosopher 7 0 2 Student of Thales 7 0 2 Student of Anaximander 7 0 2
Define the substance or substances of which Rejected Thales’ proposal of having all He believed the single element (arche) was
all material objects were composed, which he substance composed with water rather he air.
identified as water proposed that all material object are made of
apeiron
Pythagoras of Samos (c. 570 – 495 B.C.) Heraclitus of Ephesus (c.540 - 480 B.C.) Parmenides (c. 515 B.C.)
Philosopher and Mathematician 7 0 2 Weeping Philosopher 7 0 2 Pre-Socratic Greek Philosopher 7 0 2
He believed that all things were made of Enigmatic Philosopher, he believes that the He believes that reality is only an illusion.
numbers. only constant thing in the world is change.
Empedocles (c. 494-434 B.C.) Anaxagoras (510 BC- 428 BC) Democritus (460-370 BC)
Preacher and Philosopher 7 0 2 Mr. Mind 7 0 2 Father of the Atomic Theory 7 0 E
r
He believes that love and strife controls He believes in predominance, that everything He believes that everything is made up of
everything in the universe. is in everything. atoms.
Socrates (470-399 BC) Plato (428/427 or 424/423-348/347 BC) Aristotle (384-322 BC)
Gadfly 7 0 2 Aristocles 7 0 2 Stagirite 7 0 2
The game changing philosopher. For him to He wrote the teachings of Socrates, he was His main branch was epistemology and his
achieve arête, one must know the nature of famous for the allegory of the cave. students were known as the wanderers.
something.
Zeno of Citium (334-262 B.C.) St. Augustine of Hippo (354-430 A.D.) Boethius (477-524 AD)
The Ass 7 0 2 Philosopher and Bishop 7 0 2 Schoolmaster of Medieval Europe 7 0 2
was a Hellenistic philosopher of Phoenician St. Augustine was the bishop of Hippo (now He is known for answering the Philosophy of
origin from Citium, Cyprus. Zeno was the Annaba, Algeria) from 396 to 430. A Fatalism.
founder of the Stoic school. renowned theologian prolific rhetorician.
St. Anselm of Canterbury (1033-1109) William of Ockham (1285-1347) Rene Descartes (1596-1650)
Bishop and Philosopher 7 0 2 Venerabilis Inceptor 7 0 2 Father of Modern Philosophy 7 0 2
He is most famous in philosophy for having An English Franciscan philosopher who He was known as Cartesian dualism (or
discovered and articulated the so-called challenged scholasticism and the papacy, Mind-Body Dualism), his theory on the
“ontological argument;” and in theology for thereby hastening the end of the medieval separation between the mind and the body
his doctrine of the atonement period. His claim to fame was “Ockham's went on to influence subsequent Western
Razor”. philosophies.
John Locke (1632-1704) George Berkeley (1685-1753) Soren Kierkegaard (1813-1855)
Father of Liberalism 7 0 2 Bishop Berkeley 7 0 2 Father of Existentialism 7 0 2
John Locke refuted the theory of the divine Berkeley's famous principle is esse is percipi, Kierkegaard was a 19th-century Danish
right of kings and argued that all persons are to be is to be perceived. Berkeley was an philosopher who has been labeled by many as
endowed with natural rights to life, liberty, idealist. He held that ordinary objects are only the "Father of Existentialism"
and property. collections of ideas, which are mind-
dependent.
Thomas Hobbes (1588-1679) Gottfried Leibniz (1646-1716) Immanuel Kant (1724-1804)
Bright Fame 7 0 2 German Philosopher, Logician 7 0 2 The Old Jacobin 7 0 2
Hobbes believed that the only true and correct Leibniz's best known contribution to His comprehensive and systematic work in
form of government was the absolute metaphysics is his theory of monads, as epistemology (the theory of knowledge), ethics,
monarchy. He argued this most forcefully in exposited in Monadologie. He proposes his and aesthetics greatly influenced all subsequent
his landmark work, Leviathan. theory that the universe is made of an infinite philosophy, especially the various schools of
Kantianism and idealism.
number of simple substances known as
monads.
